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WorksheetsLADC: Section 1, Chapter 2 (The Neurobiology of Addiction)
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 18hrs 30mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
True or False: The nervous system is compromised of the specialized structures that control and coordinate all body activities through the process of stimulus and response.
a)
True
b)
False
2.
How many stages does the process of stimulus and response occur in?
a)
2 stages
b)
3 stages
c)
4 stages
d)
5 stages
3.
What is the first stage of the process of stimulus and response called?
a)
Motor Response
b)
Sensory Reception
c)
Interconnection
4.
What is the second stage of the process of stimulus and response called?
a)
Motor Response
b)
Sensory Reception
c)
Interconnection
5.
What is the third stage of the process of stimulus and response called?
a)
Motor Response
b)
Sensory Reception
c)
Interconnection
6.
What happens in the sensory reception stage of the process of stimulus and response?
a)
an appropriate response is triggered, such as muscular contraction, as a result of message being sent back to a body part by a nerve center
b)
some type of stimuli is detected either from outside or within the body
c)
stimuli creates an electrical message that is then transmitted from one part of the system to another
7.
What happens in the interconnection stage of the process of stimulus and response?
a)
an appropriate response is triggered, such as muscular contraction, as a result of message being sent back to a body part by a nerve center
b)
some type of stimuli is detected either from outside or within the body
c)
stimuli creates an electrical message that is then transmitted from one part of the system to another
8.
What happens in the motor response stage of the process of stimulus and response?
a)
an appropriate response is triggered, such as muscular contraction, as a result of message being sent back to a body part by a nerve center
b)
some type of stimuli is detected either from outside or within the body
c)
stimuli creates an electrical message that is then transmitted from one part of the system to another
9.
What are the three major structures of the nervous system?
a)
radial nerve, tibial nerve, brain
b)
brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
c)
muscles, brain, nerves
10.
What are neurons?
a)
glial cells derived from mesoderm that function as scavengers in the central nervous system and form part of the reticuloendothelial system
b)
glial cells similar to an astrocyte but with fewer protuberances, concerned with the production of myelin in the central nervous system
c)
highly specialized and unique cells which are capable of receiving stimuli and transmitting electrical messages or impulses
11.
Which statement below is true about the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
a)
composed of the brain and spinal cord. Psychoactive drugs have their primary effect on here.
b)
composed of all the neves that branch out from the CNS and connect the system to other body parts, including the hands and feet.
12.
Which statement below is true about the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
a)
composed of the brain and spinal cord. Psychoactive drugs have their primary effect on here.
b)
composed of all the neves that branch out from the CNS and connect the system to other body parts, including the hands and feet.
13.
Where are the somatic and autonomic system located?
a)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
b)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
14.
Which statement below is true about the Somatic System?
a)
nerves which connect the CNS to various body organs, clouding the heart, stomach, intestines, and various glands. These nerves function involuntarily.
b)
comprised of the cranial and spinal nerves which connect the CNS to the skin and the skeletal muscles
15.
Which statement below is true about the Autonomic System?
a)
nerves which connect the CNS to various body organs, clouding the heart, stomach, intestines, and various glands. These nerves function involuntarily.
b)
comprised of the cranial and spinal nerves which connect the CNS to the skin and the skeletal muscles
16.
Where are the sympathetic and parasympathetic division located?
a)
Somatic System (that is in the peripheral nervous system)
b)
Autonomic System (that is in the peripheral nervous system)
c)
Somatic System (that is in the CNS)
d)
Autonomic System (that is in the CNS)
17.
Which statement below is true about the Sympathetic Division?
a)
prepares body for activities which expend energy
b)
aids body in returning to normal after a period of expending energy. This division works to counterbalance the activities of the sympathetic division.
18.
Which statement below is true about the Parasympathetic Division?
a)
prepares body for activities which expend energy
b)
aids body in returning to normal after a period of expending energy. This division works to counterbalance the activities of the sympathetic division.
19.
True or False: Dendrites and Axons are the two types of nerve fibers extending from neurons.
a)
True
b)
False
20.
What are dendrites?
a)
Fibers that carry impulses away from the cell body
b)
Fibers that send nerve impulses toward the cell body
21.
What are axons?
a)
Fibers that carry impulses away from the cell body
b)
Fibers that send nerve impulses toward the cell body
22.
True or False: Electrical impulses originate in the axon and are then transmitted down the dendrite.
a)
True
b)
False; electrical impulses originate in the DENDRITE and are then transmitted down the AXON.
23.
At the junction between the axon of one cell and the dendrite of another (known as ____________), the electrical impulse must cross a narrow space or gap, called the ______________.
a)
synaptic cleft; synapse
b)
synapse; synaptic cleft
24.
