POCM Planning and Organizing

What are the main types of decision making in management?

• The main types of decision making in management are programmed, non-programmed, strategic, tactical, and operational decisions.

• Strategic, analytical, and reactive decisions

• Financial, operational, and tactical decisions

• Routine, emergency, and collaborative decisions

Define programmed decisions and provide an example.

• Deciding on a marketing strategy based on market research

• An example of a programmed decision is approving vacation requests based on established company policy.

• Selecting a project team based on individual skills and experience

• Choosing a supplier based on price and quality

What is the difference between strategic and tactical planning?

• Strategic planning is always short-term and specific.

• Strategic planning is long-term and broad; tactical planning is short-term and specific.

• Strategic planning is only for financial decisions.

• Tactical planning focuses on long-term goals and vision.

Describe the steps involved in the planning process.

• Setting unrealistic goals

• Skipping the implementation phase

• The steps involved in the planning process include defining objectives, gathering information, identifying resources, developing strategies, setting timelines, implementing the plan, monitoring progress, and adjusting as necessary.

• Ignoring resource availability

What are non-programmed decisions and when are they used?

• Non-programmed decisions are made in routine situations with clear guidelines.

• Non-programmed decisions are used in unique and complex situations where established procedures do not exist.

• Non-programmed decisions are always made by a group consensus.

• Non-programmed decisions are used only in financial matters.

What factors should be considered when setting organizational goals?

• Historical performance metrics

• Employee preferences

• Company size and structure

• Alignment with mission, SMART criteria, stakeholder input, resources, market conditions, and risks.

Spans which are too wide _________________

• suggest that managers are being over extended

• suggest that workers are over controlled

• suggest that managers supervise a smaller number of workers

• suggest that workers have lesser autonomy in performing tasks

Employees should report to one manager is called _________________ principle.

• unity of command

• span of management

• authority

• chain of command

The line of authority and responsibility that flow through out an organization is referred to ______________________

• unity of command

• staff authority

• chain of command

• span of management

The authority flows from

• Bottom to top

• Top to Bottom

• In all directions

• None of the above