When implementing custom exception handling with `@ControllerAdvice`, what is a common reason to create custom exception classes extending `RuntimeException`?

To represent specific business rule violations or application-specific error conditions in a clear and typed manner.

To ensure all exceptions are checked exceptions.

To provide default error messages for all exceptions.

To automatically log all exceptions to a specific file.

In Logback configuration, what is a "filter" typically used for within an appender?

To make a decision on whether a logging event should be processed by the appender based on criteria like log level, marker, or content.

To route logs to different files based on the logger name.

Which Java API is often used for processing and transforming collections of data, such as filtering or mapping data retrieved from an external API?

Java Stream API (java.util.stream)

Java Collections Framework (java.util)

If an external API requires an API key for authentication, what is a common HTTP header used to transmit this key?

Authorization (e.g., Bearer , or a custom header like X-API-Key)

In API rate limiting, what does it mean to limit requests "per client (IP address or token)"?

The rate limit is applied individually to each unique client identifier, rather than globally for all API traffic.

Only authenticated clients are subject to rate limits.

The API can only be accessed by specific IP addresses.

Each token has a different rate limit.

What is a common strategy for naming cache regions or cache names when using `@Cacheable` with multiple caches?

Use names that reflect the type of data being cached or the purpose of the cache (e.g., "products", "users", "sessionData").

Use the fully qualified class name of the service.

Use a single cache name for the entire application.

When using Spring Cache with Redis, where does Redis store the cached data?

In memory, on the Redis server.

On the application server's disk.

Which Git command is used to create a new branch in your local repository?

git branch (or git checkout -b to create and switch)

In a Dockerfile, what is the `ARG` instruction primarily used for?

To define variables that users can pass at build-time using the `docker build --build-arg = ` command.

To set environment variables that will be available inside the running container.

To define arguments for the `ENTRYPOINT` or `CMD` instructions.

To specify the architecture for which the image is being built.

When using `docker-compose up`, what happens if the Docker images specified in `docker-compose.yml` do not exist locally?

Docker Compose will attempt to pull them from a Docker registry (like Docker Hub) by default.

The command will fail immediately.

Docker Compose will try to build them from a local Dockerfile if present.

It will prompt the user to specify the image location.

What is the primary purpose of the `spring-boot-maven-plugin` (or Gradle equivalent) in a Spring Boot project?

To package the Spring Boot application into an executable JAR or WAR file, including all dependencies and an embedded server.

To manage project dependencies.

In JPA, what is the `@Transient` annotation used for?

To mark a field in an entity class that should not be persisted to the database.

To indicate that an entity is in a temporary state.

To specify a transactional boundary.

To define a transient database connection.

What does the `ResponseEntity.ok()` static method typically build?

An HTTP 200 OK response, often with a body.

An HTTP 500 Internal Server Error response.

In Logback, what is the role of an ` ` within an ` ` configuration?

To transform a logging event into a byte array that can be written out by the appender, often involving a pattern layout.

To filter log messages based on their content.

To specify the character encoding of the log file.

When implementing a search query in Spring Data JPA that involves checking if a string field *contains* a certain substring, what keyword is often used in derived query method names or JPQL?

Containing (or Contains) or LIKE operator in JPQL.

If an external API returns data in XML format, how might you configure `RestTemplate` or `WebClient` to handle it?

By ensuring an appropriate `HttpMessageConverter` for XML (like `Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter` or Jackson XML support) is registered.

XML is handled by default without any special configuration.

By manually parsing the XML string in the service layer.

By converting XML to JSON using an online tool before processing.

When implementing rate limiting using a "token bucket" algorithm, what happens when a request arrives and there are no tokens in the bucket?

The request is typically rejected or delayed until a token becomes available.

A new token is generated immediately.

The bucket size is temporarily increased.

The request is given lower priority.

Which HTTP header is often inspected by a rate limiter to identify unique clients when rate limiting is based on IP address?

The source IP address of the request, often derived from headers like `X-Forwarded-For` if behind a proxy, or the direct connection IP.

In Spring Cache, what is the `keyGenerator` attribute of annotations like `@Cacheable` used for?

To specify the name of a custom `KeyGenerator` bean that will be used to generate cache keys if the default strategy is not suitable.

To generate a random encryption key for the cache.

To define the data type of the cache key.

To list all possible keys for a given cache.

What is the primary benefit of using environment variables for configuration in different deployment environments (dev, test, prod)?

It allows the same application package (e.g., JAR/Docker image) to be used across environments, with behavior customized by environment-specific settings without code changes.

It makes the application run faster.

It simplifies the `application.properties` file.

It automatically encrypts sensitive configuration values.

In a `Dockerfile`, what is the `ENV` instruction used for?

To set environment variables that will be available inside the running container and during subsequent build steps.

To define build-time arguments.

To specify the application's runtime environment (e.g., Java version).

To list environment-specific configuration files.

When `docker-compose` starts multiple services defined in `docker-compose.yml`, how do these services typically discover and communicate with each other?

