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WorksheetsA&P 1 Final Review
Total questions: 115
Worksheet time: 59mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Superior vs. Inferior
a)
Superior : means the part is above another or closer to head (cranial ). Vs.
Inferior: means the part is below another or towards the feet (caudal).
Inferior: means the part is below another or towards the feet (caudal).
b)
Superior : means the part is below another or towards the feet (caudal).
Vs.
Inferior: means the part is above another or closer to head (cranial ).
Vs.
Inferior: means the part is above another or closer to head (cranial ).
2.
Anterior vs. Posterior
a)
Anterior: means toward the back (the pharynx is anterior to the oral cavity) - [dorsal]
Vs.
Posterior: means toward the front (the eyes are posterior to the brain - [ventral]
Vs.
Posterior: means toward the front (the eyes are posterior to the brain - [ventral]
b)
Anterior: means towards the front (the eyes are anterior to the brain) - [ventral].
Vs.
Posterior: means toward the back (the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity) - [dorsal].
Vs.
Posterior: means toward the back (the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity) - [dorsal].
3.
Abdominal region
a)
Region between the thorax and pelvis
b)
The ribs
c)
The area between the pod and the pelvis
d)
What even?
4.
What is the definition of Distal?
a)
Closer to the point of attachment
b)
Further from the point of attachment
5.
Where is the Femur located
a)
The thigh
b)
Lumbar region
c)
Orbital
d)
The chest
6.
What is the Perineal?
a)
Posterior region between the hip bones
b)
Area between the Anus and the reproductive organs
c)
Middle of the thorax
d)
The navel
7.
What is the sole of the foot named?
a)
Instep of the foot
b)
Sternal
c)
Plantar
8.
Where is the costal region?
a)
The chest
b)
The buttocks
c)
The hip
d)
The ribs
9.
What is the depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh (groin)?
a)
Inguinal region
b)
Otic
c)
Pedal
d)
Popliteal
10.
What branch of medicine pertains to the heart?
a)
Cytology
b)
Cardiology
c)
Histology
d)
Gerontology
11.
The posterior region behind the hip bones is...
a)
Pectoral region
b)
Sacral region
c)
Umbilical region
d)
Pelvic region
12.
What is the carpal?
a)
The wrist
b)
The neck
c)
The ankle
d)
The elbow
13.
What is lateral?
a)
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
b)
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
c)
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
d)
toward or at the body surface
14.
What is flexion?
a)
bending; bringing bones together, as in the elebow joint when the hand is drawn to the shoulder. Bending of the knee in lower extremity. Exception: movement of the humerus to the front from the side is considered flexion of the shoulder joint
b)
straightening; moving bones apart, as when hand moves away from shoulder. Exception: shoulder joint- return movement from shoulder joint flexion
15.
Method used to measure the extent of a burn injury
a)
Rule of thumb
b)
Rule of nines
c)
Body loss index
d)
Skin to burn ratio
16.
Type of burn that can be life-threatening
a)
1st degree
b)
2nd degree
c)
3rd degree
d)
Any burn is life threatening
17.
Burn in which the skin is reddened and hot to touch, can be very painful
a)
1st degree
b)
2nd degree
c)
3rd degree
d)
4th degree
18.
Skin cancer that can appear suddenly as an irregular patch of brown or black discoloration of the skin
a)
Carcinoma
b)
Squamous cell
c)
Basal Cell
d)
Melanoma
19.
Primary cause of increases in the incidence of skin cancer
a)
Diet
b)
Lack of exercise
c)
UV radiation
d)
Sunscreens
20.
Primary ingredient found in sweat
a)
Salt
b)
Minerals
c)
Water
d)
Oil
21.
A condition in which the focal point is beyond the retina because the eyeball is shorter is called _____.
a)
Preshbypia
b)
Myopia
c)
Hyperopia
d)
Diploia
22.
The outer layer of the eye is the ________.
a)
Sclera
b)
Retina
c)
Choroid
d)
Cornea
23.
Tears are secreted by _________
a)
Conjunctiva
b)
Lacrimal Gland
c)
Choroid
d)
Sclera
24.
Which of the following disorders is another name for nearsightedness?
a)
Myopia
b)
Hyperopia
c)
Presbyopia
d)
Astigmatism
25.
Which of the following disorders occurs in most people after age 40?
a)
Hyperopia
b)
Myopia
c)
Presbyopia
d)
Astigmatism
26.
