Gr12 GED Stats graphs Passage Review
Presentation
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Science
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12th Grade
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Hard
Alexei Gardner
Used 4+ times
FREE Resource
20 Slides • 52 Questions
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Fill in the Blank
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What is happening to the object in this graph?
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What is occurring from t=0 to t=4?
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What is occurring during t=4 to t=8?
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What is occurring during t=8 to t=10?
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What is the speed during the interval t=10 and t=16?
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What is the speed during the interval t=0 and t=4?
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Based on the diagram, choose the set of elements to complete the photosynthesis summary equation:
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Based on the graph, which of the following flu season weeks of a year is a
person least likely to experience symptoms of influenza-like illness
in the United States?Percentage of Visits for Influenza-like Illness (ILI), 2016-2017 and Selected Previous Seasons
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) What is the most likely reason that the marble reached a higher distance above ground in test #4 than in all of the other tests?
Marble on a String Experiment
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Which of the following statements is best supported by the data in the graphs?
Baird Mountain Dall Sheep: Number of Rams vs. Number of Ewes
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One of the fastest roller coasters in the world has an average speed of 38 ms. If the ride lasts for 2 min and 20 s, how long is the track?
Speed and Velocity
Speed and velocity are often used interchangeably in everyday use. Even though their equations are very similar, there is a distinct difference when using these terms in a physics context. Speed is based on distance, whereas velocity is based on displacement. Distance is how much ground an object has covered during its motion. Displacement is how far an object is away from its starting position. The two formulas are given in the following table.
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Suppose Charles Darwin was able to count the populations of finches on three small islands and record his findings in a table.
If Charles Darwin wanted to select one finch from each island for future study, how many different ways would he be able to select these finches?
Allopatric Speciatio
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which biological populations evolve to become distinct species. The biologist Orator F. Cook coined the term speciation in 1906, but Charles Darwin was the first to describe the role of speciation in his 1859 book The Origin of Species.
There are four geographic modes of speciation in nature, based on the extent to which speciating populations are isolated from one another: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric. Allopatric is the most observed mode of speciation. During allopatric speciation, a population splits into two geographically isolated populations. The isolated populations then undergo genotypic or phenotypic divergence as they become subjected to dissimilar selective pressures and as different mutations arise. When the populations come back into contact, they have evolved such that they are reproductively isolated and are no longer capable of exchanging genes
The Galápagos Islands are particularly famous for their confirmation of allopatric speciation. During Charles Darwin’s five weeks on the Galápagos Islands, he noticed that finches differed from one island to another. When he returned to England, his speculation on evolution deepened after experts informed him that these were separate species, not just varieties. Darwin's finches are now one of the most well-known examples of adaptive evolution and allopatric speciation discussed in biology today.
Adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation
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A patient walks into an outpatient clinic in the second week of 2017, what is the chance that they are experiencing influenza-like symptoms?
Percentage of Visits for Influenza-like Illness (ILI), 2016-2017 and Selected Previous Seasons
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Which of the following plant crossings would have a possibility of producing an offspring with a white-colored flower?
Law of Dominance
For a gene that is expressed in a dominant and recessive pattern, homozygous dominant and heterozygous organisms will look identical (that is, they will have different genotypes but same phenotype); the recessive allele will only be observed in homozygous recessive individuals.
Mendel's law of dominance states that in a heterozygote, one trait will conceal the presence of another trait for the same characteristic. For example, when crossing true-breeding violet-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, all of the offspring were violet-flowered, even though they all had one allele for violet and one allele for white. Rather than both alleles contributing to a phenotype, the dominant allele will be expressed exclusively. The recessive allele will remain latent but will be transmitted. The recessive trait will only be expressed by offspring that have two copies of this allele and these offspring will breed true when self-crossed.
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) If a rock sample has 12.5% of its uranium−235 left, how old is the sample?
Using Radioactive Decay to Determine Geologic Age
The discovery of the natural radioactive decay of uranium in 1896 by Henry Becquerel, the French physicist, opened new vistas in science. In 1905, the British physicist Lord Rutherford -- after defining the structure of the atom -- made the first clear suggestion for using radioactivity as a tool for measuring geologic time directly; shortly thereafter, in 1907, Professor B. B. Boltwood, radiochemist of Yale University, published a list of geologic ages based on radioactivity. Although Boltwood's ages have since been revised, they did show correctly that the duration of geologic time would be measured in terms of hundreds-to-thousands of millions of years.
