WorksheetsAnatomy Final Exam Review
Total questions: 129
Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins
The study of the function of the body and body parts.
Physiology
Anatomy
Homeostasis
Ecology
The study of the structure and the shape of the body.
Physiology
Anatomy
Biology
Homeostasis
The largest organ of the body that produces Vitamin D, cushions deeper tissues, and helps regulate body temperature.
Muscular system
Skeletal system
Integumentary system
Nervous System
Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?
Organisms, organ system, tissue, organ, chemical, cellular level
Cellular, chemical, organ, tissue, organ system, organism level
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism level
Chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organism level
Hematopoiesis is a function of the:
Muscular system
Integumentary system
Respiratory system
Skeletal System
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
Transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste to and from body cells
Supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Hematopoiesis
Break down food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal
The system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones.
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
The muscular system includes:
Cardiac, smooth, skeletal muscle
Cardiac and skeletal only
Skeletal muscle only
Smooth and cardiac only
The pancreas is part of which two organ systems?
Digestive and urinary
Reproductive and endocrine
Endocrine and Respiratory
Digestive and endocrine
The elbow is _____to the wrist.
Distal
Proximal
Lateral
Inferior
The sternum is _____ to the heart.
Deep
Medial
Posterior
Anterior
The anterior surface of the elbow.
popliteal
antebrachial
Antecubital
femoral
Which of the following best describes the lower back region?
anterior; thoracic cavity
anterior;sternum
posterior; lumbar region
anterior; lumbar region
If someone injures ACL. What region of the body did the injury occur?
Patellar
Popliteal
Carpal
Gluteal
Which of these regions are associated with the parts of the arm?
Femoral, popliteal, patellar
acromial, sacral, gluteal
nasal, oral, occipital
brachial, antecubital, carpal
Specialized membrane junctions that allow nutrients, ions, electrical impulses to travel from cell to cell.
Desmosomes
inclusions
gap junctions
microvilli
Tissue that covers and lines the body that functions in excretion, absorption, protection, and filtration.
Nervous tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
adipose tissue
The epithelial tissue found in areas subject to considerable friction and abuse such as the esophagus is
pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Simple columnar
This type of epithelial tissue contains goblet cells that secrete mucous which line digestive tract and the nasal cavity.
Simple cuboidal
Stratified Squamous ET
Simple columnar epithelial tissue
Simple squamous
Which description best describes cardiac muscle tissue?
Movement is involuntary and cells possess striations
Single nucleus and spindled shape
Multinucleated and long cylindrical shape
movement is voluntary and cell possess striations
Muscle that lines walls of hollow organs and blood vessels.
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
skeletal muscle
epithelial tissue
Tissue that is usually well vascularized , has an extensive extracellular matrix; Function as protection, support, binding tissues together is called
epithelial
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
What are intercalated disc and what type of tissue are they found in?
Desmosomes; smooth muscle
Gap junctions; skeletal muscle
Gap junctions; cardiac muscle
tight junctions; epithelial tissue
A single layer of flattened cells.
Simple squamous
Stratified squamous
simple columnar
Stratified squamous
Synovial membranes are found in the :
covering of the heart
joint cavities
lining of the stomach cavitiy
covering of the brain
Skin, hair, nails, sebaceous glands all are a part of the
skeletal system
immune system
Endocrine
Integumentary system
The most abundant type of cartilage in the body.
Fibrocartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Dense fibrous tissue
Which of the following is a vital function of skin?
it aids in desiccation
the cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy
it aids in the transport of materials throughout the body
it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin d
Although you get wet while swimming, a tough proteins within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is
serous fluid
melanin
keratin
carotene
The pigment that is produced in the stratum basal that gives skin and hair color.
serous fluid
mucus
Keratin
Melanin
The epidermis is composed of:
Stratified squamous epithelium
simple columnar epithelium
adipose tissue
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Melanocytes are found in the
Stratum spinosum
stratum lucidium
stratum basale
stratum granulosum
Finger-like projections of the dermis into the epidermis are called
Meissner's corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles
hair bulbs
Dermal papillae
Oil glands that are found all over the skin except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Sebaceous glands
sudoriferous glands
eccrine glands
apocrine glands
Sweat glands that are found only in the axillary regions and gential areas and are not activated until puberty.
sebaceous glands
sudoriferous glands
Apocrine glands
Endocrine glands
Glands that release secretions through ducts.
Endocrine
Exocrine
Touch receptors located at the surface of the skin.
Meissner's corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles
dermal papillae
hair bulbs
Which of the following is an indication of melanoma?
a pigmented spot with smooth borders
a symmetrical mole
a pigmented spot contains areas of different colors
A spot smaller than a pencil eraser
The most important minerals stored in bones.
