Intermolecular forces

Intramolecular forces occur between molecules.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Intramolecular forces, that occur inside the molecules. Intermolecular forces exist between molecules.

Water is a polar molecule.

• True

• False

The image illustrates a(an):

• Polar Covalent bond

• Non-polar Covalent Bond

• dipole-dipole attraction

• Ionic Bond

Answer explanation

In the liquid, the dipoles find the best compromise between attraction and repulsion, as shown here.

Dipole-dipole forces are as strong as ionic bonds.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Dipole–dipole forces are typically only about 1% as strong as covalent or ionic bonds, and they become weaker as the distance between the dipoles increases.

Is NOT a factor that accounts for the strength in hydrogen bonding:

• great polarity of the bond

• close approach of the dipoles

• quantity of electrons shared in the bond

Is a physical property of water related to the hydrogen bonding forces between the H2O molecules:

• can be mixed with oil

• low density

• good conductor of electricity

• high boiling point

Answer explanation

An unusually large quantity of energy is required to overcome strong hydrogen bonding forces and separate the molecules to produce the gaseous state.

Water molecules tend to remain together in the liquid state even at relatively high temperatures, hence the very high boiling point of water.

Unusually strong dipole-dipole attractions are called:

• Polar Covalent Bond

• Hydrogen bonding

• Ionic Bond

• London Dispersion Forces

Forces that exist among noble gas atoms and nonpolar molecules.

• London dispersion Forces

• Ionic Bonds

• Dipole-dipole forces

• Hydrogen Bonding forces

The illustration represents a:

• Covalent Bond

• Hydrogen bonding

• London Dispersion Forces

• Dipole-dipole bonding

Answer explanation

Atoms can develop a temporary dipolar arrangement of charge as the electrons move around the nucleus. This instantaneous dipole can then induce a similar dipole in a neighboring atom.

London forces become more significant as the sizes of atoms or molecules decrease.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

London forces become more significant as the sizes of atoms or molecules increase.

Larger size means there are more electrons available to form the dipoles.