How is the cross-over process of the synaptic cleft accomplished?
a)
Electrical Impulse
b)
Chemical Transmission
c)
Electrical Transmission
d)
Chemical Impulse
25.
Psychoactive drugs have their major effect during the cross-over process at the synaptic cleft. What do depressant drugs do to the medium?
a)
Depressant drugs tend to thicken the medium, this slowing down the transmission.
b)
Depressant drugs tend to thin the medium, this causing a more rapid transmission.
26.
Psychoactive drugs have their major effect during the cross-over process at the synaptic cleft. What do stimulant drugs do to the medium?
a)
Stimulant drugs tend to thicken the medium, this slowing down the transmission.
b)
Stimulant drugs tend to thin the medium, this causing a more rapid transmission.
27.
What is Acetylcholine?
a)
brain neurotransmitter, associated with body movement and pleasure
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
neurotransmitter found in brain, associated with arousal reactions and moods
d)
brain neurotransmitter associated with regulation of sensory perception, sleep and body temperature- altercations in the serotonin functioning have been relayed to mental illness and certain drug-induced hallucinations
28.
What is Norepinephrine?
a)
brain neurotransmitter, associated with body movement and pleasure
b)
brain neurotransmitter associated with regulation of sensory perception, sleep and body temperature- altercations in the serotonin functioning have been relayed to mental illness and certain drug-induced hallucinations
c)
neurotransmitter found in brain, associated with arousal reactions and moods
d)
neurotransmitter substance (one that blocks transfer of nerves impulse to an adjoining neuron in brain)- when the normal function of GABA is disrupted, convulsions may occur.
29.
What is Dopamine?
a)
brain neurotransmitter, associated with body movement and pleasure
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
brain neurotransmitter associated with regulation of sensory perception, sleep and body temperature- altercations in the serotonin functioning have been relayed to mental illness and certain drug-induced hallucinations
d)
neurotransmitter substance (one that blocks transfer of nerves impulse to an adjoining neuron in brain)- when the normal function of GABA is disrupted, convulsions may occur.
30.
What is Serotonin?
a)
brain neurotransmitter, associated with body movement and pleasure
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance found in spinal cord
d)
brain neurotransmitter associated with regulation of sensory perception, sleep and body temperature- altercations in the serotonin functioning have been relayed to mental illness and certain drug-induced hallucinations
31.
What is Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)?
a)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance (one that blocks transfer of nerves impulse to an adjoining neuron in brain)- when the normal function is disrupted, convulsions may occur.
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance found in spinal cord
d)
first discovered in 1975, both compounds have been extracted from brain and pituitary gland- both compounds have pain killing properties more powerful than morphine, with endorphins being 40x more powerful than enkephalins, and 100x more powerful than morphine
32.
What is Glycine?
a)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance (one that blocks transfer of nerves impulse to an adjoining neuron in brain)- when the normal function is disrupted, convulsions may occur.
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance found in spinal cord
d)
neurotransmitter found in brain, associated with arousal reactions and moods
33.
What are Enkephalins and endorphins?
a)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance (one that blocks transfer of nerves impulse to an adjoining neuron in brain)- when the normal function is disrupted, convulsions may occur.
b)
excitatory neurotransmitter released by axons
c)
inhibitory neurotransmitter substance found in spinal cord
d)
first discovered in 1975, both compounds have been extracted from brain and pituitary gland- both compounds have pain killing properties more powerful than morphine, with endorphins being 40x more powerful than enkephalins, and 100x more powerful than morphine
34.
True or False: Once the neurotransmitter molecules are released into the small synaptic cleft between neurons, a particular molecule may just float around briefly or it may be one of the ones that bind to the receptor on the dendrite of the next neuron.
a)
True
b)
False
35.
True or False: In the process of binding, the neurotransmitter may accidentally create a tiny passage that is opened through the membrane, allowing an electrical current in the form of charged ions moving through the membrane.
a)
True
b)
False; this is not accidental. The neurotransmitter purposefully may distort the receptor so that a tiny passage is opened through the membrane
36.
True or False: Metamphetamine is structurally similar to norepinephrine and dopamine, and one of its effects is to mimic dopamine at its receptors.
a)
True
b)
False; Amphetamines are structurally similar to norepinephrine and dopamine, and one of its effects is to mimic NOREPINEPHRINE at its receptors, NOT DOPAMINE
37.
What major structural unit is in charge of controlling vital centers of the brain, such as the cardiac, respiration, and vasomotor centers?
a)
Midbrain
b)
Cerebellum
c)
Limbic System
d)
Medulla Oblongata
38.
What center is breathing controlled in?
a)
cardiac center
b)
respiration center
c)
vasomotor center
39.
What center is blood pressure controlled in?
a)
cardiac center
b)
respiration center
c)
vasomotor center
40.
What center is heart rate controlled in?
a)
cardiac center
b)
respiration center
c)
vasomotor center
41.
