Satellite Images and Topographic Maps Test Review LESSON

Satellite Images and Topographic Maps Test Review

​with WED and Watersheds

by Julie Edwards

​Erosion

​Erosion • The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves pieces of rock or soil • Rock or soil is moved to a new location

Multiple Choice

The satellite image below shows a portion of the Namib Desert in Africa. This is an ancient, sandy desert with dunes that can be up to 305 m tall. The Namib Desert extends inland from the Atlantic Ocean between 80 km and 200 km and receives only 5 mm to 76 mm of rain each year.

A satellite picture of this same area taken weeks before shows that the shape and location of some sand dunes have changed. Which of these most likely caused the changes in the dunes?

• Ocean waves

• Flowing rivers

• Blowing wind

• Crustal uplift

Multiple Choice

This is a satellite image of the Houston Ship Channel. Which point on this image will experience the most erosion?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

The satellite image shows a ship channel between South Padre Island and Boca Chica beach in South Texas.

Sand is sometimes removed from theship channel through a process called dredging to make it easier for ships to travel through. Recently sand from the bottom of the channel was moved to are beaches. Without this transfer of sand, what would most likely occur in this area in the future?

• The ship channel would become deeper, and the island would move west toward the mainland.

• The ship channel would become shallower, and the beach would become narrower.

• The ship channel would become narrower, and the island would become completely covered with water.

• The ship channel would become wider, and the island would sink into the Gulf of Mexico.

Multiple Choice

This satellite photograph shows an area in Alaska after a fire occurred. Which statement best describes the most likely effect the fire had on the river in the 12 months after it occurred?

• Less sediment flowed into the river because the fire heated up the soil and made it drier.

• The amount of vegetation increased and less sediment flowed into the river because the fire produced ash that mixed with the soil.

• More sediment flowed into the river because the fire destroyed most of the vegetation holding the sediment in place.

• More sediment flowed into the river because the fire disrupted animal habitats and caused animals to leave the area.

Multiple Choice

The satellite photograph below shows a large meteorite crater that is 1200 m in diameter and 170 m deep.This crater is located in a flat, arid part of north eastern Arizona. How will this crater most likely change over time?

• It will get deeper as it fills with water.

• It will rise up like a volcanic crater.

• It will become less deep as the rim erodes.

• It will widen as it fills with lava.

Multiple Choice

The satellite photo below shows San Francisco, California, which has many miles of coastline and an inland bay. Which area of the coastline has most likely experienced the greatest effect of erosion from waves over hundreds of years?

• Area N

• Area P

• Area S

• Area T

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows the path a river takes as it runs from high ground, to lower ground, and eventually to the sea. At which point in the diagram would the greatest deposition from the river occur?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

​Watersheds, Runoff and Ground Pollution

​Key Parts

​

A. Precipitation

B. Runoff

C. Surface Water

D. Ground Water

E. Percolation

​

​Watershed

• An area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place

• Human activities can have a significant impact on Earth’s water systems

• Surface Water – water on the surface of Earth such as a river, stream, lake or ocean

• Ground Water – water present beneath Earth’s surface

• Runoff has increased due to more roads, houses, and buildings being constructed

• Improper disposal of trash can eventually make its way into the ocean or other water systems

• Fertilizers eventually make their way into ground or surface water

• Excess fertilizers or other forms of pollution can spread to other areas as they travel along the watershed

​Groundwater

​• Found within an aquifer

• Aquifer – a layer of rock or soil that can hold water

• An aquifer consists of permeable material – water is able to move through the material

• Impermeable – a layer of material that does not allow water to move through (ex. Bedrock)

• Water held within an aquifer is known as a saturated zone

• The top of a saturated zone is known as a water table – the water table will change as the level of water in an aquifer changes

Multiple Choice

A student’s model of an area near a city depicts many activities that affect the quality of the water in the area. How does the agricultural activity most likely affect the surface water of the area?

• Excess crop fertilizer is carried by runoff into the river, causing excess growth of water plants.

• Excess crop material accumulates on the riverbanks, slowing the movement of the river water.

• Crops reduce erosion, increasing the amount of soil entering the river.

• Crops absorb pure water from soil, causing the remaining water to contain more salt.

Multiple Choice

A student sets up the investigation shown. The movement of colored water through the gravel best models —

• condensation of water vapor

• surface runoff of precipitation

• conservation of water

• pollution of groundwater

Multiple Choice

A student drew the model below to represent a part of a watershed and some human activities that affect the watershed. How do the industrial, agricultural, and residential activities of humans most likely affect the groundwater in the area?

• The activities prevent most of the water from evaporating into the atmosphere.

• Pollutants from the activities percolate through the soil and enter the water table.

• The activities replace the groundwater used.

• All of the above

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

Which profile best represents the contour map along line AB?

Multiple Choice

The topographic map shows a canyon. At which point does the canyon have the greatest change in elevation?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which topographic map below matches this profile?

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

The topographic map shows the location of a park ranger at Point X when a message is received that an injured hiker needs help at Point Z. Which of these is closest to the difference in elevation between the locations of the ranger and the injured hiker?

• 2,050 m

• 450 m

• 910 m

• 3,650 m

Multiple Choice

This topographic map represents the elevation of an area 100 years ago. At that time the highest point had an elevation of 214 m. The highest point has since eroded a total of 7 m. Which profile most likely represents the landscape today?

Multiple Choice

A river area is shown on the topographic map. Four riverbank areas are labeled on the map. Which two riverbanks are the steepest?

• W and X

• Y and Z

• X and Y

• W and Z