Calcium and phosphorus
Calcium and iron
sodium and potassium
calcium and potassium
What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces the friction in joints?
yellow marrow
Articular (hyaline) cartilage
red marrow
Periosteum
The function of yellow marrow in adults .
form blood cells
store calcium salts
store adipose tissue
Cause length wise growth in bones
The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that;
A bone is dead
the bone length is no longer increasing
the bone diameter is increasing
the bone length is increasing
Bone cells that respond to parathyroid hormone to destroy bone martix and release calcium into the blood:
Osteoclast
osteoblast
osteocyte
erythrocytes
The axial skeleton includes:
Bones of the limb
Scapula, clavicle, ribs
skull, vertebral column, sternum, ribs, coxal bones
skull, vertebral column, sternum, ribs
Which of the following bones is NOT considered part of the appendicular skeleton?
Femur
Radius
Metatarsals
Sternum
The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called:
lacunae
Volkman's canals
Haversian canal
Trabeculae
Which of the following are the stages of healing of a bone fracture in order?
Hematoma formation, bony callus formation, fibrocartilage callus formation, bone remodeling
Hematoma formation, fibrocartilage callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling.
Bone remodeling, bony callus formation, fibrocartilage callus formation, hematoma formation
none of the above
Compound fracture is best described as:
Bone is broken into many fragments
broken bones are forced into each other
bone is crushed
Broken bone is exposed to the outside
Which two bones constitute the forearm?
radius and humerus
fibula and tibia
radius and ulna
humerus and scapula
Which of the following is correct of the female pelvis when comparing it with the male pelvis?
The pelvic girdle in females is wider and more rounded.
The pelvic girdle in females is more narrow and heavier
There are no differences between a male and female pelvis
The female iliac bones are less flared
Which of these bones is NOT a long bone found in the leg?
femur
fibula
metatarsals
patella
Identify
Epithelial cell
Neuron
Muscle fiber
Osteocyte
Identify
Cardiac muscle
skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
densce connective tissue
The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle is called
sarcolemma
sarcomere
sarcoplasmic reticulum
myofilament
Which type of muscle tissue responds to the fastest stimulations to contract
cardiac
skeletal
smooth
tendons
Acetylcholine is
a source of energy for a muscle fiber
a neurotransmitter that stimulates other nerves
a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle
oxygen binding protein
Neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the:
myofibrils
motor unit
thick filaments
axons terminals of the motor neuron
An elaborate and specialized network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that function in calcium storage:
mitochondria
sarcolemma
sarcoplasmic reticulum
myofibril
Which of these pathways is the fastest way to regenerate atp during muscle activity?
anaerobic glycolysis
Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
aerobic respiration
oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following muscle closes the jaw:
zygomaticus
frontalis
buccinator
masseter and temporalis
Which of the muscles is NOT located in the head?
Frontalis
orbicularis oris
sartorious
buccinator
Which of the following is NOT a function of muscular system?
Generate heat
Sense the internal environment
Stabilize joints
Produce movement
The muscle that allows you to wink.
zygomaticus
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis Oculi
Buccinator
Muscles that form the round part of your shoulder.
Deltoid
Trapezius
Pectoralis major
Rectus abdominous
Superficial muscle of the posterior neck and upper trunk.
Latissimus Dorsi
Plasytma
Trapezius
Erector spinae
Whistling, blowing, and sucking is using which muscle?
zygomaticus
platysma
masseter
buccinator
A muscle that is located on the anterior side of the body.
Transverse abdominus
occipitalis
gastrocnemius
gluteus medius
The muscle that closes, purses and protrudes the lips.
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oculi
buccinator
zygomaticus
The term central nervous system refers to the :
Spinal cord and nerves
Brain and spinal cord
Brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves
Autonomic and peripheral nervous system
Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system.
motor
visceral sensory
Somatic sensory
parasympathetic
Which of the following is the function of the nervous system?
Monitor the environment
Protect organs
Interpret sensory input
Response to the environment
movement and maintain posture
Neuron processes that normally receive incoming stimuli are called:
axons
dendrites
neurolemmas
schwann cells
Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are:
cerebral
unmyelinated
Myelinated
Sensory
The Peripheral Nervous system includes
Brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves
The brain and spinal nerves.
cranial and spinal nerves
Cranial nerves only
An action potential is caused by an influx of these ions into the cell.
Sodium
Calcium
potassium
magnesium
The gap between two communicating neurons.
Synaptic cleft
cell body
effector
node of Ranvier
The elevated ridges of tissue on the cerebral hemispheres.
tracts
ganglia
sulci
gyri
Shallow grooves of the cerebral hemispheres.
ganglion
gyri
sulci
fissures
Primary motor function is controlled by what part of the brain?
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
parietal lobe
Brain stem
If the broca's area of the frontal lope is injured what would the symptoms be?
The inability to vocalize what you want to say.
