Standard 2 Review - Cell Energy

​Standard 2 Basic Review - Cellular Energy

• 2.1 - ATP-ADP Cycle

  • ATP, ADP, structure, energy storage, energy release, ATP-ADP cycle

• 2.2 - Photosynthesis

  • Reactants, products, light reactions, Calvin cycle, diagram

• 2.3 - Cellular Respiration

  • Reactants, products, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC, diagram

• 2.4 Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

  • Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, reactants, products, alcoholic fermentation, lactic acid fermentation

​Describe the Purpose of ATP

ATP is the energy currency used to do work in a cell

• Active Transport

  • Protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis

• Moving organelles

• Muscle contraction

• Making macromolecules

• Bioluminescence

​Compare ATP and ADP

ATP - adenosine triphosphate

• adenine nitrogen base

• ribose sugar

• 3 phosphate groups

• high energy stored between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups

ADP - adenosine diphosphate

• adenine nitrogen base

• ribose sugar

• 2 phosphate groups

• low energy

​

​

Categorize

Options (6)

low energy

high energy

3 phosphates

2 phosphates

adenine

ribose

Compare ATP and ADP

ATP (2)

ADP (2)

BOTH (2)

​Identify the Formulas for Storing and Releasing Energy in ATP

Storing Energy in ATP - add a phosphate to ADP

• ADP + P + Energy from Food > ATP

Releasing Energy from ATP - remove a phosphate from ATP

• ATP > ADP + P + Energy for Cellular Work

​

​

​

​

Dropdown

Storing Energy in ATP → ​

Select answer

​ a phosphate to ​

Select answer

.

Releasing Energy from ATP → ​

Select answer

a phosphate from ​

Select answer

.

Label the ATP Molecule

​

​

ATP

​

​

​

​

Adenine

​Ribose

Phosphate Groups

High-Energy Bond

Labelling

Label the ATP molecule

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

adenine

high-energy bond

ribose sugar

phosphate groups

Label the ATP-ADP Cycle

​

​

​

​

​

​Energy from Food

​Energy for Cellular Work

ATP

ADP

​Phosphate

Labelling

Label the ATP-ADP Cycle

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

ATP

phosphate

Cell Work Energy

Food Energy

ADP

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a molecule of ATP. Which statement correctly explains how energy is released from this molecule for cellular work?

• Energy is released when the bond between the adenine and ribose is broken.

• Energy is released when the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken.

• Energy is released when a third phosphate group is added to the chain.

• Energy is released when the ribose sugar is broken down into glucose.

​Compare Photosynthesis and Respiration

• The purpose of photosynthesis is to store energy in food

  • glucose, sugar, carbohydrates

• Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast

• The purpose of respiration is to store energy in ATP

• Most respiration occurs in the mitochondria

Dropdown

The purpose of photosynthesis is to store energy in ​

Select answer

Photosynthesis occurs in the ​

Select answer

The purpose of respiration is to store energy in ​

Select answer

Most respiration occurs in the ​

Select answer

• 6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

• Carbon dioxide + Water + light energy→ Glucose + Oxygen

​Identify the Formula for Photosynthesis

Match

Match the molecules to their formulas.

• CO2

• H2O

• C6H12O6

• O2

carbon dioxide

water

glucose

oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• water

• glucose

• oxygen

Reorder

Place the photosynthesis formula in order:

• carbon dioxide +

• water +

• light energy →

• glucose +

• oxygen

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

​Identify the Reactants and Product for Photosynthesis

Reactants

• Carbon Dioxide CO₂

• Water H₂0

• Light Energy

Products

• Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆

  • Sugar/Carbohydrates

• Oxygen O₂

Categorize

Options (5)

glucose

oxygen

carbon dioxide

water

light energy

Choose the reactants and products of photosynthesis.

Reactants (3)

Products (2)

​Order and Compare the Stages of Photosynthesis

Light Reactions

• light dependent reactions

• Light energy used to split water, release oxygen, and create energy carriers ATP & NADPH

Calvin Cycle

• light independent reactions

• Energy carriers ATP and NADPH convert carbon dioxide into glucose

Reorder

Place the stages of photosynthesis in order (start with light).

• light energy

• light reactions

• Calvin cycle

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Dropdown

The Light Reactions are also know as the ​

Select answer

.

The Calvin Cycle is also known as ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

In the Light Reactions, ​

Select answer

used to split water.

In the Calvin Cycle, ​

Select answer

are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Dropdown

In the Light Reactions, ​

Select answer

.

In the Calvin Cycle, ​

Select answer

.

