Formation of Solar System RETAKE

Ethan, Abigail, and Hannah are on a space adventure! They spot some planets that are rocky and close to the Sun. What are these planets called? Terrestrial planets are _____________________________.

• Rocky bodies found between Mars and Jupiter.

• Large planets with thick atmospheres, located farther from the Sun.

• Planets that are rocky and closer to the Sun.

• The process by which particles collide and stick together, forming larger bodies.

Answer explanation

Terrestrial planets are defined as planets that are rocky and closer to the Sun, such as Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. This distinguishes them from gas giants, which are larger and located farther from the Sun.

Abigail, William, and Mia are on a space adventure! They spot some huge planets with thick atmospheres far from the Sun. Can you help them figure out what Gas Giants (Jovian planets) are?

• Rocky bodies found between Mars and Jupiter.

• Large planets with thick atmospheres, located farther from the Sun.

• Planets that are rocky and closer to the Sun.

• The process by which particles collide and stick together, forming larger bodies.

Answer explanation

Gas Giants, or Jovian planets, are large planets with thick atmospheres, located farther from the Sun. This distinguishes them from rocky bodies and other types of planets.

Rohan, Grace, and Ava are on a space adventure! They spot some mysterious objects floating between Mars and Jupiter. Can you help them figure out what asteroids are? Asteroids are ________________

• Rocky bodies found between Mars and Jupiter.

• Large planets with thick atmospheres, located farther from the Sun.

• Planets that are rocky and closer to the Sun.

• The process by which particles collide and stick together, forming larger bodies.

Answer explanation

Asteroids are defined as rocky bodies found between Mars and Jupiter, making the first answer choice correct. The other options describe different celestial objects or processes, not asteroids.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Aiden and Grace are having a space debate! Aiden says terrestrial planets are rocky and close to the Sun, while Grace thinks gas giants are made of gas and are farther away. Who is correct about the main difference between terrestrial planets and gas giants?

• Terrestrial planets are made of ice, while gas giants are rocky.

• Terrestrial planets are rocky and closer to the Sun, while gas giants are gaseous and farther away.

• Gas giants are older than terrestrial planets.

• Gas giants do not orbit the Sun.

Answer explanation

Aiden is correct! Terrestrial planets are indeed rocky and located closer to the Sun, while gas giants are primarily composed of gases and are found farther away in the solar system.

Benjamin and Evelyn are stargazing and wondering how our solar system came to be. Which statement best describes the nebular hypothesis?

• Planets were ejected from other galaxies.

• The solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust.

• Planets have always existed in their current state.

Answer explanation

The nebular hypothesis states that the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust, which eventually coalesced to form the Sun and planets. This explains the origin of our solar system effectively.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Michael and Abigail are curious about how tiny bits of dust and gas in space came together to form planets. Which process helped them grow into the worlds we know today?

• Accretion

• Magnets

• The Milky Way

• Nebula

Answer explanation

Accretion is the process by which tiny bits of dust and gas in space gradually clump together under gravity, forming larger bodies like planets. This process is essential for the growth of the worlds we know today.

Harper, Anika, and Olivia are working together on a science project about how planets formed in our solar system. Check ALL the boxes that list evidence which supports their claim.

• Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus are named after Greek gods

• rocky planets formed near the sun

• temperatures were higher near the forming sun.

• the solar system is too complex to be described by accretion

Answer explanation

The evidence that rocky planets formed near the sun and that temperatures were higher near the forming sun supports the claim about planet formation, as these conditions influenced the types of planets that developed.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Hey detectives! Sophia, Oliver, and Aiden need your help: There's a sneaky mistake hiding in the CER. Can you spot what it is and help them out?

Answer explanation

The mistake in the CER is likely a misinterpretation of evidence or a logical inconsistency in the reasoning. Carefully review the claims and supporting details to identify where the error lies.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Priya, Michael, and Ethan are discussing the nebular hypothesis in science class. Which is the best REASONING for their CER?

• The nebular hypothesis explains the formation of planets from gas and dust through accretion.

• The nebular hypothesis explains why rocky planets are closer to the Sun and gas giants are farther away.

• The nebular hypothesis cannot explain the rapid formation of gas giants, so additional processes are likely.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that the nebular hypothesis describes how planets form from gas and dust through the process of accretion, which is fundamental to understanding planetary formation.

Ava and Ethan are debating about how gas giants formed in our solar system. Which of the following was the counterclaim used in their CER discussion?

• Gas giants must have formed closer to the sun

• Gas giants formed too quickly for accretion to work

• All of the planets must have formed in a day

Answer explanation

The counterclaim "Gas giants formed too quickly for accretion to work" suggests that the rapid formation of gas giants challenges the traditional accretion model, making it a valid point in their debate.