BANK Seismic Waves & Earth's Interior & Waves Review

Seismic Waves

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Multiple Choice

Snell's Law explains why things in water appear distorted. As a wave that is travelling through the air hits another medium, like water, it refracts because......

• The wave travels slower in air than water

• The wave travels faster in the air than water

• The wave stops and bounces off as it hits the water.

• The wave reflects as it hits the water

Multiple Choice

Which phenomenon happens when a wave hits an object and bounces off of it at an angle?

• refraction

• reflection

• deflection

• perfection

Multiple Choice

Which phenomenon happens when a wave hits an object and bends as it passes through a different medium?

• reflection

• refraction

• deflection

• perfection

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE: Seismic waves are energy ripples that start from an epicenter and emanate outward.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

These type of seismic waves move back and forth and can penetrate solids, liquids, and gases.

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Tidal-waves

Multiple Choice

These waves move side to side and can only pass through solids.

• P-waves

• S-waves

Multiple Choice

On a seismograph, which wave is detected first?

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Surface Waves

Multiple Choice

A Richter Scale can be determined based on the ___________ of the highest peak recorded

• log

• distance in between the P and S waves

• amplitude

EM Spectrum (Waves)

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Multiple Choice

Sound travels in which kind of wave?

• Longitudinal waves

• Transverse waves

Multiple Choice

All waves carry ______________.

• Sound

• Light

• Water

• Energy

Multiple Choice

Sound waves can travel through a vacuum because they don't require particles.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What kind of wave is pictured below?

• compressional wave
• transverse wave
• sound wave
• mechanical wave

Multiple Choice

The measurement of the length of a wave from one point of the wave to the next identical part of the wave (for example, top to top or bottom to bottom)

• Crest

• Amplitude

• Frequency

• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

Which transverse wave has the highest frequency?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Radio waves have the longest wavelength and smallest frequencies.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

__________ have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than radio waves do.

• Microwaves

• Ocean waves

• P-waves

• S-waves

Multiple Choice

How are we able to see the color white?

• All colors except red are absorbed

• All colors are absorbed

• All colors are reflected

• All colors except red are reflected

Multiple Choice

Which rays can be felt as heat?

• X-Rays

• Infrared Radiation

• Ultraviolet Radiation

• Microwaves

Multiple Choice

What type of sun radiation is potentially damaging to the eyes?

• a. Infrared rays

• b. Visible light

• c. Ultraviolet light

Multiple Choice

This type of Electromagnetic wave shows a break in bones.

• gamma ray

• x-ray

• brokenometer

• radio wave

Multiple Choice

Which electromagnetic waves have the highest frequencies and the shortest wavelengths?

• microwaves
• visible light
• gamma rays

Multiple Choice

Put the visible light colors in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength

• Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Orange, Yellow, Red

• Red, Yellow, Green, Orange, Violet, Blue, Indigo

• Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet

Light Waves

• Does not need to travel through matter

Light Waves - Transmittance

• Light will shine through and come out the other side

Light Waves - Reflection

• Light will bounce off surface in a new direction

• Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection

• Why you see colors

Light Waves - Absorption

• Light converts to thermal energy

• Why you see colors

Light Waves - Refraction

• When light changes as it goes from one material to another

• Happens when a light wave changes speed and travels through one material to another.

Multiple Choice

What happens when sound waves are reflected?

• Echo

• No echo

• Sound is heard in another room

Multiple Choice

This is the type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground; moves faster than s-waves, and can travel through both solids and liquids

• r-wave

• p-wave

• t-wave

• surface wave

Multiple Choice

The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake is called the

• focus

• fault

• epicenter

• seismometer

Multiple Choice

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake is called the

• focus

• epicenter

• fault

• p-wave

Earth's Interior

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Multiple Choice

What are scientists that study Earth's structure called?

• biologists

• astronomers

• geologists

Multiple Choice

What is the name for the top layer of Earth?

• crust

• shell

• core

• mantle

Evidence: Rock Samples

• drilling holes- video

• volcanoes erupting

• lab: pressure and lasers

Evidence: Seismic Waves

• created by earthquakes

• speed & path

Earth's 3 Main Layers

• pressure

• temperature- 20 m

The Crust

• outer surface

• ocean vs continental

The Mantle

• hot, but solid

• 3 layers: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere

The Core

• inner- molten

• outer- solid

Earth's Magnetic Field

• movements in the liquid outer core

• iron filings

• compass

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the Earth is molten?

• outer core

• inner core

• crust

Multiple Choice

Which layer of Earth are you on right now?

• core

• mantle

• crust

page 16 in your textbook

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Clues to Earth’s interior

• What’s below:

• Deep mines & wells give clues

• Deepest mine 3km Deepest well 12km deep

• People cannot go down, but can send instruments

• Temperature and pressure increase with depth

• As you move down, temperature and pressure increase

Using earthquake waves

• Studied indirectly Earthquakes release energy in the form of 3 waves

• Some waves cannot travel through certain materials

• Change directions when they hit certain materials

• Use this information to infer the density and composition of materials within Earth

• null

• 
  

Multiple Choice

Is the outer core a solid or a liquid?

• Liquid

• Solid

Multiple Choice

What state of matter is the inner core?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

What is the order of the Earth's layers from outside to the inside?

• Crust, Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core

• Outer Core, Inner Core, Mantle, Crust

• Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core

Multiple Choice

True or False: The crust is the thinnest layer.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

What causes color to be seen?

• Transmittance

• Reflection

• Refraction

• Absorption