State of Matter/Phase Changes

States of Matter

Kinetic Theory of Matter

• Molecules are always moving and have kinetic energy.

• The state of the matter (solid, liquid, or gas) depends on the particles' kinetic energy, which increases with temperature, causing them to move faster and spread farther apart.

2

Solids

●

Molecules are very close together

●

Molecules vibrate (move) slowly

●

Matter has a definite shape and volume

Liquids
●

Molecules are loosely packed
together.

●

Molecules can flow and move with
greater speed than a solid.

●

Matter has a definite volume but NOT a definite shape

Gas

●

Molecules are far apart.

●

Molecules can move very quickly.

●

Matter has NO definite shape or volume

Changing States of Matter

Changes in states of matter between solids, liquids and gases occur when objects are heated and cooled.

Watch the Video to learn more!

9

⦁Occurs when a SOLID
turns into a LIQUID.

⦁Heat is ADDED to
system.

Melting

11

⦁Occurs when a LIQUID
turns into a GAS.

⦁Heat is ADDED to
system.

Vaporization (Boiling)

12

⦁Occurs when a LIQUID
turns into a SOLID.

⦁Heat is REMOVED from
system.

Freezing

14

⦁Occurs when a GAS
turns into a LIQUID.

⦁Heat is REMOVED from
system.

Condensation

15

Graphing of

Changes of States

of Matter

19

A phase change diagram shows the relationship between temperature, heat energy and phase changes in matter.

Energy is added as you move from a SOLID to a GAS. It goes through the processes of melting and vaporization.

Energy is removed as you move from a GAS to a SOLID. It goes through the processes of condensation and freezing.

​

Phase Change Diagram

Drag and Drop

As you move from a solid to a liquid the phase change is called ​

Placeholder

.  

In this phase change the temperature ​

Placeholder

and heat energy ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

melting

increase

added

freezing

vaporization

removed

decreased

condensing

Drag and Drop

As you move from a gas to a liquid the phase change is called ​

Placeholder

.  

In this phase change the temperature ​

Placeholder

and heat energy ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

melting

added

freezing

vaporization

removed

decreased

condensing

increased

Drag and Drop

As you move from a liquid to a solid the phase change is called ​

Placeholder

.  

In this phase change the temperature ​

Placeholder

and heat energy ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

melting

added

freezing

vaporization

removed

decreased

condensing

increased

Drag and Drop

As you move from a liquid to a gas the phase change is called ​

Placeholder

.  

In this phase change the temperature ​

Placeholder

and heat energy ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

melting

added

freezing

vaporization

removed

decreased

condensing

increased

Let's Practice!

19

• ​The practice questions are GRADED!

• Use your notes to help you with the questions.

• Take advantage of multiple attempts to earn the most points!

Multiple Choice

At higher temperatures

• particles in an object have less energy
• particles in an object move faster
• a gas contracts

Multiple Choice

Which form of matter does not take the shape of its container and the particles move quickly?

• liquid
• gas
• solid
• air

Multiple Choice

How is a gas defined?

• Particles are far apart and move fast.

• Particles are close together and move fast.

• Particles are flowing and move fast.

• Particles are far apart and move slowly.

Multiple Choice

Particles of a liquid

• are tightly packed together and stay in a fixed position.

• are free to move around one another but still touch.

Multiple Choice

The slower the particles in a substance move,

• the colder it is.

• the warmer it is.

• the more energy it has.

Multiple Choice

What state of matter?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma!!!

Multiple Choice

What state of matter?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

What state of matter?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

When the temperature of matter increases the particles...

• speed up and move closer
• speed up and move farther apart
• slow down and move closer together
• slow down and move farther apart

Multiple Choice

What is the phase change of a solid to a liquid?

• freezing

• melting

• vaporization

• condensation

Multiple Choice

What is it called when a solid turns into a liquid?

• Melting

• Condensation
• Liquid
• Freezing

Multiple Choice

All phase changes (changing states) requires energy to be added or taken away.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Change from Gas to Liquid is called........

• Melting

• Condensing

• Freezing

• Vaporizing

Multiple Choice

Change from Liquid to Solid is called ...

• fusion

• Freezing

• sublimation

• evaporation

Multiple Choice

Change from gas to liquid...

• condensation
• evaporation
• expansion
• movement

Multiple Choice

Change from liquid to gas is called....

• expansion

• evaporation/vaporization

• condensation

• melting

Multiple Choice

In the phase change of freezing is energy being Added or Removed?

• Removed

• Added

Multiple Choice

What is happening to the temperature after a Gas turns into a Liquid?

• Temperature Increases

• Temperature Decreases

Multiple Choice

Is energy being added or removed during the vaporization process?

• Energy is added

• Energy is removed

Multiple Choice

Are there molecules moving in ice?

• yes, they are moving slow

• no, it is frozen so molecules don't move

• yes, they are moving quickly

• no, ice is too cold for movement