8th Grade Roman Civilization Passages

Examine the transformation of Roman legions through Marius' military reforms, focusing on how the soldiers, known as 'Marius' Mules,' demonstrated exceptional endurance and versatility in pivotal battles. Understand the strategic innovations that fueled the expansion of the Roman Republic, offering insights into Roman military strategy and the enduring impact of Marius' contributions.

Study the key historical developments in the Roman and Byzantine Empires, emphasizing Greek and Roman influences, the impact of the Justinian Code, and the strategic importance of Constantinople. Gain insights into the shaping of the Byzantine Empire, fostering an understanding of historical cause-and-effect relationships and the enduring legacy of ancient civilizations.