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WorksheetsBiochemistry
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which property makes water molecules stick to other water molecules?
a)
adhesion
b)
cohesion
c)
capillary action
d)
polarity
2.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
3.
Which macromolecule is shown?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
4.
Amino acids all have the same general morphology except for the:
a)
Amino Group
b)
Carboxyl Group
c)
'R' Group
d)
Carbonyl Group
5.
___________ are some functions of lipids.
a)
storing energy and cell membrane structure
b)
providing actin & providing myosin
c)
cellulose structure and digestive assistance
d)
storing & transferring genetic info
6.
Changes in pH and temperature can damage an enzymes active site. What is this called?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
denature
7.
The monomer, building block, of proteins
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
monosaccharide
8.
The monomer, building block, of carbohydrates; simple sugar
a)
Amino acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Monosaccharide
9.
Which of the structures shown is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
10.
Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water expands as it freezes.
b)
Water is an excellent solvent.
c)
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
d)
Water moderates temperature.
11.
Large bodies of water do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. Why?
a)
Water is a solvent.
b)
Water has a high heat capacity.
c)
Water acts as a buffer.
d)
Water is non-polar.
12.
What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent that it is often called the "universal solvent?"
a)
Purity
b)
Polarity and cohesion
c)
High heat capacity
d)
Expansion upon freezing
13.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
14.
Water is polar because...
a)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.
b)
The molecule has two poles, at which the it is colder than other regions of the molecule.
c)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.
d)
The water molecule is neutral.
15.
What is the reason why oil and water don't mix?
a)
Oil is too heavy to mix with water
b)
Water can only mix with polar molecules
c)
Water can only mix with non-polar molecules
d)
Oil is too light to mix with water
16.
A molecule with electrically charged areas is called a _______________.
a)
magnet
b)
polar molecule
c)
solution
d)
electrical molecule
17.
The two strands making up the DNA double helix molecule
a)
contain ribose and deoxyribose in opposite strands.
b)
are held together by hydrogen bonds.
c)
are attached through a phosphate to hold the strands together.
d)
contain uracil but not thymine.
18.
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?
a)
Hydrolysis only occurs in the urinary system, and dehydration reactions
only occur in the digestive tract.
b)
Hydrolysis creates monomers, and dehydration reactions break down
polymers.
c)
Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis.
d)
Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks down
polymers.
19.
What is the molecule illustrated in the figure below?
a)
a trans polyunsaturated triacylglyceride
b)
a steroid similar to cholesterol
c)
a saturated fatty acid
d)
an unsaturated fatty acid
20.
At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains (R groups) most important?
a)
Primary
b)
Secondary
c)
Tertiary
d)
Quaternary
21.
The 20 different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical properties because of different
a)
amino groups attached to an alpha carbon
b)
asymmetric carbons.
c)
carboxyl groups attached to an alpha carbon
d)
side chains (R groups).
22.
Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because
a)
humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the alpha glycosidic linkages of starch but not the beta
glycosidic linkages of cellulose.
b)
the monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is
galactose.
c)
humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the beta
d)
the monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is
maltose.
23.
What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins?
a)
tertiary protein
b)
enzyme protein
c)
chaperonin
d)
denaturing protein
24.
How many atoms can a Carbon atom potentially bind to?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
25.
Which of the following is not a job of a protein
a)
Act as hormones and enzymes
b)
Do much of the work in cells and transport materials
c)
Build tissues and muscles
d)
store and transmit genetic information
26.
The process used to split polymers; this is done by adding water
a)
Dehydration
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Enzomatic
d)
Tetratonic
27.
The process/reaction used to link compounds/monomers together. Releases water.
a)
Dehydration
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Enzomatic
d)
Tetratonic
28.
The monomer, building block, of DNA and RNA; made up of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Monosaccharide
29.
Combines with 3 fatty acid chains to make up a triglyceride; part of the monomer of lipids
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Glycerol
d)
Nucleotide
30.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
31.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
32.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
33.
