Holt Ch 11

Open Ended

Why is understanding the behavior of gases important in everyday life and scientific research?

Multiple Choice

Match the following pressure units with their correct definitions: (a) Pascal (b) Millimeter of mercury (c) Atmosphere (d) Torr

• a- SI pressure unit, b- pressure that supports a 1 mm mercury column, c- average atmospheric pressure at sea level and 0°C, d- 1 torr = 1 mm Hg

• a- pressure that supports a 1 mm mercury column, b- SI pressure unit, c- 1 torr = 1 mm Hg, d- average atmospheric pressure at sea level and 0°C

• a- 1 torr = 1 mm Hg, b- average atmospheric pressure at sea level and 0°C, c- SI pressure unit, d- pressure that supports a 1 mm mercury column

• a- average atmospheric pressure at sea level and 0°C, b- SI pressure unit, c- pressure that supports a 1 mm mercury column, d- 1 torr = 1 mm Hg

Multiple Choice

Which equation correctly represents Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures as used in the sample problem?

• P_atm = P_O2 + P_H2O

• P_O2 = P_atm + P_H2O

• P_atm = P_O2 - P_H2O

• P_O2 = P_H2O - P_atm

Multiple Select

Which of the following are equivalent to 1 atmosphere of pressure?

• 760 mm Hg

• 1.01325 x 10^5 Pa

• 101.325 kPa

• 1 torr

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a gas that is a compound?

• Oxygen (O2)

• Nitrogen (N2)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

• Argon (Ar)

Multiple Choice

A person with a mass of 51 kg exerts a force on the ground. If gravity is 9.8 m/s², what is the force exerted by the person?

• 500 N

• 51 N

• 9.8 N

• 510 N

Fill in the Blank

What is the SI unit for force, and how is it defined?

Open Ended

Explain how the pressure exerted by a gas is related to the number of molecular collisions, volume, and temperature.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best defines pressure in the context of gases?

• The force per unit area on a surface

• The total force exerted by a gas

• The volume occupied by a gas

• The temperature of a gas

Multiple Select

Select all the statements that are correct about the relationship between pressure, force, and area.

• Pressure increases as force increases, if area is constant.

• Pressure increases as area decreases, if force is constant.

• Pressure decreases as force increases, if area is constant.

• Pressure increases as area increases, if force is constant.

Open Ended

What device is used to measure atmospheric pressure, and who introduced it?

Multiple Choice

Why did Torricelli use mercury instead of water to measure atmospheric pressure?

• Because mercury is less dense than water

• Because mercury is more colorful than water

• Because mercury is about 14 times as dense as water, so the column needed is much shorter

• Because mercury is easier to find than water

Open Ended

Explain how the unit 'torr' is related to the measurement of pressure and its historical significance.

Fill in the Blank

One ___ is defined as the pressure exerted by a force of one newton acting on an area of one square meter.

Open Ended

Describe the steps and conversion factors needed to convert atmospheric pressure from atm to both mm Hg and kPa, using the example of 0.830 atm.

Multiple Choice

What is the value of 0.830 atm in kPa?

• 101.325 kPa

• 84.1 kPa

• 760 kPa

• 631 kPa

Multiple Choice

According to Dalton’s law of partial pressures, what is the total pressure of a gas mixture equal to?

• The sum of the partial pressures of the component gases

• The product of the partial pressures of the component gases

• The difference between the highest and lowest partial pressures

• The average of the partial pressures of the component gases

Fill in the Blank

The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its ___ pressure.

Open Ended

Explain how Dalton’s law of partial pressures can be applied to calculate the pressure of a gas collected over water in a laboratory experiment.

Open Ended

Describe the process and reasoning behind collecting a gas over water and how the presence of water vapor affects the measurement of the gas’s pressure.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are necessary to determine the partial pressure of a gas collected over water?

• The atmospheric pressure

• The temperature of the water

• The volume of the gas collected

• The vapor pressure of water

Multiple Choice

What is the partial pressure of oxygen (P_O2) if the atmospheric pressure (P_atm) is 731.0 torr and the vapor pressure of water (P_H2O) at 20.0°C is 17.5 torr?

• 713.5 torr

• 748.5 torr

• 713.0 torr

• 731.0 torr

Multiple Choice

According to the objectives, which laws are used to calculate changes in gas properties at constant temperature, constant pressure, and constant volume?

• Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law

• Boyle's Law, Avogadro's Law, Charles's Law

• Charles's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Avogadro's Law

• Boyle's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Dalton's Law

Fill in the Blank

Doubling the pressure on a sample of gas at constant temperature reduces its volume by ___.

Open Ended

Explain how the kinetic-molecular theory accounts for the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle's Law.

Open Ended

After learning about gases and pressure, what is one question you still have or something you would like to know more about?