By using the service names as hostnames, as Docker Compose sets up a default network for the services.

By hardcoding IP addresses of other containers.

Through a central service registry that must be manually configured.

What is the `@SpringBootApplication` annotation in a main Spring Boot class a convenience annotation for?

It combines `@Configuration`, `@EnableAutoConfiguration`, and `@ComponentScan`.

It only enables auto-configuration.

It only defines the class as a configuration source.

In JPA, if an entity has a field that is a collection of other entities (e.g., `@OneToMany List items`), and this field is LAZY loaded, when is the data for `items` typically fetched from the database?

When the `getItems()` method is first called on the parent entity within an active transaction/session.

Immediately when the parent entity is loaded.

Only when the `items` collection is explicitly saved.

Never, it must be populated manually.

What is the purpose of the `ObjectMapper` class in the Jackson library?

To convert Java objects to/from JSON (serialization/deserialization).

To map HTTP requests to controller methods.

To map entity classes to database tables.

What is a "Log Level Threshold Filter" in Logback?

A filter that allows events of a specific level or more severe (e.g., WARN and above) to pass, while blocking less severe events.

A filter that only allows logs from a specific logger.

A filter that blocks logs containing certain keywords.

A filter that limits the number of log messages per second.

When configuring an external API call using `WebClient`, what does the `.retrieve()` method signify?

It indicates that the request is ready to be sent and the response body should be retrieved.

It retrieves a cached response for the request.

It retrieves the configuration for the `WebClient` instance.

It retrieves metadata about the external API endpoint.

What is the primary purpose of using a `Filter` (from `javax.servlet.Filter`) or a Spring `HandlerInterceptor` when implementing cross-cutting concerns like rate limiting or custom authentication?

To intercept requests before they reach the controller (and/or responses after they leave) to apply common logic.

To modify the request body directly.

To manage database transactions for the request.

To define routing rules for incoming requests.

In a Git workflow, what is the "staging area" (or "index") used for?

It's an intermediate area where you prepare and review changes that will be included in the next commit.

It's a backup of your local repository.

It's where committed changes are stored before being pushed to a remote.

It's a shared area for team collaboration.

What is the `EXPOSE` instruction in a `Dockerfile` used for?

To document which ports the application inside the container is listening on; it does not actually publish the port.

To map a container port to a host port.

To open a port in the host's firewall.

To set the default port for the `ENTRYPOINT` command.

Spring 100-150

Authored by Zhannat Akylbek

Other

12th Grade

Used 3+ times

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51 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which Lombok annotation combines @Getter, @Setter, @ToString, @EqualsAndHashCode, and @RequiredArgsConstructor?

@Data

@Compound

@Bean

@EntityComplete

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

When configuring a relational database in `application.properties` for Spring Data JPA, which property specifies the JDBC URL?

spring.datasource.url

spring.jpa.database-url

spring.db.connection-string

spring.jdbc.url

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

In a REST API, which HTTP method is typically used to delete a resource identified by a URI?

DELETE

REMOVE

DROP

ERASE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the role of an `EntityManager` in JPA?

It is an API that manages the lifecycle of entities, including operations like persisting, finding, updating, and removing entities, and querying.

It is a factory for creating database connections.

It is an annotation to define an entity manager bean.

It is a tool for generating entity classes from database tables.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

If you want to ensure a specific field in your JPA entity is not null at the database level, which attribute of the `@Column` annotation would you use?

nullable = false

@NotNull

required = true

optional = false

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

When defining a one-to-one relationship in JPA, which annotation is used on the entity field representing the relationship?

@OneToOne

@SingleJoin

@UniqueAssociation

@ToOne

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the purpose of a "join table" in the context of a many-to-many relationship in relational databases?

To resolve a many-to-many relationship into two one-to-many relationships by having a table that links records from the two related tables.

To store denormalized data for faster reads.

To combine columns from multiple tables into a single view.

To partition a large table into smaller ones.

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Spring 100-150

Which Lombok annotation combines @Getter, @Setter, @ToString, @EqualsAndHashCode, and @RequiredArgsConstructor?

When configuring a relational database in `application.properties` for Spring Data JPA, which property specifies the JDBC URL?

In a REST API, which HTTP method is typically used to delete a resource identified by a URI?

What is the role of an `EntityManager` in JPA?

If you want to ensure a specific field in your JPA entity is not null at the database level, which attribute of the `@Column` annotation would you use?

When defining a one-to-one relationship in JPA, which annotation is used on the entity field representing the relationship?

What is the purpose of a "join table" in the context of a many-to-many relationship in relational databases?

If a REST API needs to accept complex data (e.g., a JSON object) in the request body for creating or updating a resource, which Spring MVC annotation is used on the controller method parameter?

Which Jackson annotation can be used to define different serialization views for an object, allowing selective exposure of fields?

When implementing custom exception handling with `@ControllerAdvice`, what is a common reason to create custom exception classes extending `RuntimeException`?

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