Which is not a use or function of protein?
a)
forms enzymes and hormones
b)
forms transport channel in cell membrane
c)
forms structural proteins in the body
d)
quick energy
34.
These organic molecules are used by the body for long term storage of energy and make up the structure of cell membranes.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
35.
Is this hydrocarbon saturated or unsaturated?
a)
saturated
b)
unsaturated
36.
Carbohydrates are made of...
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
37.
Which of the following elements make up nucleic acids?
a)
C, H, O
b)
C, H, O, N
c)
C, H, O, N, P
d)
C, H, O, Ca, S
38.
The energy needed to start a reaction
a)
activation energy
b)
adhesion energy
c)
chemical energy
d)
cohesion energy
39.
The lower the pH, the greater the concentration of :
a)
OH-
b)
H+
40.
What molecule is this?
a)
this is a monosaccharide
b)
this is a polysaccharide
c)
this is a protein
d)
this is a lipid
41.
If someone is lactose intolerant, they lack the enzyme _____.
a)
lipase
b)
lactose
c)
lactase
d)
milk
42.
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets are part of what level of protein structure?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quaternary
43.
A solution with a pH of 8.6 would be...
a)
Acid
b)
Base
c)
Neutral
d)
Acid and Base
44.
What does pH measure?
a)
Amount of Oxygen Ions
b)
Amount of Hydrogen/Hydronium Ions
c)
The amount of salt in a solution
d)
The density
45.
The image is an example of a
a)
Lipid
b)
Polysaccaride
c)
Protein
d)
Lipid (polypeptide)
46.
Which level of protein structure detremines the function of a protein?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quarternary
47.
When water is added to split a molecule, the reaction is known as a(n) __ reaction.
a)
dehydration synthesis
b)
condensation
c)
hydrolysis
d)
super magical
48.
The three elements that make up most of all 4 types of macromolecules
a)
Water, Oxygen, & Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
d)
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, & Sulfur
49.
The structural level of a protein least affected by hydrogen bonds is
a)
primary level
b)
secondary level
c)
tertiary level
d)
all levels are equally affected
50.
Which of these describes a saturated fatty acid?
a)
All C-H bonds are full
b)
They form straight chains
c)
They are solids at room temp.
d)
All of the above
51.
What element is found in proteins and nucleic acids but not carbs nor lipids?
a)
carbon
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
oxygen
52.
What Group does this photo represent?
a)
Carbonyl
b)
Phosphate
c)
Sulfyhydryl
d)
Carboxyl
53.
This is a picture of a?
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Polysaccharide
54.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
55.
Which is true regarding this graph?
a)
The reaction is exothermic
b)
The reaction requires energy from the environment
c)
dG is positive
d)
Enzymes would lower A
56.
Which represents the net energy of the reaction?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
57.
Which is true regarding this graph?
a)
energy is released into the environment
b)
it doesn't required any activation energy
c)
it requires energy from the environment
d)
enzymes would not work on this reaction
58.
What makes a molecule polar?
a)
Equal sharing of valence electrons
b)
Unequal sharing of valence electrons
c)
Stealing of electrons
d)
Temporary charges that come and go
59.
Which biomolecule is mainly hydrocarbons and therefore very hydrophobic?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
nucleic acid
c)
protein
d)
lipid
60.
Peptide bonds are formed when _ link to form a polymer.
a)
nucleic acids
b)
amino acids
c)
monosaccharides
d)
polypeptides
61.
Curly hairstyles can be accomplished by getting a permanent, often called a perm. During this process, hair is wrapped around rods and then treated with a chemical, such as sodium thioglycolate. This chemical disrupts the disulfide bonds in the hair, which is composed of a protein called keratin. It then reforms disulfide bonds in different places, forcing the hair to be curly. At what level of structure in the keratin protein does sodium thioglycolate work?
a)
Primary
b)
Secondary
c)
Tertiary
d)
Quaternary
62.
