Management theories

What did Chester Barnard believe was necessary for authority to be understood?

• It must be consistent with the purpose of the organization

• It should be enforced strictly

• It should be based on financial incentives

• It must be imposed by external forces

Who is associated with administrative management in the classical approach?

• Frederick Taylor

• Max Weber

• Mary Parker Follett

• Frank Gilbreth

What is the science of reducing a job or task to its basic physical motions called?

• Time study

• Motion study

• Job analysis

• Task simplification

What did Mary Parker Follett believe about the role of managers and workers?

• They should build labour in harmony

• They should compete for resources

• They should focus on individual success

• They should operate independently

What did the Hawthorne Studies suggest about work behavior?

• It is influenced by financial incentives

• It is influenced by social and psychological forces

• It is determined by technological factors

• It is driven by competition

What did the human resource approaches shift attention towards?

• The human factor

• Technological advancements

• Financial performance

• Environmental sustainability

What is the Hawthorne effect?

• The tendency of people singled out for special attention to perform as expected

• The influence of financial incentives on performance

• The impact of technological advancements on productivity

• The effect of hierarchical structures on employee satisfaction

The classical approach to management assumes that:

• People act rationally and are economically motivated

• Workers prefer unstructured environments

• Organizations function best without rules

• Employee satisfaction is irrelevant

Who is known as the "father of scientific management"?

• Henri Fayol

• Max Weber

• Frederick Taylor

• Elton Mayo

Which of the following is NOT one of Henri Fayol’s five management duties?

• Foresight

• Command

• Creativity

• Coordination