The Science of Public Health

Epidemiology is _________.

• likelihood that agent or pathogen can be transmitted to another person
• the study of patterns, causes, and effects of diseases/health conditions in a population
• health determinants that contribute to possible development of disease or condition or decrease one’s wellbeing
• health determinants that protect against the possible development of disease or condition

Which part of the epi triangle relates to a physical, chemical, or biological element that can cause illness or injury

• Host

• Agent

• Environment

_____ is generalized resistance to a disease in a population because most of the population is immune to a specific disease/condition.

• Herd immunity
• Protective factor
• Passive immunity
• Active immunity

_____ is a health determinant that keeps a person safe from an illness and/or assists in improving health.

• Immunity
• Risk factor
• Vaccine
• Protective factor

_____ is the number of people who develop a disease or condition over a certain period of time (new cases).

• Incidence
• Prevalence
• Morbidity
• Mortality

_____ is a measure of the frequency of an event or diagnosis in a defined population within a given time period.

• Frequency
• Ratio
• Proportion
• Rate

How would you interpret the relative risk value of 20?

• Risk in exposed = Risk in non-exposed (no relationship)
• Risk in exposed > Risk in non-exposed (positive relationship)
• Risk in exposed < Risk in non-exposed (negative relationship)
• Unable to determine, not enough information

_____ is an increased number of cases than expected in a specific region.

• Endemic
• Pandemic
• Epidemic
• Outbreak

Epidemiologists want to determine what food item has cause family members, who attended a BBQ party, to be sick (gastroenteritis). They suspect it may be the potato salad. They decide to divide the family members into 2 groups to examine retrospectively their risk factors: those who have gastroenteritis and those who do not have it. What type of study design are they using?

• Cohort

• Ecological

• Case-control

• Experimental