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WorksheetsSpring Final 2016 - Mrs. White
Total questions: 125
Worksheet time: 3hrs 41mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A typical cell spends ______________ of its life in interphase
a)
all
b)
some
c)
most
d)
little
2.
Which of the following explains why a cell's size is limited?
a)
a. volume increases faster than surface area
b)
b. surface area increases faster than volume
3.
As a cell grows, its ___ increases more than its ___.
a)
length, volume
b)
width, surface area
c)
volume, surface area
d)
none of these
4.
The longest phase of the cell cycle
a)
prophase
b)
interphase
c)
metaphase
d)
mitosis
5.
The process of mitosis and cytokenesis produce two two idenetical...
a)
daughter cells
b)
strands
c)
chromosomes
d)
chromatids
6.
What phase is this?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telephaseddddduuu
7.
What is the first phase of cell division called?
a)
Prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telephase
8.
What is the correct sequence?
A = prophase
B = telophase (*cytokensis is not generally considered part of mitosis!)
C = metaphase
D = interphase
E = anaphase
F = prometaphase
A = prophase
B = telophase (*cytokensis is not generally considered part of mitosis!)
C = metaphase
D = interphase
E = anaphase
F = prometaphase
a)
C,D, B, A, F, E
b)
D,A,F,C,E,B
c)
B,E,C,F,A,D
d)
C,B,D,A E,F
9.
The uncontrolled division of cells that results in malignant growth
a)
tissues
b)
cancer
c)
mitosis
d)
anaphase
10.
The structures that hold together sister chromatids
a)
tissues
b)
chromosomes
c)
spindle
d)
centromeres
11.
The two halves of a chromosome after DNA has been replicated
a)
centromeres
b)
sister chromatids
c)
spindle
d)
tissues
12.
The phase in mitosis where chromosomes move away and are pulled by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.
a)
prophase
b)
anaphase
c)
metaphase
d)
telephase
13.
Which of the following is NOT a reason we need mitosis.
a)
Growth increases demand on DNA
b)
Nutrients get used up too quickly in larger cells
c)
Cell cannot efficiently move glucose across the cell membrane
d)
Reproducing
14.
This produces sex cells (gametes).
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
haploidy
d)
replication
15.
A cell plate is found in
a)
plant cells during interphase
b)
plant cells during mitosis
c)
plant and animal cells
d)
only animal cells
16.
Gametes are
a)
produced by meiosis
b)
produced by mitosis
c)
somatic cells
d)
diploid
17.
What is the final result of meiosis
a)
4 unique cells
b)
2 exact copies
c)
4 identical daughter cells
d)
2 genetically diverse cells
18.
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis?
a)
4 new cells
b)
2 new cells
c)
One new cell
d)
none of these
19.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
20.
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation.
d)
fitness.
21.
Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
a)
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
b)
The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest.
c)
The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
d)
Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.
22.
This is the title of the book written by Darwin that explained how living things change over time by the process of natural selection.
a)
Where the Wild Things Are
b)
The Voyage of the Beagle
c)
A Brief History of Time
d)
The Origin of Species
23.
Natural selection can also be referred to as:
a)
Survival of the weakest
b)
Survival
c)
Survival of the fittest
d)
Artificial selection
24.
A farmer's use of the best livestock for breeding is an example of
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
extinction
d)
adaptation
25.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
26.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
27.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
28.
Adaptations are always
a)
behavioral
b)
physical
c)
behavioral or physical
d)
beneficial in all environments
29.
two species are in different environments and look very similar. However, that are not closely related (analogous). Their resemblance is most likely an example of.
a)
sexual selection
b)
temporal isolation
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
30.
Lightning bugs using different blinking patterns to attract a mate is an example of
a)
reproductive isolation.
b)
behavioral isolation.
c)
geographic isolation.
31.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
32.
Which types of traits are controlled by many different genes and are represented by a bell curve?
a)
Single-gene traits
b)
Sologenic traits
c)
Polygenic traits
d)
Multiple alleles
33.
The geographic isolation of two populations of a species tends to increase differences between their gene pools because it
a)
prevents interbreeding between the populations
b)
causes the formation of hybrids
c)
causes tmeporal isolation of the two populations
d)
increases differences in courtship behavior
34.
If coat color in a rabbit population is a polygenic trait, which process might have produced the graph below?
a)
disruptive selection
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
directional selection
d)
genetic equilibrium
35.
The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness than small or large individuals have is called
a)
disruptive selection
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
directional selection
d)
neutral selection
36.
Favors the middle of the population.
a)
Disruptive selection
b)
Stabilizing selection
c)
Directional selection
37.
Middle is wiped out, extremes survive.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
38.
The entire curve moves in one direction or the other. Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
39.
Which of the following explains how natural selection causes a trait to become predominant in a population?
a)
Individuals with traits that are favorable to the environment reproduce more.
b)
Traits of an individual change in order to adapt to changes in enviornment.
c)
organisms select which traits they wish to inherit
d)
all of these answers
40.
