Lesson 4.5 : Common Injuries & Disorders of the Skeletal System

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a consequence of osteoporosis?

• Increased bone density

• Decreased risk of fractures

• Weakening of bones

• Improved joint flexibility

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand common injuries and disorders of the skeletal system?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a common bone injury?

• Fractures

• Avulsions

• Epiphyseal injuries

• Osteoporosis

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about avulsion fractures are correct?

• They occur when a tendon or ligament pulls away from its attachment to a bone.

• They always involve the breaking of the entire bone.

• They can be caused by explosive throwing and jumping movements.

• They often result in a small chip of bone being pulled away.

Open Ended

Explain how avulsion fractures occur and provide an example of an activity that might cause this type of injury.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are common symptoms of a bone fracture?

• Swelling and tenderness

• Bruising and deformity

• Bone protruding through the skin

• Muscle cramps

Open Ended

Describe the typical symptoms and diagnostic methods for fractures.

Multiple Choice

Which type of fracture occurs when the bone ends remain within the surrounding soft tissues?

• Simple fracture

• Compound fracture

• Comminuted fracture

• Greenstick fracture

Multiple Select

Which of the following are types of fractures depicted in the diagrams?

• Simple

• Compound

• Greenstick

• Comminuted

Open Ended

Explain why greenstick fractures are more common in children than in adults.

Multiple Choice

What is a common symptom of a simple fracture?

• Swelling and tenderness around the fracture site

• Bleeding and extreme pain

• Bone fragment protruding through the skin

• Complete immobilization of the fracture

Multiple Choice

A spiral fracture is caused by which of the following mechanisms?

• Twisting a bone excessively

• Direct impact to the bone

• Bone ends protruding through the skin

• Incomplete break on the convex surface

Open Ended

Explain the process by which bone responds to stress-related injury and how overuse can lead to stress fractures.

Multiple Select

Select all the sports in which athletes are particularly prone to stress fractures.

• Soccer

• Basketball

• Swimming

• Tennis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a common cause of stress fractures in athletes?

• Sudden increase in activity

• Consuming high calcium diet

• Wearing supportive shoes

• Decreased physical activity

Multiple Choice

Which bones are most commonly affected by stress fractures in runners and athletes?

• Tibia and metatarsals

• Femur and humerus

• Radius and ulna

• Pelvis and scapula

Open Ended

What is an apophysis, and why are injuries to this area significant in young athletes?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the function of the apophysis in relation to the quadriceps muscle group?

• It is the site where the quadriceps attaches to the tibia through a tendon.

• It is the main site of bone growth in the femur.

• It is responsible for nerve conduction in the thigh.

• It is the attachment site for the hamstring muscles.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are primary symptoms and diagnostic methods for osteochondrosis?

• Painful swelling at the muscle attachment site and confirmation by X-ray

• Loss of appetite and confusion, confirmed by blood test

• Muscle weakness and confirmed by MRI

• Shortness of breath and confirmed by ECG

Open Ended

Explain why adolescent athletes are at higher risk for developing epiphyseal injuries such as osteochondrosis.

Open Ended

Describe how the skeletal, endocrine, digestive, and urinary systems work together to maintain calcium homeostasis in the body.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are possible effects of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia?

• Hypocalcemia can cause brittle bones and poor tooth health; hypercalcemia can cause slowed reflexes and confusion.

• Hypocalcemia improves muscle strength; hypercalcemia increases appetite.

• Hypocalcemia causes increased bone density; hypercalcemia causes rapid heartbeat.

• Hypocalcemia leads to high blood pressure; hypercalcemia causes excessive sweating.

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson about common injuries and disorders of the skeletal system, what is one new thing you learned that you found most interesting or important?