Forces in Sport

Internal forces are:

• in the form of gravity & air resistance

• generated by the action of skeletal muscles

• generated outside of the body

Which of the following is not an external force which acts on a soccer ball when kicked

• Gravity

• Air resistance

• Muscular force

The following skill would require an application of

• Maximal force

• Submaximal force

• Isometric force

• External forces

Skills using a large amount of muscles to achieve the greatest amount of velocity, distance or power require...

• Maximal force

• Submaximal force

• Isometric force

An isometric force is

• A force applied where muscle length changes

• A force applied where muscle length does not change

An isotonic force is

• A force applied where muscle length changes

• A force applied where muscle length does not change

The type of force summation required for a dart throw is

• Sequential force summation to increase the velocity of release

• Simultaneous force summation to increase the velocity of release

• Sequential force summation to increase the accuracy of the throw

• Simultaneous force summation to increase the accuracy of the throw

Sequential force summation is used to throw a javelin because

• It requires a high degree of accuracy

• It requires maximal velocity at release

• Less body segments are needed to summate force

• Timing of body movements is not important

The diagram represents sequential force summation, which shows

• The athlete should use as few body parts as possible

• Movement should occur from the smaller muscles to the larger muscles

• Body parts should commence movement as the previous body part reaches peak force

• Timing is not important

Force summation when all body parts move at the same time to produce a greater force are

• Simultaneous

• Sequential

• Isometric

• Isotonic