Type of traits that produce phenotypes that are described as "one or the other"
a)
Single-gene Traits
b)
Sologenic Traits
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic Traits
41.
The half-life of an element is
a)
the amount left after half a geologic period is over
b)
the amount of time it took for the element to form
c)
the amount of time it takes have the radiation to decay
d)
50% if it's atomic mass
42.
How long did the Cambrian Period last?
a)
65 years
b)
65 million years
c)
40 million years
d)
30 million years
43.
Which period did George Washington live in?
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Quartenary
c)
Vendian
d)
Precambrian
44.
If only 1/4 of element X remains in a fossil, it is approximately how old?
a)
2.6 billion years
b)
2.6 billion years
2.6 years
2.6 years
c)
3.9 years
d)
1.3 billion years
45.
Who hyposthesized that species change slowly over time by natural selection?
a)
Mathus
b)
Darwin
c)
Lamark
d)
Mendel
46.
Mutations
a)
are always bad for a species and never passed on.
b)
are ultimately deadly for the organism but may be passed on to offspring.
c)
will be passed on if they help the organism find food.
d)
will be passed on if they make the organism easier to see.
47.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
48.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
49.
Which is made up of a long single strand of nucleotides?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
polypetides
50.
Which of the following is the blueprint for the production of RNA within a cell?
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
ATO
d)
carbohydrate
51.
What molecules do both DNA and RNA contain?
a)
uracil
b)
nucleotides
c)
thymine
d)
deoxyribose
52.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
53.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
54.
Why do some cells have different function than others if they all contain the same DNA?
a)
they have different genes
b)
the cells around them control what they do
c)
different genes are expressed, or used, in different cells
d)
different cells have different mutations that change the proteins they make
55.
Enzymes are affected by
a)
temperature
b)
pH
c)
ionic conditions
d)
all of these
56.
What is the sugar found in RNA?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
glucose
c)
ribose
d)
cellulose
57.
Which is NOT true about RNA?
a)
is single stranded
b)
is formed in the nucleus
c)
has three different forms
d)
has T instead of U
58.
DNA is copied
a)
by replication in the nucleus
b)
by replication in the cytoplasm
c)
by transcription in the nucleus
d)
by transcription by the DNA polymerase
59.
Translation happens
a)
at a ribosome
b)
on the smooth ER
c)
in the nucleus
d)
on the chromosomes
60.
What nitrogen base is in DNA but NOT RNA?
a)
uracil
b)
thymine
c)
guanine
d)
adenine
61.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
62.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for making proteins
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
63.
Which process is shown?
a)
diffusion
b)
repiration
c)
recombination
d)
translation
64.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
65.
Which of the following is incorrect regarding RNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil
b)
RNA can only be found inside the nucleus
c)
RNA is single stranded
d)
RNA contains genetic information
66.
Contains the bases adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
67.
Contains the bases adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
68.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
69.
The process of using an mRNA to make a protein is called
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Cell Division
70.
A three letter set of mRNA nitrogen bases is called a:
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
c)
amino acid
d)
peptide bond
71.
Brings the amino acids to the ribosome
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
72.
what does mRNA do?
a)
carry info from genes to ribosomes
b)
carry amino acids to ribosomes
c)
help with RNA splicing
d)
make up ribosomes
73.
Place where proteins are assembled, site of translation
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
nucleolus
d)
mitochondria
74.
A gene is
a)
a replication chromosome
b)
a sequence of amino acids
c)
a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or trait
d)
a mutation
75.
Which is NOT a function of DNA?
a)
provide a template for making RNA
b)
store genetic information and pass it on to offspring
c)
serve as a code for making proteins.
d)
all are functions of DNA
76.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
77.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
78.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round plant with a wrinkled plant. Which statement predicts the results?
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round plant with a wrinkled plant. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be Rr
b)
offspring will be RR
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
79.
Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100% tall
80.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
81.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in hybrid offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
82.
True-breeding means the same as pure-breeding, which means the same as homozygous
a)
true
b)
false
83.
In humans, skin tone is caused by 3 genes, each with 2 alleles. This is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
multiple alleles
84.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender
d)
all of the above
85.
How many alleles (letters) dooes each person carry for a trait (gene)?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
86.
Having two of the same genes for the trait (TT, tt); Both dominant or both recessive.
a)
homozygous / purebred
b)
heterozygous / hybrid
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
87.
How many alleles does a gamete carry for each gene?
a)
1
b)
2
88.
A diploid body cell with the genotype RrYy undergoes meiosis to form gametes. What are all of the possible allelic combinations that can be found in the gametes? (you need to FOIL)
a)
RR, YY, Rr, Yy
b)
Ry and rY
c)
RrYy and RRYY
d)
RY, Ry, rY, ry
89.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
90.
gametes carry ____ allele(s) for each gene, diploid organisms carry ___ allele(s) for each gene.
a)
1, 2
b)
2, 1
91.
