Biology Fall Final Exam 2023

Which of the following is a similarity in the functions of lipids and carbohydrates in living organisms?

• Both provide energy for cell activitites

• Both are encoded in DNA molecules

• Both are made of amino acids subunits

• Both contain many carbon atoms

The diagram below shows a simplified version of the parts of a DNA molecule. Which part of a DNA molecule does structure C represent? 

• deoxyribose sugar

• phosphate group

• hydrogen bonds

• nitrogen base

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A point mutation in the base sequence UACAUGUAA, found at the end of a transcribed gene, may not affect the protein made by the gene. 

Which of these possible mutant strands of mRNA would cause the greatest change in the gene's expression of the sequence above?

• UAUAUGUAA

• UACAUGUGA

• UACAUCUAA

• UACAUGUCA

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which of these characteristics do the kingdoms of plants and animals have in common? 

• prokaryotic cells and organelles

• Eukaryotic cells and multicellular

• Cell walls with cellulose

• photosynthetic cells with chlorophyll

An animal had several tentacles and a hard shell covering most of its body. According to the key, to which group of invertebrates does the animal found in the net most likely belong? 

• Crustaceans

• Cnidarians

• Mollusks

• Echinoderms

The regulation of body temperature in human is complex. Which of these statements describes how two systems interact to regulate body temperature? 

• Sensory receptors in the skin signal the hypothalamus to prompt increased sweat production by glands in the skin

• The hypothalamus acts as a thermostat by receiving and sending nerve signals through neurons

• Motor neurons that receive signals from sensory neurons signal a hand to withdraw from contact with a hot object

• The contraction of muscles during exercise increases the rate of cellular respiration and warms the muscles

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NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Which statement correctly describes one way that cellular respiration and photosynthesis differ?

• cellular respiration requires light energy, while photosynthesis requires chemical energy

• cellular respiration produces oxygen gas, while photosynthesis uses oxygen gas

• cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide gas, while photosynthesis uses oxygen gas

• cellular respiration requires chemical energy, while photosynthesis requires light energy

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A key factor in the survival of a species is the ability of its individuals to produce offspring that also reproduce. Which individual is most likely to have the most successful offspring in a changing environment? 

• an animal with a lot of genetic variation and the ability to produce fewer than ten offspring in its life

• an animal with a little genetic variation and the ability to produce about ten offspring in its life

• a plant with little genetic variation and the ability to produce a dozen seeds in its life

• plant with a lot of genetic variation and the ability to produce thousands of seeds every year

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

9. Homologous body parts are inherited characteristics, which means they are encoded in DNA. The diagram below shows the homologous bones in the forelimbs of four familiar vertebrates. 

Which observation about the bones is evidence that these vertebrates have a common ancestor? 

• the differences in their sizes

• the differences in their shapes

• the similarity in their functions

• the similarity in their arrangement and shape

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

In rabbits, the allele for black eyes (B) is dominant to the allele for red eyes (b). What percentage of offspring from all mattings of a black-eyed rabbit with a red-eyed rabbit will have red eyes if the black-eyed rabbit is heterozygous for the trait? 

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3