Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of____ molecules.

Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in____.

Plants undergo photosynthesis to produce glucose, a usable form of chemical energy. In the picture what reactant is missing in order for photosynthesis to occur?

The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to make____.

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires_____

Which process is used to produce beer and wine?

The starting molecule for glycolysis is ____.

The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain do not occur if ____.

Which of the following passes high-energy electrons into the electron transport chain?

How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?

The products of photosynthesis are the____.

Bromothymol blue (BTB) is a pH indicator that is also used to detect carbon dioxide (CO2). BTB is blue when pH is basic and CO2 is low. BTB is yellow when pH is acidic and CO2 is high. BTB is green when pH is neutral. A group of students are planning to perform an investigation in which they will place either a stalk of the aquatic plant elodea or a snail in a test tube that contains water with a neutral pH of 7 and BTB. The students will also include a test tube that contains elodea and a snail. Observing color change once the tubes have been placed under a growth light for several hours will allow the students to answer which TWO of the following questions? (Choose 2 answers!)

A) Do both elodea and snails require oxygen to survive?

B) Does elodea produce oxygen during photosynthesis?

C) Do snails respire faster when placed in a tube with elodea?

D) Do snails use the CO2 produced by elodea to produce oxygen?

E) Does photosynthesis performed by elodea remove CO2 from the water?

F) Does cellular respiration occur at a higher rate than photosynthesis in the tube with only elodea?

What reaction does ATP synthase catalyze when an H+ ion passes through its channel in Figure 9-3?

In Figure 9-1, how many ATP molecules are formed by fermentation?

In Figure 9-1, only the pathway labeled _?_ requires oxygen.

In Figure 9-1, what is the difference in products in Pathway B and Pathway C?

In Figure 9-1, which pathway would represent the type of fermentation that occurs in yeast?

In Figure 9-1, how many ATP molecules are formed by cellular respiration?

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from the foods they eat are called____.

How does the Calvin cycle differ from the light-dependent reactions?

Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?

If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant’s production of high-energy sugars?

What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

What process is shown in Figure 8-6?

What are the products of the Calvin cycle shown in Figure 8-6?

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions shown in Figure 8-6?

In Figure 8-6, what chemical is converted to sugar in the Calvin cycle?

What are the reactants of the light dependent reactions?

Which lettered graph represents the affect of carbon dioxide and light intensity on photosynthetic rate?

Which lettered graph represents the effect of temperature and water on photosynthetic rate?

The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?

Wrasse fish feed on the parasites found on the black sea bass's body (usually in the mouth). This is like dental floss for the fish and both species benefit. This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in the roots of some plants. They provide nitrogen in a form the plants need and obtain a “home” and nourishment from the plant. What type of relationship is this?

What may happen if the grains were removed from the food web pictured?

The diagram represents different levels of a terrestrial food pyramid. Between which two levels is the greatest amount of energy transferred?

Gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and exit a plant leaf through their ___.

The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because ____.

Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by ____.

CO₂ is returned to the atmosphere by all methods EXCEPT ____.

Matter can recycle through the biosphere because ____.

Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is ____.

Investigating a pond, you note that snails in the pond have thin, weak shells. This is most likely the result of a(an) ____.

The trophic levels in Figure 3–2 illustrate ____.

What type of pyramid is shown? How would a large omnivore change the flow of energy?

Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the detriment (ill effect) of the spruce. This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?

How does this cycle relate to plants and producing food?

Plants are considered producers. What ELEMENTS are rearranged to make glucose in plants?

What is a correct conclusion about the inputs & outputs of photosynthesis?

What term best describes light independent reaction and where does it occur?

In the food pyramid, the greatest biomass appears at the level of ____.

In the pyramid, the amount of potential food available for each trophic level _____

In this food chain, we could hypothetically assume that for every kilogram of biomass in the osprey eagle, it would require __________ kilograms of shrimp to keep the food chain balanced.

What is the major component missing from this food chain in order to see the flow of energy?

In the aquatic ecosystem shown, which organism would be considered a secondary consumer?

During the second set of photosynthetic reactions, called the Calvin cycle, all BUT ONE of the following occurs.

In photosynthesis, there are two subunits (photosystem I and photosystem II). These systems occur in the __?__ membranes of the chloroplast. Photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) are _?_ reactions.

The picture shows a series of reactions in a biochemical pathway. Which of these is CORRECT for this cycle?

If you were to place the bear into the energy pyramid, the bear would go on level _____ and have ________ amount of energy available to it.

In a food chain 90% of the energy is lost in the transfer at each trophic level, and only 10% passes as usable biological energy. What will happen if secondary consumers are removed from a food chain?

Much like carbon, the recycling of nitrogen through Earth's spheres relies heavily on what type of organism?

The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because ____.

Nitrogen in the atmosphere must be "fixed" before it can be used by plants. Atmospheric nitrogen is "fixed" by ___.

According to the law of conservation of matter, matter is never created or destroyed. Yet in a food pyramid the amount of biomass decreases as we move up through the pyramid, from producers to top level consumers. Why?

If the bald eagle was removed from this food web, what effect would this have on the population of the other species?

Fungi have been used for thousands of years to modify foods and beverages. Bread made without yeast fungi is flat. The addition of yeast to flat bread dough causes the dough to rise during baking. Yeast uses the process of fermentation to release energy and that process produces carbon dioxide as a by-product. The carbon dioxide is responsible for making the bread dough rise. Based on the data collected, the highest rising bread would use yeast, warm water and the addition of ___.

The purpose of a biology lab was to measure the oxygen consumption during seed germination as evidence of the rate of cellular respiration. Both germinating and non-germinating peas at different temperatures were used. Glass beads placed in one respirometer served as the control. Considering the chemical reaction for cellular respiration, what must be included in the respirometer containing the germinating seeds?

A bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which ecological terms describe the bird?

Hermit crabs will move into an old abandoned shell when their shell is no longer big enough to contain them. As the shell is inanimate (not living) it is not affected by this relationship. This is an example of which type of symbiosis?