​Label the Photosynthesis Diagram

​Light Energy

Water

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose

Light
Reactions

Calvin
Cycle

​ATP
NADPH

Labelling

Label the Photosynthesis diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

glucose

LIGHT REACTIONS

oxygen

carbon dioxide

CALVIN CYCLE

water

light energy

​Compare Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration

• requires oxygen

• starts in cytoplasm, finishes in the mitochondria

Reactants

• Glucose and Oxygen

Products

• 36 ATP

• Carbon Dioxide

• Water

Anaerobic Respiration

• fermentation

• does not require oxygen

• only in cytoplasm

Reactants

• Glucose

Products

• 2 ATP

• Carbon Dioxide and Alcohol or

• Lactic Acid

​The Purpose of Cellular Respiration is to Store Energy in ATP

Categorize

Options (6)

reactant is glucose

does not use oxygen

uses oxygen

makes 36 ATP

makes 2 ATP

fermentation

Compare Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration (2)

Anaerobic Respiration ()

BOTH (1)

Drag and Drop

A sprinter is running a race and their muscle cells run out of oxygen. To continue producing energy, the cells switch to ​

Placeholder

respiration. This process produces ​

Placeholder

as a waste product, which can cause muscle burning.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

anaerobic

lactic acid

alcohol

aerobic

​Identify the Formulas for Aerobic Cellular Respiration

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + 36 ATP

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + ATP energy

Reorder

Place the aerobic respiration formula in order:

• glucose +

• oxygen →

• carbon dioxide +

• water +

• ATP energy

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

​Identify the Reactants and Product for Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Reactants

• Glucose - C₆H₁₂O₆

• Oxygen - O₂

Products

• Carbon Dioxide - CO₂

• Water - H₂0

• ATP energy

Categorize

Options (5)

glucose

oxygen

carbon dioxide

water

ATP

Choose the reactants and products of aerobic cellular respiration.

Reactants (2)

Products (3)

​Order and Compare the Stages of Aerobic Respiration

Glycolysis

• splitting sugar

• Glucose is split

• makes 2 ATP, Pyruvate, and NADH

• in the cytoplasm

ETC

• electron transport chain

• oxygen is used

• energy from NADH, FADH2 is used

• makes 34 ATP

• in the mitochondria

​Glycolysis > Krebs Cycle > ETC (electron transport chain)

Krebs Cycle

• citric acid cycle

• Pyruvate is broken down

• makes 2 ATP

• makes energy carriers NADH & FADH₂

• in the mitochondria

Reorder

Place the stages of aerobic respiration in order.

• Glycolysis

• Krebs Cycle

• ETC

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Categorize

Options (7)

does not uses oxygen

glucose is reactant

pyruvate is reactant

oxygen is used

makes 34 ATP

occurs in the cytoplasm

powered by energy carriers from the other stages

Compare the Stages of Aerobic Respiration

Glycolysis (3)

Krebs Cycle (1)

ETC (3)

​Label the Aerobic Respiration Diagram

Water
​H₂O

GLYCOLYSIS

KREBS
CYCLE

ETC

​2 ATP

​2 ATP

​34 ATP

Oxygen
O₂​

​Glucose

​NADH
FADH₂

​

Carbon Dioxide
​CO₂

​Pyruvate
Pyruvic Acid

Labelling

Label the Aerobic Respiration Diagram

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

2 ATP (Kr.)

KREBS

ETC

2 ATP (Gly.)

GLYCOLYSIS

34 ATP

glucose

​Compare Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation

• Plants and Yeast

• Does not use oxygen

Reactant

• Glucose

Products

• 2 ATP

• Carbon Dioxide

  • breads rise

• Alcohol

  • alcoholic drinks, fuel

Lactic Acid Fermentation

• Animals and Bacteria

• Does not use oxygen

Reactant

• Glucose

Products

• 2 ATP

• Lactic Acid

  • fermented food products like yogurt, pickles, sour cream, some cheeses

  • burning feeling in muscles

Dropdown

The alcohol produced by alcoholic fermentation is also known as ​

Select answer

.

The lactic acid produced by lactic acid fermentation is also known as ​

Select answer

.

Categorize

Options (8)

does not use oxygen

makes 2 ATP

one product is lactic acid (lactate)

one product is carbon dioxide

one product is alcohol

can occur in plants and yeast

can occur in animals and bacteria

reactant is glucose

Compare the kinds of Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation (3)

Lactic Acid Fermentation (2)

BOTH (3)

Drag and Drop

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interconnected processes. The ​

Placeholder

produced by chloroplasts during photosynthesis are used as the ​

Placeholder

for cellular respiration in the mitochondria.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

glucose and oxygen

reactants

carbon dioxide and water

products

​PRACTICE
Questions

Multiple Choice

A molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups.

Why are these three phosphate groups important to living organisms?