Fill in the missing structures to complete the pathway of vision: Images in light > ________ >___________ >________ > light rays are bent or refracted > _____________ > rods and cones pick up stimulus > optic nerve > optic chiasma > optic tracts > occipital lobe.
a)
Pupil>Cornea>Lens>Retina
b)
Cornea>Pupil>Lens>Retina
c)
Cornea>Pupil>Retina>Lens
d)
Pupil>Cornea>Retina>Lens
27.
____________________ is the inability of the eye lens to focus incoming light.
a)
Myopia
b)
Hyperopia
c)
Presbyopia
d)
Astigmatism
28.
The crossbridges involved in muscle contraction are located on the ________________.
a)
myosin
b)
actin
c)
troposin
d)
tropomyosin
29.
Which muscle enables you to pucker your lips for a kiss?
a)
epicranius
b)
buccinator
c)
orbicularis oris
d)
orbicularis oculi
30.
Each muscle fiber is directly surrounded by connective tissue called the _____.
a)
perimysium
b)
fascia
c)
endomysium
d)
epimysium
31.
Select the correct cavity for each choice-
Mediastinum
Mediastinum
a)
Ventral
b)
Dorsal
32.
Select the correct cavity for each choice-
Spinal
Spinal
a)
Ventral
b)
Dorsal
33.
what is another name for growth plate
a)
epidermis plate
b)
epiphyseal plate
c)
Epididymis plate
d)
Epi plate
34.
Where is the pituitary gland located?
a)
ethmoid bone
b)
Temporal bone
c)
Foramen magnum
d)
Sella turcica
35.
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow is
a)
osteomylitis
b)
Osteomalacia
c)
Optiosteoporosis
d)
Osteogenesis
36.
Lower portion of sternum
a)
mastoid process
b)
Pubic symphysis
c)
Xiphoid process
d)
Breast plate
37.
the act of turning Palm down
a)
Supination
b)
Pronation
38.
What muscle extends the forearm and adducts the arm
a)
triceps brachii
b)
Biceps brachii
39.
what closes jaw for chewing
a)
Masseter
b)
Temporalis
40.
Elevated portion of the cerebral cortex
a)
Gyri
b)
Sulci
41.
A network of interlacing nerve fibers in peripheral system
a)
spinal cord
b)
plexus
42.
Portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland water balance and body tempurature
a)
cerebellum
b)
hypothalamus
43.
Part of the brain that controls breathing heart beat and size of blood vessels
a)
medulla oblongata
b)
hypothalamus
c)
cerebrum
d)
Cerebellum
44.
The study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts is called:
a)
Anatomy
b)
Physiology
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Irritability
45.
Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body:
a)
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
b)
Chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organismal
c)
Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
d)
Cellular, tissue, chemical, organ, organ system, organismal
46.
The structural and functional unit of life is:
a)
An organ
b)
A tissue
c)
A molecule
d)
A cell
47.
Which of the following is not a necessary life function:
a)
Maintaining boundaries
b)
Movement
c)
Responsiveness
d)
Nutrients
48.
Which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control system:
a)
a. Receptor, stimulus, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response
b)
a. Stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response
c)
a. Effector, stimulus, efferent pathway, control center, afferent pathway, receptor, response,
d)
a. Stimulus, receptor, efferent pathway, control center, afferent pathway, effector, response
49.
Negative feedback mechanisms:
a)
a. Regulate blood clotting and the birth process
b)
a. Operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases
c)
a. Operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is shut off or reduced
d)
a. Function in the same way as positive feedback systems.
50.
In anatomical position:
a)
a. The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing backward.
b)
a. The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing forward.
c)
a. The body is laying face up with the feet parallel and the arms at the sides with the palms facing backward.
d)
a. The body is laying face up with the feet parallel and the arms at the sides with palms facing forward.
51.
The skin is ____ to the skeleton
a)
superficial
b)
deef
c)
anterior
d)
posterior
52.
The knee is ______ to the ankle.
a)
proximal
b)
distal
c)
superior
d)
superficial
53.
The sternum is ____ to the arms.
a)
lateral
b)
intermediate
c)
medial
d)
superficial
54.
Includes bones, ligaments, joints and cartilage
a)
Muscular System
b)
Cartilage System
c)
Nervous System
d)
Skeletal System
55.
