Nutrients and Digestion Worksheet

An essential nutrient is a nutrient required for normal body functioning that cannot be synthesized by the body. Which of the following is an example of an essential nutrient?

• Vitamin C

• Glucose

• Cholesterol

• Urea

What is the difference between a micronutrient and a macronutrient? Provide one example of each.

• Micronutrients are needed in small amounts (e.g., vitamins), while macronutrients are needed in large amounts (e.g., carbohydrates).

• Micronutrients are needed in large amounts (e.g., carbohydrates), while macronutrients are needed in small amounts (e.g., vitamins).

• Both micronutrients and macronutrients are needed in equal amounts (e.g., water).

• Micronutrients and macronutrients are both types of minerals.

Which of the following are sources of roughage important in herbivore diets?

• Meat, eggs, and fish

• Grass, hay, and leafy vegetables

• Milk, cheese, and butter

• Sugar, oil, and salt

Which of the following lists four different types of food preparation along with one benefit of each?

• Boiling (retains nutrients), Grilling (adds flavor), Steaming (preserves color), Frying (quick cooking)

• Boiling (removes flavor), Grilling (burns food), Steaming (dries food), Frying (slow cooking)

• Boiling (adds sugar), Grilling (removes nutrients), Steaming (adds fat), Frying (preserves vitamins)

• Boiling (removes vitamins), Grilling (adds water), Steaming (removes minerals), Frying (cools food)

Which of the following best explains the difference between “fresh” and “concentrated” feed, and gives an example of each?

• Fresh feed is unprocessed and given directly to animals, such as grass; concentrated feed is processed and high in nutrients, such as soybean meal.

• Fresh feed is always dry, like hay; concentrated feed is always wet, like silage.

• Fresh feed is only for poultry; concentrated feed is only for cattle.

• Fresh feed is made from grains; concentrated feed is made from fruits.

The primary nutrient difference between tinned food and dried food for animals is:

• Tinned food contains more moisture than dried food.

• Dried food contains more protein than tinned food.

• Tinned food contains more fiber than dried food.

• Dried food contains more fat than tinned food.

Monosaccharides are:

• Simple sugars; e.g., glucose and fructose

• Complex carbohydrates; e.g., starch and cellulose

• Proteins; e.g., hemoglobin and insulin

• Fats; e.g., triglycerides and phospholipids

The type of bond that forms between monosaccharides during a condensation reaction is:

• Peptide bond

• Glycosidic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Ionic bond

State one structural difference between glycogen and cellulose.

• Glycogen is branched, cellulose is unbranched.

• Both are branched.

• Cellulose is branched, glycogen is unbranched.

• Both are unbranched.

The four levels of protein structure are: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. Which of the following correctly describes the primary structure?

• The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

• The folding of the polypeptide into alpha helices and beta sheets

• The overall three-dimensional shape of a single polypeptide chain

• The arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains in a protein