Which of the following does not support the RNA world hypothesis, which states that RNA functioned as the first genetic material in early protobionts?
a)
Many of the most critical elements of cells are composed mostly or entirely of RNA.
b)
RNA has been demonstrated to act as a catalyst in modern cells.
c)
Modern cells use an RNA template when synthesizing proteins.
d)
In modern cells, RNA provides the template on which DNA nucleotides are assembled.
63.
Which statement is correct based on the structure of the macromolecule shown above?
a)
The long hydrocarbon chain makes it insoluble in water.
b)
The hydroxyl groups make it soluble in water.
c)
The carboxyl group makes it soluble in water.
d)
The solubility is determined by the addition of an “R” group.
64.
Many plant leaves have an outer layer, called the waxy cuticle, that aids in the prevention of dehydration via transpiration. When water falls on the waxy cuticle, it immediately beads up and rolls off. Based on this information, what must be true of the waxy cuticle?
a)
It is amphiphilic.
b)
It hydrolyzes the water molecules.
c)
It is hydrophobic.
d)
It has catalytic properties.
65.
The theory that organic compounds arose from the inorganic molecules present on early Earth relies on all of the following assumptions except for one. Which one is an incorrect assumption?
a)
High energy input in the form of lighting and/or UV radiation
b)
Oxygen gas present in the atmosphere
c)
The presence of inorganic molecules
d)
The Earth is 4.6 billion years old, allowing sufficient time for evolution to occur.
66.
When glycogen is hydrolyzed, it forms
a)
Cellulose
b)
Sucrose
c)
Polysaccharides
d)
Glucose
67.
DNA and RNA are composed of several nucleotide monomers bonded together. Where does this bond occur between two nucleotides?
a)
Between the sugar and the phosphate
b)
Between adjacent nitrogenous bases
c)
Between the sugar and the neighboring nitrogenous base
d)
Between the phosphate and the neighboring nitrogenous base
68.
Soap is used to wash soluble and insoluble substances off of surfaces. While the water used with soap is able to dissolve soluble substances, it has no effect on insoluble substances. A hydrophobic molecule in soap is able to dissolve insoluble substances. Which of the following could be a molecule used in soap?
a)
Polysaccharide
b)
Fatty acid
c)
Chitin
d)
Pyrimidine
69.
Which statement is correct based on the structure of the macromolecule shown above?
a)
The molecule is amphiphilic.
b)
The molecule contributes to high cholesterol.
c)
The molecule is used for energy storage.
d)
The molecule can fold in on itself because of its polar “R” group.
70.
Some scientists believe that the first monomers on early Earth came from meteorites that fell to Earth. What evidence do scientists use to support this theory?
a)
An experiment conducted by Stanley-Miller simulated meteorite conditions and were able to produce important monomers.
b)
Pieces of meteorites that have been found to contain a variety of organic chemicals.
c)
The astronomer Edward Hubble observed this happening on other planets.
d)
Meteorites are amphiphilic and therefore are capable of carrying foreign molecules through Earth’s atmosphere.
71.
When a strand of DNA is unfolded, the bases on one side read as follows: 5’ – TCAG – 3’ What will the complimentary strand read?
a)
5’ – AGUC – 3’
b)
5’ – AGTC – 3’
c)
3’ – AGUC – 5’
d)
3’ – AGTC – 5’
72.
Which of the following levels of protein structure is not interrupted during denaturation?
a)
Primary
b)
Secondary
c)
Tertiary
d)
Quaternary
73.
A scientist is working with a polysaccharide that consists of 15 monosaccharides. How many molecules of water will be required to completely hydrolyze the molecule?
a)
13
b)
14
c)
15
d)
16
74.
The first cells are thought to have been an accumulation of organic molecules. Called protobionts, these first cells contained all of the following capabilities, except
a)
Metabolism
b)
Separation from the outer environment
c)
Replication
d)
Photosynthesis
75.