Produces hormones and releases them into the blood.
a)
Lymphatic System
b)
Endocrine System
c)
Circulatory System
d)
Nervous System
56.
1. As cells progress from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface:
a)
a. They divide continually by mitosis.
b)
a. Their supply of nutrients improves.
c)
a. They tend to die
d)
a. They divide continually by meiosis
57.
1. The papillary layer of the dermis has structures called:
a)
a. Dermal papillae
b)
a. Hair follicles
c)
a. Adipose cells
d)
a. Hair bulbs
58.
Muscle tissue that is involuntary:
a)
Cardiac muscle only.
b)
Smooth muscle only.
c)
Skeletal and cardiac muscle.
d)
Cardiac and smooth muscle.
59.
Acetylcholine is:
a)
An ion pump.
b)
A source of energy for muscle contraction.
c)
A component of thick myofilaments.
d)
A neurotransmitter.
60.
What is the anatomical term for wide, sheet-like tendons?
a)
Endomysium
b)
Aponeuroses
c)
Tendons
d)
Epimysium
61.
Which group of muscles aid in breathing?
a)
Hamstrings
b)
Quadriceps
c)
Erector Spinae
d)
Intercostal Muscles
62.
Tendons are a type of
a)
loose connective tissue
b)
dense connective tissue
c)
areolar
d)
osseous
63.
Intercalated discs are found in
a)
cardiac muscle
b)
nervous tissue
c)
smooth muscle
d)
skeletal muscle
64.
Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?
a)
central fissure
b)
longitudinal fissure
c)
parieto-occipital fissure
d)
lateral fissure
65.
) Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________.
a)
gyri
b)
sulci
c)
fissure
d)
ganglia
66.
What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
a)
the length
b)
the shape
c)
the number of neurons innervating it
d)
the total number of muscle cells available for contractions
67.
Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?
a)
They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.
b)
They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.
c)
They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.
d)
They are often called strap muscles.
68.
The brain stem consists of the ________. A) cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla B) midbrain, medulla, and pons C) pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain D) midbrain only
a)
cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla
b)
midbrain, medulla, and pons
c)
pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain
d)
midbrain only
69.
The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________.
a)
axon
b)
dendrite
c)
neurolemma
d)
schwann cell
70.
) Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________.
a)
gyri
b)
sulci
c)
fissure
d)
ganglia
71.
How many bones compose the adult skeleton?
a)
206
b)
303
c)
32
d)
205
72.
What does the central nervous system consists of?
a)
Brain and Spinal Cord.
b)
Heart and Lungs
c)
Intestine and Pelvis
d)
Eyes and Ears
73.
What are receptors?
a)
any part of the body that produces a response.
b)
A tiny gap where two neurons meet.
c)
Specialized cells that detect changes in the environment and turn them into electrical impulses.
d)
A very quick response to when a receptor is stimulated.
74.
What is the function of a Motor Neuron?
a)
Carry messages from one part of the central nervous system to another
b)
Carry signals from the central nervous system to effectors
c)
Carry signals from receptors to the spinal cord and the brain
75.
What is the function of Interneurons?
a)
Carry signals from receptors to the spinal cord and the brain
b)
Carry signals from the central nervous system to effectors
c)
Carry messages from one part of the central nervous system to another
76.
How many types of muscles do we have?
a)
3
b)
7
c)
10
d)
5
77.
There are ___ cranial nerves
a)
9
b)
10
c)
11
d)
12
78.
What is the third cranial nerve (III)?
a)
Trochlear
b)
Optic
c)
Trigeminal
d)
Oculomotor
79.
Which cranial nerve innervates the tongue muscles?
a)
Accessory
b)
Facial
c)
Hypoglossal
d)
Vagus
80.
This nerve's sensory function is to conduct taste and generate sensory impulses from the tongue and pharynx.
a)
Hypoglossal
b)
Facial
c)
Glossopharyngeal
d)
Accessory
81.
Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses?
a)
P
b)
I
c)
Fe
d)
Na
82.
What cavity does the heart lye in?
a)
dorsal
b)
superior mediastinal
c)
pleural
d)
pericardial
83.
Carbohydrates are stored in the in the liver and muscles as
a)
glycogen
b)
glucose
c)
triglycerides
d)
glycogen
84.
If you consider your home air in terms of homeostasis, the thermostat would be which part of the control center?
a)
receptor
b)
control center
c)
variable
d)
effector
85.