The next 40 years was a period of expanding research on the nature and behavior of atoms, leading to the development of nuclear fission and fusion as energy sources. A byproduct of this atomic research has been the development and continuing refinement of the various methods and techniques used to measure the age of Earth materials. Precise dating has been accomplished since 1950.
A chemical element consists of atoms with a specific number of protons in their nuclei but different atomic weights owing to variations in the number of neutrons. Atoms of the same element with differing atomic weights are called isotopes. Radioactive decay is a spontaneous process in which an isotope (the parent) loses particles from its nucleus to form an isotope of a new element (the daughter). The rate of decay is expressed in terms of an isotope's half-life, or the time it takes for one-half of a particular radioactive isotope in a sample to decay. Most radioactive isotopes have rapid rates of decay (that is, short half-lives) and lose their radioactivity within a few days or years. Some isotopes, however, decay slowly, and several of these are used as geologic clocks. The parent isotopes and corresponding daughter products most commonly used to determine the ages of ancient rocks are listed below:
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What is the largest source of freshwater on the Earth?
Distribution of Water on the Earth
If 100,000 people represented all water on the Earth where would they be located?
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) According to the central dogma of biology, which of the following best describes the process of transcription?
Central Dogma of Biology
The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1958. The central dogma states that genetic information within DNA is used to make RNA through the process of transcription. The genetic information in the RNA is then used to make proteins through the process of translation.
Once this genetic information has passed into protein, it cannot revert back to DNA or RNA.
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Any hurricane that is category 3 or higher is considered a major hurricane. Assuming the trends in the table are consistent, what is the probability that the next hurricane that hits the state of Connecticut is a major hurricane?
Hurricane Direct Hits on the Mainland US Coastline and for Individual States by Saffir/Simpson Category 1851-2015
The table, updated from Jarrell et al. (2001), shows the number of hurricanes affecting the United States and individual states, i.e., direct hits. The table shows that on the average, close to seven hurricanes every four years (~1.75 per year) strike the United States, while about three major hurricanes cross the US coast every five years (0.60 per year).
Category 3 or higher hurricanes are considered major hurricanes.
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Which of the following best expresses the approximate change in number of reported measles cases from 2012 to 2014?
Reported Cases of Measles in the United States, 2000 - 2016
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Match
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The Earth's tilt plays a significant role in determining the changing seasons and the duration of daylight throughout the year. During the equinoxes, which occur twice a year, the tilt of the Earth's axis is not inclined towards or away from the sun. As a result, day and night are nearly equal in length. The spring equinox occurs in March when the sun is directly above the equator, while the autumnal equinox occurs in September. The solstices, which also occur twice a year, mark the extremes of the Earth's tilt. During the summer solstice, which occurs in June, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, resulting in longer days and shorter nights. Conversely, during the winter solstice in December, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, resulting in shorter days and longer nights.
Which of the following is a true conclusion that can be drawn from the diagram and passage?
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The Earth's tilt plays a significant role in determining the changing seasons and the duration of daylight throughout the year. During the equinoxes, which occur twice a year, the tilt of the Earth's axis is not inclined towards or away from the sun. As a result, day and night are nearly equal in length. The spring equinox occurs in March when the sun is directly above the equator, while the autumnal equinox occurs in September. The solstices, which also occur twice a year, mark the extremes of the Earth's tilt. During the summer solstice, which occurs in June, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, resulting in longer days and shorter nights. Conversely, during the winter solstice in December, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, resulting in shorter days and longer nights.
Based on the passage and the diagram, what can be assumed about the Southern Hemisphere during the Winter Solstice?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
How could you best describe the text structure of the passage?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
A scientist hypothesizes that open water absorbs more sunlight than it reflects. Do the passage and the diagram support or refute her conclusion?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
What happens once ice melts after being warmed by the sun?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
How can the text structure of the passage best be described?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
According to the passage and diagram, what leads to the red color of the moon during a lunar eclipse?
