Pre-AP Biology Ecology Test Questions 17-32

17. 17. The trophic levels in the figure at right illustrate:

• a. the relative amount of energy at each level.

• b. the amount of living organic matter at each level.

• c. the relative number of individual organisms at each level.

• d. that the producers outnumber first-level consumers.

18.Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism's life processes, and the rest is

• a. used in reproduction

• b. stored as body tissue

• c. stored as fat

• d. elimiated as heat

19.Which type of pyramid shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level in an ecosystem?

• a. a numbers pyramid

• b. an energy pyramid

• c. a biomass pyramid

• d. a food pyramid

20. 20. Matter can recycle through the biosphere because

• a. matter is passed out of the body as waste

• b. matter is assembled into chemical compounds

• c. biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it.

• d. biological systems use only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen

21. 21. The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called

• a. the water cycle

• b. the condensation cycle.

• c. precipitation.

• d. evaporation.

22. 22. What is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air to ammonia?

• a. nitrogen fixation

• b. excretion

• c. decomposition

• d. denitrification

23. 23. How is carbon stored in the biosphere?

• a. in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide

• b. underground as fossil fuels and calcium carbonate rock

• c. in the oceans as dissolved carbon dioxide

• d. all of above

24. 24. Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by

• a. humans.

• b. plants.

• c. bacteria.

• d. consumers.

25. 25. Organisms need nutrients in order to

• a. utilize hydrogen and oxygen.

• b. carry out essential life functions.

• c. recycle chemical compounds.

• d. carry out nitrogen fixation

26. 26. What can happen after a lake receives a large input of a limiting nutrient?

• An algal bloom occurs.

• Algae begin to die and decomposers take over.

• Nitrogen compounds are recycled.

• The concentration of oxygen drops below the necessary level.