Which of the below is NOT a drug that can severely depress the centers found in the Medulla Oblongata?
a)
Opiates
b)
Barbiturates
c)
Amphetamines
42.
What is the reticular formation? Where is it found?
a)
complex network of cells; Limpus System
b)
complex network of nerve fibers; Limpus System
c)
complex network of cells; Medulla Oblongata
d)
complex network of nerve fibers; Medulla Oblongata
43.
What does ARAS stand for? Where is it found?
a)
Ascending reticular activating system; Reticular formation inside Medulla Oblongata
b)
Automatic reticular activation system;Reticular formation inside Medulla Oblongata
c)
Automatic reticular activation system; Reticular formation inside Thalamus
d)
Ascending reticular activating system; Reticular formation inside Limbic System
44.
What is ARAS involved in controlling?
a)
Sleeping and Waking
b)
Heart musculature and Function of gastrointestinal tract
c)
Behavioral Alerting, Attention, and Arousal
d)
All of the above. Plus, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.
45.
True or False: Alcohol and other depressants increase ARAS activity, and amphetamines block normal activity in the ARAS.
a)
True
b)
False; Alcohol and other depressants block normal activity in the ARAS, and amphetamines increase ARAS activity.
c)
False; Drugs don't affect the ARAS activity.
46.
What drugs especially affect the midbrain? What do they do to the midbrain?
a)
Psychedelic drugs work here to create visual or auditory hallucinations
b)
Depressants, especially alcohol, create a loss of muscle coordination, staggering, and loss of balance.
47.
What drugs especially affect the cerebellum? What do they do to the cerebellum?
a)
Psychedelic drugs work here to create visual or auditory hallucinations
b)
Depressants, especially alcohol, create a loss of muscle coordination, staggering, and loss of balance.
48.
What is the medulla oblongata?
a)
rounded bulge on the underside of the brain stem which connects the medulla to the midbrain
b)
large convoluted mass of nerve tissue located below the cerebrum
c)
short segment of the brain stem
d)
portion of the brain which connects to spinal column
49.
What is the pons?
a)
rounded bulge on the underside of the brain stem which connects the medulla to the midbrain
b)
large convoluted mass of nerve tissue located below the cerebrum
c)
short segment of the brain stem
d)
portion of the brain which connects to spinal column
50.
What is the midbrain?
a)
rounded bulge on the underside of the brain stem which connects the medulla to the midbrain
b)
large convoluted mass of nerve tissue located below the cerebrum
c)
short segment of the brain stem located just above the pons
d)
portion of the brain which connects to spinal column
51.
What is the cerebellum?
a)
rounded bulge on the underside of the brain stem which connects the medulla to the midbrain
b)
large convoluted mass of nerve tissue located below the cerebrum and behind the pons and medulla
c)
short segment of the brain stem located just above the pons
d)
portion of the brain which connects to spinal column
52.
Where is the thalamus located?
a)
Located between cerebrum and mid-brain
b)
Small area situated beneath subthalamus and above midbrain
c)
Located near junction of subthalamus and midbrain
d)
Located where cerebrum, subthalamus, and hypothalamus interconnect
53.
Where is the subthalamus located?
a)
Located between cerebrum and mid-brain
b)
Small area situated beneath thalamus and above midbrain
c)
Located near junction of thalamus and midbrain
d)
Located where cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus interconnect
54.
Where is the hypothalamus located?
a)
Located between cerebrum and mid-brain
b)
Small area situated beneath thalamus and above midbrain
c)
Located near junction of thalamus and midbrain
d)
Located where cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus interconnect
55.
Where is the limbus system located?
a)
Located between cerebrum and mid-brain
b)
Small area situated beneath thalamus and above midbrain
c)
Located near junction of thalamus and midbrain
d)
Located where cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus interconnect
56.
What is the job of the thalamus?
a)
Functions with cerebral cortex as central relay station of the brain, where all incoming sensory impulses (except smell), are channeled to the appropriate regions of the cerebrum. It is also responsible for interpreting sensations as painful or pleasurable.
b)
Functions in regulation of emotions (fear, anger, pleasure, sorrow). It has a significant effect on behavior, especially those that promote survival
c)
Maintain homeostasis by regulating various body activities and by linking the nervous system with the endocrine system. Also, it has to control heart rate, arterial blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, body weight, movements, glandular secretions of gastrointestinal tract, sex, and synthesis of neurochemical substances
d)
Control movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
57.