Each type of RNA has a specific role. Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?
a)
mRNA
b)
rRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
sRNA
86.
Mitosis is the
a)
division of the nucleus
b)
formation of sex cells
87.
The part of the cell that has a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell is
a)
Nucleus
b)
cell/plasma membrane
cell/ plasma membrane
cell/ plasma membrane
c)
golgi apparatus
d)
cell wall
88.
In DNA replication, if the original strand is ATG GCG, the second DNA strand would be:
a)
CTA CGC
b)
TAC GCG
c)
UAC CGC
d)
TAC CGC
89.
Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with
a)
Salts
b)
Lipids
c)
Water
d)
Acids
90.
Lipids
a)
provide a significant energy reserve.
b)
form essential structural components of cells.
c)
cushion organs against shocks, and help maintain body temperature
d)
All of the answers are correct.
91.
A _______________ plane section of a human cadaver would allow the right kidney and heart to be viewed at the same time.
a)
midsagittal
b)
transverse
c)
frontal
d)
sagittal
92.
If Billy's blood calcium level is elevated to 11.5 mg/dL (normal range 9-11 mg/dL), a positive feedback mechanism would cause _____________________________.
a)
blood Ca levels to decrease
b)
blood Ca levels to increase
c)
blood C levels to decrease
93.
You would expect a peptide bond to link
a)
two nucleotides.
b)
two amino acids.
c)
a sugar and a peptide.
d)
two simple sugars.
94.
The clear layer of the epidermis, consist of small transparent cells, is the ____________.
a)
Stratus lucidum
b)
stratum corneum
c)
stratum granulosum
d)
stratum germinativium (basale)
95.
What are the two sections of the dermis called?
a)
The epidermis
b)
The subcutaneous layer
c)
The papillary and reticular layer
d)
Stratum germinative
96.
Allows for movement in the body.
a)
excretory system
b)
integumentary system
c)
muscular system
d)
immune system
97.
What is the central nervous system (CNS) made of?
a)
brain and spinal cord
b)
brain and cranial nerves
c)
spinal cord and spinal nerves
d)
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
98.
What role does the sodium-potassium pump have?
a)
pumps K+ and Na+ out of the cell
b)
pumps ATP with concentration gradient
c)
uses ATP to pump K+ and Na+ against their concentration gradient
99.
The junction between 2 neurons is called the
a)
dendrite
b)
axon
c)
node of Ranvier
d)
synapse
100.
inflammation of membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord; usually caused by a microorganism
a)
epilepsy
b)
meningitis
c)
anesthesia
d)
hemiplegia
101.
Cranial nerve for hearing and balance
a)
trochlear
b)
vestibulocochlear
c)
trigeminal
d)
accessory
102.
Cranial nerve that controls one of the eye muscles
a)
optic
b)
trigeminal
c)
abducens
d)
vagus
103.
What type of responses does the sympathetic nervous system control?
a)
rest & digest
b)
flight or flight
c)
netflix & chill
d)
stress & digest
104.
Nerves carrying both sensory and motor fibers are called
a)
Mixed nerves
b)
sensory nerves
c)
Motor nerves
105.
Which cranial nerve allows you to move your neck?
a)
Hypoglossal
b)
Abducens
c)
Facial
d)
Accessory
106.
A network of nerves is called a
a)
Plexuses
b)
ventral root
c)
dorsal root
d)
dorsal root ganglion
107.
Which nerve is the largest in the body?
a)
Lumbar
b)
Sacral
c)
Brachial
d)
Cervical
108.
If a neuron responds at all, it responds completely. This is known as the
a)
threshold
b)
all-or-none response
c)
neuronal pool
d)
withdrawal reflex
109.
Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________.
a)
interoceptors
b)
proprioceptors
c)
exteroceptors
d)
mechanoreceptors
110.
What is the main function of the rods in the eye?
a)
vision in dim light
b)
depth perception
111.
Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus?
a)
median
b)
radial
c)
ulnar
d)
phrenic
112.
The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.
a)
parasympathetic division
b)
sympathetic division
c)
somatic division
d)
somatic nervous system
113.
What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?
a)
aqueous humor
b)
iris
c)
lens
d)
cornea
114.
Farsightedness is more properly called ________.
a)
myopia
b)
hypopia
c)
hyperopia
d)
presbyopia
115.
Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________.
a)
eye
b)
ears
c)
skin
d)
nose
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