Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Precipitation Reactions

SOLUTIONS

​ENGR. DESIREE MAY H. ABIAN, RChE

​SOLUTION

• ​It is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

​SOLUTE

• ​It is the substance that is present in the solution in a SMALLER amount.

• ​It is also the substance being dissolved by the solvent.

​SOLVENT

• ​It is the substance that is present in the solution in a LARGER amount.

• ​It is also the substance that dissolves the solute

TYPES

OF

SOLUTIONS

​Gaseous Solution

• Gases or vapors dissolved in one another

Multiple Choice

AIR is a solution.

• YES

• NO

​Liquid Solution

• Liquid-liquid

• Liquid solvent-Solid solute

• Liquid solvent-Gas solute

AQUEOUS SOLUTION

• ​It is a solution in which the SOLUTE initially is a LIQUID or a SOLID and the SOLVENT is WATER.

Multiple Choice

SEAWATER is a solution.

• YES

• NO

Solid Solution

• Solid substance dominates the solution

Multiple Choice

ALLOY is a solution.

• YES

• NO

Multiple Choice

70% ethyl alcohol, which is your rubbing alcohol, is made up of:

70% - ethyl alcohol

30% - water

What is the solute in the solution stated above?

• ethyl alcohol

• water

Multiple Choice

This is the part of a solution that does the dissolving.

• solute

• solvent

​ELECTROLYTE

• ​It is a substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that can conduct electricity.

​NaCl added to water conducts electricity

​ELECTROLYTE

• ​When a solute that dissolves completely in water dissociates into IONS, the substance is said to be an electrolyte.

ELECTROLYTE​

STRONG ELECTROLYTE​

WEAK

ELECTROLYTE​

​NON-ELECTROLYTE

• It is a substance that, when dissolved in water, does not conduct electricy

​BLACKOUT!

​STRONG

ELECTROLYTE

​WEAK

ELECTROLYTE

​NON-

ELECTROLYTE

• ​HCl

• ​HNO3

• ​HClO4

• ​H2SO4

• ​NaOH

• ​Ba(OH)2

• ​Ionic compounds

• ​CH3COOH

• ​HF

• ​HNO2

• ​NH3

• ​H2O

• ​(NH2)2CO

• ​CH3OH

• ​C2H5OH

• ​C6H12O6

• ​C12H22O11

Multiple Choice

It is a solute that does not form or dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Example is table sugar.

• STRONG ELECTROLYTE

• WEAK ELECTROLYTE

• NON-ELECTROLYTE

Multiple Choice

A strong electrolyte __________.

• can't be dissolved in water

• partially breaks into its ions in water

• completely breaks into its ions in water

• doesn't break into its ions in water

Solubility

​The amount of solute that dissolves in a certain amount of solvent at a given temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution

Concentration

It is the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature

Concentration

It is the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature

​

DILUTED - The solution is described as dilute if it has a low concentration of solute dissolved

​

CONCENTRATED​ - The solution is described as concentrated if it has a high concentration of solute dissolved

Concentrated

SATURATED - The solution has the maximum concentration of solute dissolved

​

UNSATURATED - The solution has less than the maximum concentration of solute dissolved

​

SUPERSATURATED - ​The solution contains more dissolved solute than normally possible and it usually requires an increase in temperature to dissolve all the solutes