Loss of balance
Loss of motor control
Nothing would happen
The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the:
diencephalon
hypothalamus
brain stem
Pineal gland
Which lobe contains the primary motor area and enables voluntary control of the skeletal muscle.
temporal lobe
occipital lobe
Parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
The pituitary gland is most closely associated with the:
hypothalamus
thalamus
midbrain
medulla oblongata
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst functions associated with the:
medulla oblongata
cerebellum
hypothalamus
thalamus
The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the :
pons
midbrain
Medulla oblongata
cerebrum
Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the:
cerebellum
hypothalamus
thalamus
midbrain
Most hormones are :
regulated by positive feedback mechanisms
Released upon stimulation by other hormones
controlled by blood levels of ions or nutrients
classified as steroids
An enlargement of the thyroid gland resulting from a deficiency of dietary iodine is called:
cretinism
acromegaly
goiter
exophthalmos
The body's major metabolic hormone is called:
Growth hormone
adrenaline
Thyroid hormone
calcitonin
Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body:
T3 and T4
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
oxytocin and prolactin
insulin and glucagon
The fight or flight response triggers the release of:
ADH
prolactin
melatonin
epinephrine
Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels:
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Insulin
growth hormone
The hormone that increases blood glucose levels:
epinephrine
glucagon
insulin
growth hormone
When the ventricles contract, the bicupsid valve prevents blood from flowing from the :
left ventricle and pulmonary artery
right atrium and right ventricle
left ventricle to the left atrium
right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart by the:
pulmonary veins
aorta
pulmonary trunk
superior and inferior vena cavae
Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood:
Pulmonary vein
pulmonary artery
inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is:
arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, venules, vein
arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules
arteriers, arterioles, capillary beds, vein, venules
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules
Gas exchange occurs in the :
trachea
pharynx
alveoli
nose
Veins:
operate under high pressure
transport oxygen rich blood
Contain valves to prevent back flow of blood
branch into smaller vessels called arterioles
What is the role of mucus in the nasal cavity;
Trap incoming bacteria and foreign debris
act as a resonance chamber for speech
increase air turbulence in the nasal cavity
lighten the skull
The opening between the vocal cords.
thyroid cartilage
trachea
Epiglottis
glottis
The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swallowing is the :
adam's apple
glottis
epiglottis
thyroid cartilage
Protein digestion begins in the
esophagus
small intestine
stomach
mouth
Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs:
the bases of the lungs sit on the diaphragm
Both lungs have two lobes
the left lung has two lobes
the narrower portion of the lungs is called the apex
When oxygen enters the respiratory system, what is the next structure to which it travels immediately upon leaving the trachea:
bronchioles
alveoli
main (primary) bronchi
pleura
Which one of the following represents the correct order through which food passes in alimentary canal:
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestin
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine
pharynx, mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine
Which of the following modifications increases surface area in small intestine with finger-like extensions of the mucosa:
circular folds
cilia
vili
sphincters
Which two organs release secretions into the duodenum of the small intestine:
Liver and gallbladder
Liver and pancreas
cecum and appendix
spleen and liver
The primary function of the small intestine is:
vitamin conversion
waste secretion
absorption of water
Absorption of nutrients
The organ responsible for drying out indigestible food residue through water absorption and the elimination of feces is the:
Pancreas
stomach
small intestine
Large intestines
Bile is produced by the
gallbladder
liver
pancreas
small intestine
Bile is stored in the:
spleen
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
Digestion is primarily controlled by the :
somatic nervous system
medulla oblongata
sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
Pepsin is necessary for the stomach to break down:
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acid
Proteins
Starch
Which one of the following is NOT a main role of the liver:
to make cholesterol
to process nutrients during digestion
to add ammonia to the blood
to detoxify drugs and alcohol
Which one of the following is NOT one of the functions of the kidneys:
regulate blood volume
Produce hormones that assist in digestion
convert vitamin D from its inactive to its active form
dispose of metabolic waste products
The kidneys are aided in the excretion of fluids by the :
lungs
skin and hair
lungs and skin
skin
Uric acid, nitrogenous waste product, results from the metabolism of:
creatinine
nucleic acids
proteins
amino acids
The tube connecting the renal hilum of the kidney to the bladder is the:
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct
ureter
uretha
The bladder is able to expand as urine accumulates within it due to the presence of:
Simple squamous ET
Spincters
Transitional epithelium
pseudostratified epithelium
Urine is transported from the bladder to the outside of the body by the:
Urethra
Ureter
Collecting duct
Trigone
Antidiuretic hormone prevents excessive water loss by promoting water reabsorption in the:
bladder
Collecting duct
glomerulus
Proximal convoluted tubule
Fats and nucleic acids are mostly broken down in the:
stomach
Mouth
Small intestine
Large intestine
Enzymes used by the small intestine are secreted by what organ?
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Stomach
When food is rushed through the large intestine would result in:
Diarrhea
Constipation
Diverticulitis
blood stool
Which one of the following substances is normally found in urine:
creatinine
hemoglobin
red blood cells
white blood cells
The average adult bladder is moderately full with _____ of urine within it.
1000mL
100mL
1 liter
500mL
A blood pH of 7.4 is considered:
acidic
Normal
basic
acidosis
When carbon dioxide enters the blood from tissue cells, it is converted to _____ for transport within blood plasma.
Ammonia
sodium hydroxide
Bicarbonate ion
urea
