7.2 Cause & Effect of Global Change

Scientists have observed a gradual increase in temperatures in locations all

across Earth, an event often called

• (climate change

• global warming

• carbon

  capture

• energy waste

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The increase in temperature is one aspect of____________________ a long-term

change in weather patterns.

• global

  warming

• carbon capture

• climate change

• weather decay

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Human activities have altered many natural environments by __________.

• monoculture

• pollutants

• invasives species

• ozone layer

• deforestation

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Other human activities have added many __________ to the atmosphere, some

of which cause an ugly haze called __________ or damage the protective

__________.

• monoculture, pollutants,smog,

• smog, pollutants, monoculture

• ozone layer, invasive species, monoculture

• pollutants, smog, ozone layer

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A consequence of global transportation has been the spread of

__________ that outcompete or prey on native species.

• invasive species

• ozone layer,

• smog,

• pollutants,

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The six icons shown here are part of a model for understanding global

change. What does the set of icons represent in the model?

• a. human inputs to the global energy budget

• b. human causes of changes to global systems

• c. human activities that are independent of global change

• d. the effects on human society of changes to global systems

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Global climate change is the result of increasing levels of carbon dioxide,

methane, and other greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere. How are the

causes of ocean acidification and climate change related to one another?

• a. Acids in the ocean decompose to form carbon dioxide, which then diffuses

  into the atmosphere.

• b. Warmer ocean temperatures increase the stability of carbonic acid and other

  acids in the water.

• c. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the atmosphere to the ocean, where it reacts to

  form carbonic acid.

• d. Methane diffuses from the atmosphere to the ocean, where it reacts to form

  methanoic acid.

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The town of Alpine Glen lies at the base of a mountain and next to the

Alpine River. In recent months, the people of the town have noticed that the river

has become much muddier, and that silt deposits have been building up along the river banks.

Which of the following changes to the environment is the most likely cause of the

change to the Alpine River?

• a. Trees were cleared from a mountainside, causing an increase in soil erosion.

• b. Cattle or other livestock were introduced to the mountain, causing an

  increase in soil erosion.

• c. A new dam began operating on the river, causing soil to be added to the

  water.

• d. A new power plant increased the river temperature, causing the erosive force

  of the water to increase.

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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were once commonly used in spray cans

and refrigerators. Which goal is being achieved by bans on these chemicals?

• a. curtailing global climate change

• b. protecting predators from the effects of biomagnification

• c. protecting the ozone layer

• d. curtailing smog in large cities