Periodic Table Build

Periodic Table of Elements

- Properties you can observe directly
- Water is a colorless, odorless substance that exists as a liquid at room temperature.
- Gold is shiny, exists as a solid at room temperature, and can be pounded into very thin sheets.

Physical Properties

- Properties that can only be observed when
one substance changes into a
different substance

- For example, if you leave an iron nail outside, it will eventually rust.

Chemical Properties

-118 Elements
-90 elements occur naturally
-The periodic table organizes the elements according to how they combine with other elements due to their chemical properties.

-Easiest pattern is increasing atomic number
-Hydrogen is the lightest
-Oganesson is the heaviest

Elements

Periods and Groups

Periods = Rows

Groups = Columns

Organization

A metal is typically shiny, opaque, and a good conductor of heat and electricity as a pure element. Metals are also ductile, which means they can be bent into different shapes without breaking.

Metals are on the left side of the periodic table.

Metals

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Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Solid nonmetals are brittle and appear dull.




Nonmetals are on the right side of the periodic table.

Nonmetals

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The elements on the border between metals and nonmetals are called metalloids.

Sometimes act like metals, sometimes act like nonmetals.

Metalloids

-Group 1

-Soft and silvery in their pure form

-Highly reactive

Alkali Metals

-Group 17

-Tend to be toxic in their pure form

-Highly reactive

-When combined with alkali metals they form salts

Halogens

-Group 18

These elements do not naturally form chemical bonds with other atoms and are almost always found in their pure state.

Not very reactive!

Noble Gases

-Middle of the periodic table

-Usually good conductors of heat and electricity

Transition Metals

Energy Levels

Energy Levels

Periodicity - the repeating pattern of chemical and physical properties of the elements.

Most elements are solid at room temperature

-11 are gases at room temperature

-2 are liquid at room temperature

Room Temperature States

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