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Metacognition

Metacognition

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Professional Development

Professional Development

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Created by

Meera Baldeosingh

Used 7+ times

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24 Slides • 16 Questions

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Metacognition & Self-Directed Learning

Teaching Students How to Learn by Saundra Yancy McGuire

Book Club: Chapters 2-3


Meera Baldeosingh,

Pharm D Candidate 2022

APPE Block 3, Academia

9 Aug 2021

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Learning Objectives

  • Define metacognition and list metacognitive skills.

  • Describe the importance of metacognitive skills in the learning process.

  • Compare strategies to help students refine metacognitive skills.

  • Develop a plan for implementing at least one of the strategies discussed to help students become self-directed learners.

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Open Ended

What study techniques did you employ to get through school?

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Open Ended

What is Metacognition?

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Thinking About One's Own Thinking

  • Assess the task at hand

  • Evaluate one's own knowledge and skills

  • Plan approach

  • Monitor progress

  • Adjust strategies as needed

  • Influenced by beliefs about intelligence

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Benefits of Metacognitive Skills

  • Improves resilience

  • Ability to self-direct learning

  • Promotes higher levels of achievements

  • Improves transferable knowledge and skills

  • Emotional and social growth

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Open Ended

How can metacognitive skills help students become better pharmacists?

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Poll

Do you believe that most students possess metacognitive skills?

Yes

No

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Open Ended

Why do you think students lack metacognitive skills?

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Higher Education Research Institute (HERI) 2013 Survey

  • 96.8% of participants graduated high school with an A- or B-average

  • >50% incoming college Freshmen spent < 6 hours/week doing homework in 12th grade

  • >70% of participants felt that their academic ability is above average

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What's the Disconnect?

  • Teaching to the test

  • Verbatim study guides

  • Assessment alternatives

  • Cross-discipline teaching

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Activity Time

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Count the Vowels

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Open Ended

List as many words/phrases that you can remember.

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Memorize the List

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Open Ended

List as many words/phrases that you can remember.

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Open Ended

What Made the Difference?

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Metacognitive Skills: skills that facilitate the reflection and direction of one's thinking

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Poll

Which metacognitive skill do you think that most students struggle with?

Assessing the task at hand

Evaluating strengths and weaknesses

Planning approach

Monitoring progress

Adjusting strategies as needed

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Assessing the Task at Hand

  • Be more explicit than you may think necessary

  • Tell students what do you do NOT want

  • Check students' understanding of the task

  • Provide performance criteria with the assignment

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Evaluating Strengths & Weaknesses

  • Provide formative assessments early on

  • Provide the opportunity for self-assessment

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Planning an Appropriate Approach

  • Have students implement a plan that you provided

  • Have students create their own plan

  • Make planning the central goal of the assignment

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Applying Strategies & Monitoring Progress

  • Heuristic approaches

  • Guided self-assessments

  • Require students to reflect on and annotate their own work

  • Peer review

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Reflecting On & Adjusting Approach

  • Provide activities that require students to reflect on their performances

  • Prompt students to analyze effectiveness of study skills

  • Present multiple strategies

  • Create assignments that focus on strategizing rather than implementation

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Promoting Metacognition

  • Modeling your metacognitive processes

  • Scaffolding

  • Address beliefs about intelligence

  • Broaden understanding of learning

  • Help students set realistic expectations

  • Active learning techniques

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Scaffolding

  • Gradually moving students toward greater independence and understanding during the learning process

  • Identifies what the learner can do with or without assistance and the learner cannot do

  • Facilitates student success and individualization of instruction

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Fill in the Blank

_____________ skills are those that facilitate the direction and reflection of one's own learning.

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Multiple Choice

True or False: Most students at the professional school level are adept at metacognition.

1

True

2

False

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Multiple Select

Which of the following is a metacognitive skill? Select all that apply.

1

Assessment of Task

2

Planning Approach

3

Evaluating Strengths & Weaknesses

4

Monitoring Progress

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Reflection

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following refers to the gradual movement of students towards independence during the learning process?

1

Active learning

2

Passive learning

3

Scaffolding

4

Formative assessment

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Multiple Choice

True or False: Students' beliefs about intelligence has a large impact on the metacognitive process.

1

True

2

False

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Poll

How confident do you feel in implementing metacognitive strategies in your own teaching?

Super confident!

Might need to do some more research...

Nah, it's not for me.

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Open Ended

Name one new metacognitive skill that you learned about today that you would like to try in the future.

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References

  • McGuire SA. Teach students how to learn: strategies you can incorporate into any course to improve student metacognition, study skills, and motivation. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing, LLC. 2015. DOI: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usf/detail.action?docID=4438661.

  • Ambrose SA & Mayer RE. Chapter 7: How do students become self-directed learners? In: How learning works: seven research-based principles for smart teaching. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010. DOI: http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usf/detail.action?docID=529947.

  • Literacy Information and Communication System (LINCS). TEAL center fact sheet no. 4: metacognitive processes. https://lincs.ed.gov/state-resources/federal-initiatives/teal/guide/metacognitive. 

  • University of Waterloo Centre for Teaching Excellence. Teaching metacognitive skills. https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/metacognitive. 

  • Sandercock I. How does active learning support student success? Arizona State University. 2013. https://teachonline.asu.edu/2013/03/how-does-active-learning-support-student-success/.

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References (Cont'd)

  • Rodin A. The Thinker [image]. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Thinker-sculpture-by-Rodin#/media/1/450280/226379. 

  • McDowell Z. Project planning and delivery: steps to get work done faster. Planview Blog. 2020. https://blog.planview.com/project-planning-and-delivery-6-steps-to-get-work-done-faster/.

  • Drake Hotline Bling Meme. 2021. https://imgflip.com/i/4oviv4.

  • Spongebob Meme. 2019. https://www.memedroid.com/memes/latest/1567211423.

  • Sword R. Metacognition in the classroom: benefits and strategies. High Speed Training. 2021. https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/metacognition-in-the-classroom

  • Lewis B. Using Bloom's taxonomy for effective learning.Thought Co. 2019. https://www.thoughtco.com/blooms-taxonomy-the-incredible-teaching-tool-2081869.

Metacognition & Self-Directed Learning

Teaching Students How to Learn by Saundra Yancy McGuire

Book Club: Chapters 2-3


Meera Baldeosingh,

Pharm D Candidate 2022

APPE Block 3, Academia

9 Aug 2021

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