A nucleoside is composed of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar linked to a nitrogenous base. What else is required in order for the nucleoside to become a nucleotide?
a)
One of 20 R groups.
b)
Either a purine or a pyrimidine
c)
A phosphate group
d)
Glycerol
76.
Most biomolecules are polymers composed of monomer building blocks. Which category of biomolecules does not follow this plan?
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
77.
Which of the following statements about protein structure is incorrect?
a)
A change in one amino acid in the primary structure will cause a change in the entire protein.
b)
Secondary structure uses hydrophobic interactions and to create folds in the polypeptide backbone.
c)
Tertiary structure is the result of interactions between the side chains.
d)
Quaternary structure folds several polypeptides into a functional protein.
78.
Which of the following is not true concerning the differences between RNA and DNA?
a)
RNA contains pyrimidines while DNA contains purines.
b)
The sugar in DNA contains one less oxygen than the sugar in RNA.
c)
DNA forms a double helix while RNA is able to fold in on itself.
d)
RNA is thought to have evolved before DNA.
79.
Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about denaturation.
a)
Denaturation can be reversible.
b)
Denaturation affects primary, secondary, and tertiary structure but not quaternary structure.
c)
Denaturation can occur as a result of inadequate pH levels.
d)
Denaturation disrupts all hydrogen bonding.
80.
Which statement is correct based on the structure of the molecule shown above?
a)
The monomer is always polar.
b)
When several of these are linked together, they represent the first out of four levels of structure.
c)
The unique order of nitrogenous bases gives the macromolecule its function.
d)
The monomers of this type of macromolecule are connected via phosphodiester bonds.
81.
Chitin is a polysaccharide similar to cellulose, except that one hydroxyl group is replaced with a nitrogen group. In its natural state, chitin is strong but pliable. When paired with calcium carbonate, however, it becomes very strong and inflexible. Which of the following statements must also be true concerning chitin?
a)
It is composed of glucose.
b)
It is double stranded.
c)
It can be denatured at high temperatures.
d)
It is liquid at room temperature.
82.
Starch and glycogen are important polysaccharides. In what way are they different?
a)
Starch is soluble in water while glucose is not.
b)
Starch is composed of cellulose while glycogen is composed of glucose.
c)
Glycogen is found in animals while starch is found in plants.
d)
They both function as a source of energy.
83.
Which of the following is not involved in the tertiary structure of a protein?
a)
Hydrogen bond
b)
Disulfide bridge
c)
Peptide bond
d)
Ionic bond
84.
Cholesterol and estrogen are different types of steroids. Cholesterol is an important component of animal cell membranes. Estrogen, on the other hand, is the primary female sex hormone. What do these two molecules have in common?
a)
They are both composed of peptide bonds.
b)
Their levels in the body are impacted by levels of saturated fats.
c)
They are isomers of each other.
d)
They are both composed of four carbon rings fused together.
85.
In his 1953 experiment, Stanley Miller successfully created which of the following from NH3, CH4, and H2?
a)
Amino acids
b)
Simple monosaccharides
c)
Hydrocarbons
d)
RNA
86.
How many levels of structure does a single polypeptide chain require to perform a function?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
87.
There are properties associated with water that support life on earth. Which of the following best describes two of these properties?
a)
It takes a great deal of energy to change the state of water; water can dissolve most compounds
b)
It takes the presence of a solute to cause water molecules to form hydrogen bonds; water is adhesive
c)
It takes little energy to change the state of water; water molecules can form ionic bonds with each other
d)
It takes the absence of water for most chemical reactions to occur; water can change temperature quickly allowing for changing conditions
88.
Water is ________________. Liquid water occurs because it is able to form _______________ bonds between the _____________ on one water molecules and the ________________ on another.
a)
adhesive; hydrogen, hydrogen, hydrogen
b)
cohesive; hydrogen; hydrogen, oxygen
c)
cohesive; hydrogen; hydrogen, hydrogen
d)
adhesive; nitrogen, hydrogen, nitrogen
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