DNA Structure & Function

Which statements best describe the relationship between the terms: chromosomes, genes, and nuclei?

• Chromosomes are found on genes, Genes are found in the nucleus

• Chromosomes are found in the nucleus, the nucleus is found in genes

• Genes are found on chromosomes, Chromosomes are found in the nucleus

The diagram represents a section of a molecule that carries genetic information. The pattern of colors represents

• a sequence of paired bases

• the order of proteins in a gene

• a gene of RNA

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Three structures are represented in the diagram. What is the relationship between these three structures?

• DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell

• Proteins are composed of DNA that is stored in the cell

• DNA controls the production of proteins in the cell

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

If 15% of a DNA sample is made of thymine (T), what percentage of the sample is made of cytosine, C?

• 15%

• 35%

• 70%

• 85%

Mustard gas is a weapon of chemical warfare. Mustard gas removes Guanine (G) from DNA. For developing embryos, exposure to mustard gas can cause serious deformities because Guanine

• stores the building blocks of proteins

• supports the structure of ribosomes

• produces energy for genetic transfer

• is part of the genetic code

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which biomolecules "serve many structural and functional purposes" for an organism?

• Proteins

• Starches

• Fats

• Chromosomes

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What determines the kind of genes an organism possesses?

• type of amino acids in the cells of the organism

• the sequence of the subunits A, T, C, G in the DNA of the organism

• the shape of the protein molecules in the organelles of the organism

• the size of the simple sugar molecules in the organs of the organism

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In the diagram, strands 1 and 2 represent halves of a DNA molecule. If Strand 1 has a base order of G, T, G, A, A. Strand 2 would include

• CACTT

• GTGAA

• ACATT

• TATCC

If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of Cytosine (C), which two bases would represent 30% of the DNA sample?

• Guanine (G) & Adenine (A)

• Thymine (T) & Guanine (G)

• Adenine (A) & Thymine (T)

What is the role of RNA in an organism?

• RNA stores the genetic code in the nucleus

• RNA is used to create specific proteins using Ribosomes

• RNA passes on genetic information to offspring in sex cells

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1