Distillation: fractional distillation | Starter Quiz | Oak National Academy

A mixture is a substance which is made up from more than one element and/or compound which are ...

• chemically bonded together.

• not chemically bonded together.

• always have the same boiling point.

• always in the same state.

Answer explanation

Mixtures may contain different elements and/or compounds which are not chemically bonded together.

(a)   is the process by which a gas is cooled into a liquid.

Answer explanation

Condensation is the process by which a gas is cooled into a liquid.

Air is an example of ...

• an element.

• a compound.

• a mixture.

Answer explanation

Air is a mixture mainly comprising of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), argon (0.9%) and carbon dioxide (0.04%).

Simple distillation can be used to separate solutions. Order the following processes that occur during simple distillation.

• Heat the mixture.

• Vapour is cooled.

• Distillate is collected.

• The component with lowest boiling point boils.

• Vapour condenses.

Answer explanation

Heat the mixture, the component with the lowest boiling point boils first. Its vapour is then cooled and condenses back into a liquid which it is collected and called the distillate.

In the diagram below, give the letters in order for where forces between the particles are overcome or where they are being reformed.

• c and b

• b and c

• a and b

• c and a

• b and a

Answer explanation

'a' where the mixture is being boiled and so overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles to turn the liquid into a gas/vapour and 'b' where the gas is condensing to a liquid so reforming forces between the particles.