Physical Science Final 2025 Spring

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was added to pure water (H₂O). Which most likelywere the pH values of the water before and after the sodium hydroxide was added to it?

• before = 7, after = 9

• before = 7, after = 4

• before = 4, after = 7

• before = 9, after = 7

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

This table shows the pH values of different solutions. Which ranks the solutions from the strongest to weakest acid?

• W - X - Y - Z

• Y - W - X - Z

• W - X - Z - Y

• Y - Z - X - W

Natalia began to draw a diagram to compare bases and acids. Which label should be written in the area marked X?

• conducts electric current

• produces OH^– ions

• tastes sour

• reacts with carbonates

A solution is oversaturated with solute. Which could be done to decrease the oversaturation?

• dilute the solution

• add more solute

• cool the solution

• add a different solute

The temperature of a solution can change the solubility of a substance. The chart shows the solubility of the same solute at different temperatures in water. Based on the chart, which solution was at the optimal temperature to allow for the greatest solubility?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What is a main difference between a mixture and a pure substance?

• A mixture is only a liquid, but a pure substance can be in any state.

• A mixture looks the same throughout, but a pure substance does not.

• A mixture can vary in composition, but a pure substance has a set composition.

• A mixture can be made up of a single compound, but a pure substance cannot.

Which is a mixture?

• sodium metal

• chlorine gas

• sodium metal and chlorine gas

• sodium chloride (salt) and water

Covalent bonds tend to make atoms more stable by helping them

• fill up their innermost electron shell.

• fill up their outermost electron shell.

• empty out their innermost electron shell.

• empty out their outermost electron shell.

When a hammer strikes a compound formed by covalent bonds, what will most likely happen to the compound?

• It will break into many pieces.

• It will reform into a new shape.

• It will spread out and then return to its original shape.

• It will stay solid and resist the force of the hammer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

This chart lists four elements from the periodic table. Atoms from which two elements would form ionic bonds?

• calcium and gold

• gold and argon

• argon and iodine

• iodine and calcium