Hypertension Management and Risks

Hypertension, affecting over a billion people globally, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. It is defined by systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, with categories ranging from normal to stage 2 hypertension. Primary hypertension often has no symptoms and is influenced by factors like age and lifestyle, while secondary hypertension has identifiable causes. Hypertensive crisis is a severe condition requiring immediate attention. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes and medications.

What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure?

• Between 120 and 129 mmHg

• Less than 120 mmHg

• Between 130 and 139 mmHg

• Greater than 140 mmHg

What is the diastolic pressure range for stage 1 hypertension?

• Greater than 100 mmHg

• Between 90 and 99 mmHg

• Between 80 and 89 mmHg

• Less than 80 mmHg

Which of the following is a risk factor for primary hypertension?

• Active lifestyle

• Obesity

• Low salt diet

• Young age

What percentage of hypertension cases are considered primary?

• 50%

• 10%

• 90%

• 100%

What role do the kidneys play in blood pressure regulation?

• They secrete renin

• They secrete insulin

• They produce aldosterone

• They produce adrenaline

Which condition can lead to secondary hypertension?

• Atherosclerosis

• Diabetes

• Asthma

• Common cold

What is a characteristic of hypertensive urgency?

• Severe chest pain

• No damage to end organs

• Immediate hospitalization required

• Systolic pressure over 200 mmHg

What symptom might indicate a hypertensive emergency?

• Confusion

• Mild headache

• Normal breathing

• Slight dizziness

Which lifestyle change is recommended for managing hypertension?

• Increasing salt intake

• Reducing physical activity

• Regular exercise

• Adopting a sedentary lifestyle

What is the first line of treatment for hypertension?

• Chemotherapy

• Surgery

• Lifestyle changes

• Radiation therapy