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WorksheetsSystems and Daisyworld
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 6hrs 52mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What type of system is the following? Space station
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
2.
What type of system is the following? Planet Earth
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
3.
What type of system is the following? Rainforest
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
4.
What type of system is the following? Ocean
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
5.
What type of system is the following? Aquarium
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
6.
What type of system is the following? Pizza delivery bag
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
7.
What type of system is the following? Greenhouse
a)
Open
b)
Closed
c)
Isolated
8.
Guess the albedo: asphalt
a)
0.1
b)
0.3
c)
0.6
d)
0.9
9.
Guess the albedo: Clouds
a)
0.1
b)
0.3
c)
0.6
d)
0.9
10.
Guess the albedo: Conifer forests
a)
0.1
b)
0.4
c)
0.6
d)
0.9
11.
Guess the albedo: deciduous forests (light green)
a)
0.2
b)
0.5
c)
0.7
d)
0.9
12.
Guess the albedo: Oceans
a)
0.1
b)
0.3
c)
0.6
d)
0.9
13.
Guess the albedo: Ocean ice
a)
0.2
b)
0.4
c)
0.6
d)
0.9
14.
Guess the albedo: Desert sand
a)
0.2
b)
0.4
c)
0.6
d)
0.8
15.
Guess the albedo: Snow
a)
0.2
b)
0.6
c)
0.9
d)
1.3
16.
Guess the albedo: Planet Earth
a)
0.1
b)
0.3
c)
0.5
d)
0.7
17.
Which line represents the coupling from daisies to temperature?
a)
A
b)
B
18.
What is the nature of the coupling from daisies to temperature?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
c)
It depends
19.
What is the nature of the coupling from temperature to daisies?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
c)
It depends
20.
What does the coupling from temperature to daisies depend on?
a)
The optimum temperature for daisy growth
b)
What the planet's temperature is relative to the optimum T for daisy growth
c)
The maximum possible daisy abundance
d)
What the planet's daisy abundance is relative to the maximum possible
21.
What is the nature of the coupling from temperature to daisies to the left of the optimum?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
c)
It depends
22.
What is the nature of the coupling from temperature to daisies to the right of the optimum?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
c)
It depends
23.
What are P1 and P2 called?
a)
Couplings
b)
Crossings
c)
Equilibria
d)
Feedbacks
24.
What is the nature of the feedback governing the system around P1?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
25.
What is the nature of the equilibrium at P1?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
26.
What is the nature of the feedback governing the system around P2?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
27.
What is the nature of the P2 equilibrium?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
28.
Perturbation or forcing? Gust of wind
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
29.
Perturbation or forcing? Hurricane
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
30.
Perturbation or forcing? Solar flares
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
31.
Perturbation or forcing: Sun's luminosity
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
32.
Perturbation or forcing? Greenhouse gas emissions
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
33.
Perturbation or forcing? Sea level rise
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
34.
Perturbation or forcing? Volcanic eruption
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
35.
Perturbation or forcing? Urbanization
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
36.
Perturbation or forcing? Heat wave
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
37.
Perturbation or forcing? Global warming
a)
Perturbation
b)
Forcing
38.
What happens if the system is perturbed from the P1 equilibrium?
a)
It becomes hotter
b)
It becomes colder
c)
It returns to P1
d)
It goes to P2
39.
What happens if the system is perturbed from the P2 equilibrium?
a)
It becomes hotter
b)
It returns to P2
c)
It goes to a different state
d)
It goes to P1
40.
What happens to the phase diagram if solar luminosity increases?
a)
Line A moves up
b)
Line B moves up
c)
Line B shifts right
d)
Both line A and B move up
41.
What happens to the planet's temperature when solar luminosity increases if temperature does not influence daisy coverage?
a)
It increases
b)
It stays the same
c)
It depends on what the daisy coverage is
d)
It depends on what the temperature is
42.
What happens to the planet's temperature when solar luminosity increases, assuming temperature does influence daisy coverage?
a)
It stays the same
b)
It increases, but only slightly, to a point
c)
It increases at the same rate as the luminosity increase
d)
It increases faster than the luminosity increase
43.
Which of the drawings represents changes in a planet's equilibrium temperature with increasing luminosity when temperatures do not influence daisy coverage?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
44.
Which of the drawings represents changes in a planet's equilibrium temperature with increasing luminosity when temperatures do influence daisy coverage?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
45.
Which of the following is not true after a very, very large increase in luminosity?
a)
The system has only an unstable equilibrium
b)
Daisies become extinct
c)
The equilibrium temperature is the same as that for a planet in which T does not influence daisies
d)
The planet becomes very hot
46.
At which point on the figure is the planet's equilibrium temperature equal to the optimum temperature for daisy growth?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
47.
Draw a coupling diagram for the system when P1' falls to the right of the optimum temperature for daisy growth. Is the feedback positive or negative?
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
48.
Based on the feedback around P1' alone, would you guess P1' is a stable or unstable equilibrium?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
49.
Now imagine a temporary disturbance on the sun has perturbed at planet at P1' to slightly hotter temperatures. Use the perturbation line tracing method to figure out how the system responds.
a)
It goes back to P1'
b)
It goes to P2'
c)
It becomes a hothouse, where daisies go extinct
d)
None of the above
50.
What can you deduce from this?
a)
The perturbation tracing method is the most reliable for assessing equilibria
b)
The relative strengths of each coupling, in addition to whether they are positive or negative, is important
c)
A stable P1' governed by positive feedbacks could occur in any Daisyworld for which the slope of line A<0
d)
All of the above
51.
Now consider a Daisyworld with tall and short daisies that have different temperature optima but have the same albedo. In this new system, what is the nature of P1?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
52.
What is the nature of P2?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
53.
What is the nature of P3?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
54.
What is the nature of P4?
a)
Stable
b)
Unstable
55.
For a planet at P1, what happens as luminosity increases moderately?
a)
It becomes dominated by tall daisies
b)
It suddenly jumps to a much hotter equilibrium temperature
c)
It remains cooler than a planet in which temperature has no effect on daisies
d)
All of the above
56.
Which of the following is not a possibility as luminosity increases?
a)
Two unstable and one stable equilibria only
b)
Two stable and one unstable equilibria only
c)
One stable and one unstable equilibria only
d)
One unstable equilibrium only
57.
Which line describes the response of a planet at P1 (the circle) to an increase in luminosity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
58.
Which line describes the response of a planet at P2 (the circle) to an increase in luminosity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
59.
What happens to short daisy coverage in a planet at P1 as luminosity increases?
a)
They increase and then decrease as they are replaced by tall daisies. They go extinct when the planet no longer supports daisies.
b)
They gradually decline until they become extinct.
c)
They gradually increase and then gradually decline.
d)
They become very abundant and then decline sharply to extinction.
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