Intermolecular Potential Energy

What is the primary difference between intermolecular and intramolecular forces?

• Intermolecular forces occur within a single molecule, while intramolecular forces occur between molecules.

• Intermolecular forces are stronger than intramolecular forces.

• Intramolecular forces involve sharing or transferring electrons, while intermolecular forces are attractions between separate molecules.

• Intramolecular forces determine a substance's boiling point, while intermolecular forces determine its chemical reactivity.

What two primary factors determine the strength of dispersion forces between molecules?

• Molecular polarity and bond length.

• Number of electrons and surface area.

• Electronegativity difference and molecular geometry.

• Presence of hydrogen atoms and molecular mass.

Which of the following conditions is necessary for hydrogen bonding to occur between molecules?

• A hydrogen atom must be bonded to a carbon atom.

• A hydrogen atom must be bonded to a highly electronegative atom like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

• The molecules must be nonpolar.

• The molecules must have a large molecular mass.

Water (H2O) has an unusually high boiling point compared to other hydrides in its group (H2S, H2Se, H2Te). What is the main reason for this anomaly?

• Water molecules have a larger molecular mass.

• Water molecules exhibit strong hydrogen bonding.

• Water is a nonpolar molecule.

• Water has a higher surface area for interactions.