What is the job of the hypothalamus?
a)
Functions with cerebral cortex as central relay station of the brain, where all incoming sensory impulses (except smell), are channeled to the appropriate regions of the cerebrum. It is also responsible for interpreting sensations as painful or pleasurable.
b)
Functions in regulation of emotions (fear, anger, pleasure, sorrow). It has a significant effect on behavior, especially those that promote survival
c)
Maintain homeostasis by regulating various body activities and by linking the nervous system with the endocrine system. Also, it has to control heart rate, arterial blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, body weight, movements, glandular secretions of gastrointestinal tract, sex, and synthesis of neurochemical substances
d)
Control movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
58.
What is the job of the limbus system?
a)
Functions with cerebral cortex as central relay station of the brain, where all incoming sensory impulses (except smell), are channeled to the appropriate regions of the cerebrum. It is also responsible for interpreting sensations as painful or pleasurable.
b)
Functions in regulation of emotions (fear, anger, pleasure, sorrow). It has a significant effect on behavior, especially those that promote survival
c)
Maintain homeostasis by regulating various body activities and by linking the nervous system with the endocrine system. Also, it has to control heart rate, arterial blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, body weight, movements, glandular secretions of gastrointestinal tract, sex, and synthesis of neurochemical substances
d)
Control movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
59.
What is the job of the cerebrum?
a)
Functions with cerebral cortex as central relay station of the brain, where all incoming sensory impulses (except smell), are channeled to the appropriate regions of the cerebrum.
b)
Functions in regulation of emotions (fear, anger, pleasure, sorrow). It has a significant effect on behavior, especially those that promote survival
c)
Maintain homeostasis by regulating various body activities and by linking the nervous system with the endocrine system. Also, it has to control heart rate, arterial blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, body weight, movements, glandular secretions of gastrointestinal tract, sex, and synthesis of neurochemical substances
d)
It coordinates and interprets internal and external stimuli, and is the site for higher mental functions such as memory and reasoning.
60.
What is the largest and most complex part of the brain?
a)
Thalamus
b)
Limbic System
c)
Cerebrum
d)
Cerebellum
61.
How many lobes does the cerebrum have?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
5
62.
What type of areas does the frontal lobes have? What do they responsible for?
a)
Has motor areas which are responsible for controlling movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
b)
Has motor areas which are responsible for temperature, touch, pressure, and skin pain
c)
Has sensory areas responsible for hearing
d)
Has sensory areas responsible for vision
63.
What type of areas does the parietal lobes have? What are they responsible for?
a)
Has motor areas which are responsible for controlling movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
b)
Has motor areas which are responsible for temperature, touch, pressure, and skin pain
c)
Has sensory areas responsible for hearing
d)
Has sensory areas responsible for vision
64.
What type of areas does the temporal lobes have? What are they responsible for?
a)
Has motor areas which are responsible for controlling movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
b)
Has motor areas which are responsible for temperature, touch, pressure, and skin pain
c)
Has sensory areas responsible for hearing
d)
Has sensory areas responsible for vision
65.
What type of areas does the occipital lobes have? What are they responsible for?
a)
Has motor areas which are responsible for controlling movements of voluntary skeletal muscles
b)
Has motor areas which are responsible for temperature, touch, pressure, and skin pain
c)
Has sensory areas responsible for hearing
d)
Has sensory areas responsible for vision
66.
What do the association areas for frontal lobes do?
a)
Association areas used to interpret sensory experience and in the memory of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory impulses.
b)
Association areas involved in combing visual images with other sensory input.
c)
Association areas control higher intellectual processes, such as concentration, planning, problem solving, and judgement of consequences of behavior.
d)
Association areas function to help us understand speech and to use words to express thoughts and feelings.
67.
What do the association areas for parietal lobes do?
a)
Association areas used to interpret sensory experience and in the memory of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory impulses.
b)
Association areas involved in combing visual images with other sensory input.
c)
Association areas control higher intellectual processes, such as concentration, planning, problem solving, and judgement of consequences of behavior.
d)
Association areas function to help us understand speech and to use words to express thoughts and feelings.
68.
What do the association areas for temporal lobes do?
a)
Association areas used to interpret sensory experience and in the memory of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory impulses.
b)
Association areas involved in combing visual images with other sensory input.
c)
Association areas control higher intellectual processes, such as concentration, planning, problem solving, and judgement of consequences of behavior.
d)
Association areas function to help us understand speech and to use words to express thoughts and feelings.
69.
What do the association areas for occipital lobes do?
a)
Association areas used to interpret sensory experience and in the memory of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory impulses.
b)
Association areas involved in combing visual images with other sensory input.
c)
Association areas control higher intellectual processes, such as concentration, planning, problem solving, and judgement of consequences of behavior.
d)
Association areas function to help us understand speech and to use words to express thoughts and feelings.
70.
True or False: Many psychoactive drugs affect cerebral function. Stimulants increase neuron activity, sometimes to the point of hallucinations. Depressants decrease nerve cell function, affecting concentration as well as perception of other stimuli.
a)
True
b)
False
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