Pathogens

• include all disease-causing organisms.

• include only bacteria and viruses.

• are anything causing death and disease including toxic chemicals.

• are those disease causing agents for which medicines do not exist.

The chemical responsible for more problems in embryonic development than any other is

• benzene

• thalidomide

• alcohol

• DDT.

Toxins are problematic because by definition they are

• flammable.

• irritants.

• poisonous.

• harmful at low doses.

• poisonous and harmful at low doses.

An interaction between substances which exacerbates their effects is known as

• complex amalgamation.

• synergism.

• sympatric interconnectivity.

• None of these choices are correct

The World Health Organization regards health as primarily a matter of ________ well-being.

• Physical

• Mental and physical

• Social and mental

• Physical, mental, and social

• Physical and social

Diseases usually develop in response to _______ factors.

• Nutritional and diet

• Infectious or toxic

• Physical

• Psychological stress

• All of these are correct

Morbidity is another word for

• Death

• Health

• Unhappiness

• Illness

• Emergent diseases

Health organizations now use the ______________, a tool to ______________________.

• DALY; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die

• DALY; judge the total impact of how many people die

• Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die

• Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of how many people die

• Mortality and Morbidity Measure (3M); judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die

Historically, the greatest threats to human health came from

• Carcinogenic or toxic chemicals

• Psychological stress factors due to crowding

• Pathogenic organisms

• Teratogenic chemicals

• Injuries (intentional and unintentional)

_______________, rather than ______________, are becoming the leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide.

• Chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease; infectious diseases such as malaria

• Infectious diseases such as malaria; chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease

• Traffic deaths; infectious diseases such as malaria

• Chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease; traffic deaths

• Infectious diseases such as malaria; traffic deaths