8. Behaviorial Psychotherapy

•GOALS OF BEHAVIORAL THERPAY

• •Aimed at modifying overt, maladaptive behaviors.

• •Addresses client’s current problems by dealing with the learned habits and contemporary environmental forces that maintain them.

• •Emphasis on empiricism

  •Empirical data and testable hypotheses

• •Measuring change observably

• •Experimental evaluation of treatment.

•Assess the client’s problem/behavior through observation, interview, and testing

•Identify the target behavior/problem

•Establish a baseline level of target behavior

• 1- Observing a phenomenon

• 2- Develop hypotheses to explain the phenomenon

• 3- Testing the hypotheses through experimentation

• 4- Observing the outcome of the tests

• 5- Revise the hypotheses

•Functional analysis of target behavior to determine the causal or influential factors

Event Behavior Consequence

•Establish specific behavioral goals for treatment

•Planning interventions to alter behavior in the preferred manner

• 1- Observing a phenomenon

• 2- Develop hypotheses to explain the phenomenon

• 3- Testing the hypotheses through experimentation

• 4- Observing the outcome of the tests

• 5- Revise the hypotheses

•Implement interventions as planned

• 1- Observing a phenomenon

• 2- Develop hypotheses to explain the phenomenon

• 3- Testing the hypotheses through experimentation

• 4- Observing the outcome of the tests

• 5- Revise the hypotheses

•Collect data on changes in target behavior

•Compare data collected during or after treatment to baseline data

•Compare data to goals

• 1- Observing a phenomenon

• 2- Develop hypotheses to explain the phenomenon

• 3- Testing the hypotheses through experimentation

• 4- Observing the outcome of the tests

• 5- Revise the hypotheses

•Modify treatment plan as suggested by observed outcomes

•Restart the scientific process with revised hypotheses

• 1- Observing a phenomenon

• 2- Develop hypotheses to explain the phenomenon

• 3- Testing the hypotheses through experimentation

• 4- Observing the outcome of the tests

• 5- Revise the hypotheses

•(Respondent Learning)

•Emphasizes on the association of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

• 1). Classical Conditioning

• 2). Operant Conditioning

• B.F. Skinner

• Functional Analysis: focuses on describing and explaining functional relationships among stimuli, responses, and consequences.

• 1). Classical Conditioning

• 2). Operant Conditioning

•Exposed to the most anxiety-provoking stimulus for an extended period of time

•Rationale: Extinction

•CLIENT EXPOSED TO ANXIETY INDUCING STIMULI GRADUALLY (GRADED) OR ALL AT ONCE.

• Exposure Therapy/Techniques

• Systematic Desensitization

• Assertiveness Training

•TWO TYPES OF EXPOSURES

• •IMAGINAL EXPOSURE

• •IN VIVO EXPOSURE

• •Flooding is often done in vivo (real life), implosion is mostly done in imagery.