• Releasing a phosphate group from ATP releases energy that can be used by a cell

• Adding a phosphate group to ATP stores additional energy needed by a cell

• Adding a phosphate group to ATP releases energy that can be used by a cell

• Storing energy in these three groups is very stable for long term use

Hotspot

Click the high-energy bond in the ATP diagram.

Labelling

Label the ATP-ADP Cycle

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

ADP

Food Energy

Cell Work Energy

phosphate

ATP

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true about photosynthesis?

• Photosynthesis uses oxygen and water to produce glucose and carbon dioxide

• Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and oxygen to produce glucose and water

• Photosynthesis uses glucose and water to produce oxygen and carbon dioxide

• Photosynthesis uses water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true about cellular respiration?

• It produces glucose, which provides energy for the cell.

• It produces ATP, which stores energy that is used by the cell.

• It produces carbon dioxide, which combines with hydrogen to form sugar.

• It produces oxygen, which combines with hydrogen to prevent cell poisoning.

Multiple Choice

Which process is correctly aligned with the organelle in which it occurs?

• photosynthesis: chloroplast/ respiration: mitochondria

• photosynthesis: mitochondria/ respiration: chloroplast

• photosynthesis: ribosome/ respiration: mitochondria

• photosynthesis: chloroplast/ respiration: ribosome

Multiple Choice

What are the products of photosynthesis?

• carbon dioxide and water

• oxygen and water

• carbon dioxide and sugars

• oxygen and glucose

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows how a plant interfaces with its environment in various ways. Which series of steps in the diagram best represents photosynthesis?

• A + B → C + D + E

• C + D + E → A + B

• B + C + E → A + D

• B + D + E → A + C

Match

Match the reactants and products of photosynthesis

• reactants

• products

• energy source

carbon dioxide, water

glucose, oxygen

light

• carbon dioxide, water

• glucose, oxygen

• light

Labelling

Label the reactants and products of photosynthesis in the diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

glucose

oxygen

carbon dioxide

water

light energy

Labelling

Label the stages of photosynthesis in the diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

light reactions

calvin cycle

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes how aerobic and anaerobic respiration are different?

• Aerobic respiration requires energy, but anaerobic respiration doesn’t

• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, but anaerobic respiration doesn’t

• Anaerobic respiration requires oxygen, but aerobic respiration doesn’t

• Anaerobic respiration requires energy, but aerobic respiration doesn’t

Multiple Choice

Study the diagram.

Which process is represented by the question mark?

• photosynthesis

• fermentation

• aerobic respiration

• chemosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Compare the energy formed by of anaerobic respiration (fermentation) to that of aerobic respiration?

• Aerobic respiration results in less energy.

• Aerobic respiration results in more energy.

• Each process results in equal amounts of energy.

• Each process results in variable amounts of energy.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true about aerobic cellular respiration?

• Aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen and glucose to produce water and carbon dioxide

• Aerobic cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and oxygen to produce glucose and water

• Aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose and water to produce oxygen and carbon dioxide

• Aerobic cellular respiration uses water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen

Labelling

Label the stages aerobic respiration in the diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

GLYCOLYSIS

KREBS

ETC

Labelling

Label the reactants and products of aerobic respiration in the diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

34 ATP

2 ATP

glucose

Drag and Drop

A student sets up an investigation using four sealed test tubes containing water and bromothymol blue (an indicator that turns yellow in the presence of carbon dioxide and blue in the presence of oxygen).

Tube A: Water + Indicator (Control)

Tube B: Water + Indicator + Snail

Tube C: Water + Indicator + Elodea (Aquatic Plant)

Tube D: Water + Indicator + Snail + Elodea

The student places all tubes under a bright light for 24 hours.

In Tube B (Snail only), the water will turn yellow because the snail performs ​

Placeholder

and releases carbon dioxide. In Tube C (Plant only), the water will remain blue because the plant performs ​

Placeholder

and consumes the carbon dioxide dissolved in the water. In Tube D, the snail and plant will cycle gases, demonstrating that the products of the chloroplast are the ​

Placeholder

of the mitochondria.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

cellular respiration

photosynthesis

reactants

products

Multiple Choice

A student investigates muscle fatigue by measuring the concentration of lactic acid in the blood of an athlete during a 10-minute exercise session. The data is shown in the graph below.

Based on the trends in the graph, which statement best explains the cellular process occurring between minute 2 and minute 5?

• he muscle cells had sufficient oxygen and produced large amounts of ATP through the Krebs cycle.

• The muscle cells ran out of glucose and began breaking down lipids for energy.

• The muscle cells experienced an oxygen deficit and switched to anaerobic respiration to produce ATP.

• The muscle cells stopped producing ATP entirely, causing the lactic acid to accumulate as a waste product.