Intro to Genetics CFU Prep

Intro to Genetics CFU Prep

Multiple Choice

Selective breeding is...

• a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

• natural method of producing offspring with desired traits

• creating a new species

• making organisms reproduce during times of stress

Multiple Choice

An example of selective breeding is

• a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

• a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

• a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

Multiple Choice

Evidence shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all of the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?

• A.  Genetic manipulation

• Natural selection

• Random chance

• Selective breeding

Multiple Choice

Selective breeding

• organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

• process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics

Genotypes (DNA combinations) code for Phenotypes (physical traits).

Multiple Choice

AA

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Multiple Choice

Blue eyes

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Multiple Choice

Curly hair

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Multiple Choice

One allele for brown eyes and one allele for blue eyes

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Multiple Choice

Two different alleles

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Multiple Choice

Having two different colored eyes

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• DOMINANT ALLELE: always expressed when present.

• RECESSEIVE: only expressed when the dominant one is absent.

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Genotype = 2 alleles.

Allele = version of a gene.

In the flower example, purple flowers (B) are domiant to white flowers (b). Even when both are present, the B wins!

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Multiple Choice

Used to show dominant alleles

• captial letters

• lowercase letters

• numbers

Multiple Choice

Used to show recessive alleles

• captial letters

• lowercase letters

• numbers

• HOMOZYGOUS = both alleles are the same.

• HETEROZYGOUS = both alleles are different.

Types of

Genotypes

Multiple Choice

Homozygous dominant

• FF

• Ff

• ff

Multiple Choice

Homozygous recessive

• FF

• Ff

• ff

Multiple Choice

Heterozygous

• FF

• Ff

• ff

Multiple Choice

Free earlobes (F) are dominant to attached earlobes (f).

State phenotype for FF.

• free earlobes

• attached earlobes

Multiple Choice

Free earlobes (F) are dominant to attached earlobes (f).

State phenotype for Ff.

• free earlobes

• attached earlobes

Multiple Choice

Free earlobes (F) are dominant to attached earlobes (f).

State phenotype for ff.

• free earlobes

• attached earlobes

Multiple Choice

No hair on fingers (h) is recessive to hair on fingers (H).

State the phenotype for hh.

• Hair on fingers

• No hair on fingers

Multiple Choice

No hair on fingers (h) is recessive to hair on fingers (H).

State the phenotype for HH.

• Hair on fingers

• No hair on fingers

Multiple Choice

No hair on fingers (h) is recessive to hair on fingers (H).

State the phenotype for Hh.

• Hair on fingers

• No hair on fingers

Multiple Choice

Cleft chin (E) is dominant to smooth chin (e).

State the genotype(s) for cleft chin.

• EE only

• ee only

• Ee only

• Both EE and Ee

Multiple Choice

Cleft chin (E) is dominant to smooth chin (e).

State the genotype(s) for cleft chin.

• EE only

• ee only

• Ee only

• Both EE and Ee

Multiple Choice

Cleft chin (E) is dominant to smooth chin (e).

State the genotype(s) for smooth chin.

• EE only

• ee only

• Ee only

• Both Ee and ee

Multiple Choice

Curly hair (H) is dominant to straight hair (h).

State the genotype(s) for curly hair.

• HH only

• hh only

• Hh only

• Both HH and Hh

Multiple Choice

Curly hair (H) is dominant to straight hair (h).

State the genotype(s) for straight hair.

• HH only

• hh only

• Hh only

• Both hh and Hh