The Spanish American War

April-August, 1898
“The Splendid Little War” Sec. of State John Hay

Multiple Choice

Who called the Spanish American War "a splendid little war"?

• Theodore Roosevelt
• William McKinley
• Woodrow Wilson
• John Hay

 The Cuban Rebellion against Spain.

 Desire to control the Caribbean

◦ Future canal project across Central America

 American desire to protect their

investments in Cuba.

 Yellow Journalism intensified public anger

at Spain.

 The explosion of the USS Maine

Multiple Choice

American invested more money in Latin America than in Europe.

• False
• True
• American invested more in Europe than in Asia.
• American invested the same amount in both regions.

Most
Likely
An
Accident

=

Multiple Select

Who was convinced the explosion was not an accident? More then one anwer.

• Asst. Sec of the Navy

• Theodore Roosevelt

• The New York World

• Spanish Government officials

 Sensational reporting in which writers

often exaggerated and even made up
stories to attract readers.

 A result of a newspaper war between

Wm Randolph Hearst’s NY Journal and
Joseph Pulitzer’s NY World

 What do we call this today?

Open Ended

What do we called sensational stories (yellow journalism) today?

 Spain old colony in the Pacific

 We annex them…there is not really a

reason to do it except that the US could.
So they did.

 They were considered the gateway to

China and their markets.

Multiple Choice

What made the Philippines important to American interests?

• The Philippines was primarily known for its agricultural exports to Europe.
• The Philippines was a major source of oil for the United States.
• The Philippines was important for its rich mineral resources and mining opportunities.
• The Philippines was important to American interests due to its strategic location for military and trade operations in the Pacific.

Multiple Choice

What island in the Pacific is still a U.S. territory with a major military base located there.

• American Samoa
• Puerto Rico
• Hawaii
• Guam

Multiple Choice

American Imperialism centered on what island group, annexed in 1898?

• Philippine Islands
• Guam
• Puerto Rico
• Hawaiian Islands

 There is no provision for an EMPIRE in the Constitution.

 Article IV.3 Clause 1 Admissions

 New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but

no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of
any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or
more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the
Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.

 Clause 2 Territory and Other Property

 The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful

Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property
belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution
shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United
States, or of any particular State.

Multiple Choice

According to the Constitution, territories become what?

• States
• Regions
• Districts
• Provinces

 Become territories.

◦ No real intention to make them States
◦ Philippines Fought the U.S. for independence.

 Occupied until after WWII

◦ Puerto Rico is considered a Commonwealth

of the USA
 They are citizens
 Cannot vote or have full membership in Congress

Multiple Choice

People from Puerto Rico are U.S. citizens.

• True

• False

 Spain ceded its longstanding colony of the

Philippines to the United States in the
Treaty of Paris.
◦ On February 4, 1899, just two days before the

U.S. Senate ratified the treaty, fighting broke
out between American forces and Filipino
nationalists

◦ Led by Emilio Aguinaldo
◦ Fought for independence rather than a change

in colonial rulers.

Reorder

Reorder the following

• The U.S.S Maine is blown up and U.S. declares war on Spain.

• Fighting begin between Filipinos and Americans.

• The U.S. signs the Treaty ending the Spanish American War

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

 The ensuing Philippine-American War

three years

 Results

◦ 4,200 Americans died
◦ over 20,000 Filipino combatants.

 As many as 200,000 Filipino civilians died

from violence, famine, and disease.

 Phase 1: Conventional Warfare

 Phase II: Guerilla-the only way a smaller

force can win. (Outlast the other side)

Multiple Choice

Who led the Filipinos Guerilla fighters?

• Emilio Aguinaldo

• Emilio Filipino

• Theodore Roosevelt

• Pancho Villa

 Reasons varied

◦ Morally wrong

 Self-Government and determination

◦ Feared Philippines would have too much

influence.

◦ Opposed McKinley

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Anti-
Imperialist_League

Multiple Choice

All of the following are reason why the Anti-Imperialist League was formed except:

• They didn't like McKinley or his policies.

• They supported the freedom of the Filipino people to self-government

• They wanted America to continue its isolationist tradition

• They believed the markets would be good for American business.

-

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

 Theodore Roosevelt emerges as a hero

and will become a New York’s governor.

Multiple Choice

What was the name to the group Theodore Roosevelt led in Cuba?

• Iron Brigade
• Rough Riders
• Blue Jackets
• Green Berets