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The Earth's poles receive less direct sunlight than other regions of the planet due to their location at extreme latitudes. However, the sunlight that does reach the poles has a significant impact on the polar climate. When sunlight hits ice and water at the poles, it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. This absorption causes the ice to melt and the water to warm up, resulting in changes to the polar environment. As more ice melts, sea levels rise, and the temperature of the surrounding water increases, which effects weather patterns, ocean currents, and ecosystems. The absorption of sunlight by ice and water at the Earth's poles is a crucial factor in the ongoing debate about global climate change.
A scientist hypothesizes that the entire globe should be able to observe an upcoming lunar eclipse. Does the diagram support or refute his conclusion?
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Cold fronts are a common weather phenomenon that occur when a mass of cold air advances towards a region with warmer air. As the cold air moves forward, it displaces the warm air, forcing it to rise rapidly. This rising motion results in the formation of clouds, and the release of water vapor as precipitation, including rain, snow, and hail. The cold air behind the front is denser than the warm air it replaces, causing a drop in temperature, often quite sudden and significant. These temperature changes can have a variety of effects on local weather conditions, including high winds, thunderstorms, and even tornadoes. The sudden arrival of a cold front can also cause significant temperature shocks, leading to a range of impacts on human and animal health, agricultural crops, and infrastructure.
How could you best describe the text structure of the passage?
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Cold fronts are a common weather phenomenon that occur when a mass of cold air advances towards a region with warmer air. As the cold air moves forward, it displaces the warm air, forcing it to rise rapidly. This rising motion results in the formation of clouds, and the release of water vapor as precipitation, including rain, snow, and hail. The cold air behind the front is denser than the warm air it replaces, causing a drop in temperature, often quite sudden and significant. These temperature changes can have a variety of effects on local weather conditions, including high winds, thunderstorms, and even tornadoes. The sudden arrival of a cold front can also cause significant temperature shocks, leading to a range of impacts on human and animal health, agricultural crops, and infrastructure.
Which of the following statements does the diagram support?
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Cold fronts are a common weather phenomenon that occur when a mass of cold air advances towards a region with warmer air. As the cold air moves forward, it displaces the warm air, forcing it to rise rapidly. This rising motion results in the formation of clouds, and the release of water vapor as precipitation, including rain, snow, and hail. The cold air behind the front is denser than the warm air it replaces, causing a drop in temperature, often quite sudden and significant. These temperature changes can have a variety of effects on local weather conditions, including high winds, thunderstorms, and even tornadoes. The sudden arrival of a cold front can also cause significant temperature shocks, leading to a range of impacts on human and animal health, agricultural crops, and infrastructure.
Which of the following statements does the passage refute?
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Rain shadows are regions on the leeward side of a mountain range that receive little rainfall because of the topography of the area. As moist air moves towards a mountain range, it is forced to rise due to the elevation of the landmass. As the air rises, it cools and loses its moisture content, causing precipitation on the windward side of the mountain range. By the time the air reaches the leeward side of the range, it has lost most of its moisture, resulting in a dry climate. This phenomenon is known as a rain shadow, and it can create arid and semi-arid environments, such as the Mojave Desert in the United States or the Atacama Desert in South America.
A scientist argues that topography does not play a role in the amount of precipitation any region receives. Do the passage and diagram support or refute her conclusion?
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Rain shadows are regions on the leeward side of a mountain range that receive little rainfall because of the topography of the area. As moist air moves towards a mountain range, it is forced to rise due to the elevation of the landmass. As the air rises, it cools and loses its moisture content, causing precipitation on the windward side of the mountain range. By the time the air reaches the leeward side of the range, it has lost most of its moisture, resulting in a dry climate. This phenomenon is known as a rain shadow, and it can create arid and semi-arid environments, such as the Mojave Desert in the United States or the Atacama Desert in South America.
According to the diagram, what accompanies moist, rising air?
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Rain shadows are regions on the leeward side of a mountain range that receive little rainfall because of the topography of the area. As moist air moves towards a mountain range, it is forced to rise due to the elevation of the landmass. As the air rises, it cools and loses its moisture content, causing precipitation on the windward side of the mountain range. By the time the air reaches the leeward side of the range, it has lost most of its moisture, resulting in a dry climate. This phenomenon is known as a rain shadow, and it can create arid and semi-arid environments, such as the Mojave Desert in the United States or the Atacama Desert in South America.
According to the passage, what could be hypothesized about rain shadows?
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