Developmental_T4

A recent television documentary concluded that, from birth, girls are more nurturing than are boys. Daniel agrees with this because he believes nurturing is an evolutionary trait passed on through the generations, because females needed to be more nurturing to aid the survival of the species. Daniel's view reflects the _____ perspective of development.

• ideological

• ethological

• clinical

• theological

Nellie, age 3, bangs her head against the wall repeatedly throughout the day. How could Skinner's concept of operant conditioning be applied to address this behavior?

• reward Nellie when she does not bang her head and punish the head-banging behavior

• investigate her psychosocial environment and eliminate stressors

• explore experiences from Nellie's early childhood and address them in therapy

• test Nellie to determine her current level of cognitive functioning

According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, a person's family, peers, school, and neighborhood constitute his or her

• chronosystem.

• mesosystem.

• macrosystem.

• microsystem.

The _____ involves relations between microsystems or connections between contexts.

• mesosystem

• macrosystem

• chronosystem

• metasystem

Which of Urie Bronfenbrenner's environmental systems consists of the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course, as well as sociohistorical circumstances?

• the mesosystem

• the chronosystem

• the exosystem

• the macrosystem

Flevy, a marketing researcher, is conducting an extensive market study and has hired a big group of college students to hand out a standard set of questions to shoppers at malls and supermarkets and to seek their responses. Which of the following methods of data collection is Flevy using?

• naturalistic observation

• physiological measures

• surveys

• laboratory research

Cynthia is conducting a survey on the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in her city. Which of the following problems is she likely to encounter while using this method of data collection?

• the assumption that surveys have to be conducted only in person

• the assumption that a person's behavior is consistent and stable

• the fact that some participants may not tell the truth and will instead give socially acceptable answers

• the inability to sample a large number of people

Which of the following is among the criticisms of standardized tests?

• They allow a person's performance to be compared with that of other individuals.

• They are difficult to design

• They assume a person's behavior is consistent and stable.

• They provide information about individual differences among people.

Ariel wants to describe the strength of the relationship between the number of airplane companies in the world and global warming. Which of the following kinds of research is Ariel most likely to perform?

• collaborative

• discrete

• correlational

• descriptive

Dr. Jackson's research has found that the correlation between IQ and head circumference is +.10. From this information, we can conclude that

• people with large heads have a higher IQ than people with small heads.

• head circumference is an important predictor of IQ.

• people with small heads tend to have a higher IQ than people with large heads.

• there is a weak relationship between head size and IQ.