The law that states that the inheritance of one trait has no effect on the inheritance of another is
a)
the law of independent assortment
b)
the law of dominance
c)
the law of segregation
92.
A couple has 4 girls. What are the odds of the couple having a boy?
a)
1/4
b)
1/5
c)
1/2
d)
1/8
93.
In pedigrees, a circle represents a ______ and a square represents a _____.
a)
male, female
b)
female, male
c)
son, daughter
d)
daughter, son
94.
In Mendel's P generation, a true-breeding tall plant was crossed with a true-breeding short plant. None of the plantsin the F1 generation are short because
a)
the allele for tallness is dominant
b)
shortness cannot be inherited
c)
the allele for shortenss is dominant
d)
all the offspring are truebreeding
95.
Gametes from a female always have
a)
two X chromosomes
b)
two Y chromosomes
c)
one X chromosome
d)
one X chromosome and one y
96.
A normal human karyotype has
a)
23 chromosomes
b)
46 chromosomes
c)
an x and a y
d)
two chromosomes
97.
Mendel used pea plants to study interitance of traits and discovered that
a)
only dominant factors matter
b)
DNA controls inheritance
c)
parents pass traits to offspring
d)
characteristics randomly appear in organisms and cannot be predicted
98.
How many amino acids are there?
a)
thousands
b)
20
c)
three
d)
46
99.
Colorblindness is sex-linked, so it is
a)
found only on the Y
b)
found only on the x
c)
more common in females
d)
dominant
100.
What are the building blocks of proteins?
a)
amino acids
b)
fatty acids
c)
glycerol
d)
monosaccharides
101.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Amino Acids
c)
Polysaccharides
d)
Monosaccharides
102.
The monomer of a nucleic acid is
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Triglyceride (3 Fatty Acids and 1 Glycerol)
103.
Enzymes are a very important type of protein used to change the
a)
temperature of the reaction
b)
pH of a solution
c)
speed of chemical reactions
d)
chemical formula of the product
104.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
105.
Enzymes ____________ a biological reaction.
a)
speed up
b)
slow down
c)
stop
d)
inhibit
106.
What polymer does the monomer monosaccharide make?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Protien
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic acid
107.
The 3 categories of carbohydrates are:
a)
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
b)
glucose, fructose, galatose
c)
starch, cellulose, chitin
d)
There are no categories of carbohydrates
108.
A macromolecule is:
a)
Large organic polymer
b)
Large molecule
c)
Large inorganic molecule
d)
Large inorganic polymer
109.
What are the four types of Macromolecules
a)
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids
b)
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins
c)
carbohydrates, monosaccharides, proteins, lipids
d)
carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, proteins
110.
A monomer is
a)
a large molecule
b)
a macromolecule
c)
a building block
d)
a polymer
111.
Which is not true?
a)
simple sugars are made of polysaccharides
b)
amino acids make up proteins
c)
nucleotides are the monomer of RNA
d)
fatty acids and glycerol are monomers of triglicerides
112.
Which is false?
a)
catalysts speed up reactions
b)
catalysts lower activation energy
c)
catalysts are always enzymes
d)
catalysts are NEVER used up in a reaction
113.
Activation energy is
a)
the same as cohesion energy
b)
the energy needed to start the reaction
c)
the ideal temperature of the reaction
d)
increased by catalysts
114.
Which is true?
a)
catalysts are always enzymes
b)
enzymes are always catalysts
c)
proteins are always catalysts
d)
catalysts increase activation energy
115.
Which is NOT a carbohydrate?
a)
sugar
b)
polysaccharides
c)
glycerol
d)
cellulose
116.
The function of a protein depends on
a)
size
b)
type of cell
c)
order(sequence) of the amino acids
d)
none of these
117.
Proteins
a)
pass traits on through genes
b)
do not fight disease
c)
regulate cells and build bones
d)
all are true
118.
Which is a polymer?
a)
protein
b)
glucose
c)
nucleotide
d)
all of these
119.
The excretory system depends mainly on
a)
the lungs
b)
the liver
c)
the kidneys
d)
the urethra
120.
The excretory system
a)
removes waste
b)
maintains homeostasis
c)
includes kidneys along with skin and the liver
d)
all of these
121.
Type O blood
a)
is universal recipient
b)
coagulates if given to a person with type AB
c)
Can be safely given to a type A person
d)
all of these
122.
Which is NOT true about people with type AB+?
a)
They are universal donor
b)
They can safely receive B-
c)
They can receive O+ or O-
d)
All are true
123.
Respiration is NOT
a)
swapping O2 for CO2 between cells and blood
b)
swapping O2 for CO2 between air and lungs
c)
swapping O2 for CO2 between lungs and blood
d)
the same as cellular respiration
124.
The smallest blood vessels are
a)
capillaries
b)
arterioles
c)
lymph
d)
venules
125.
Chemical digestion does not take place
a)
in the mouth
b)
in the stomach
c)
passing from pharynx to stomach via the esophagus
d)
anywhere in the body because cheicals are bad for you
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