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Organic molecules revision 10d

Total questions: 133

Worksheet time: 3hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The D in DNA stands for

a)

double stranded

b)

deoxyribo

c)

denature

d)

dicarbo

2.

DNA is copied during

a)

During cell division

b)

All the time

c)

During protein production

3.

Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleotide

a)

sugar

b)

phosphate

c)

nitrogen base

d)

amino acid

4.

Adenine pairs with

a)

Thymine

b)

Thyme

c)

Guanine

d)

Glutamine

5.

The backbone of DNA is made of

a)

base pairs

b)

sugars and phosphates

c)

only sugars

d)

only phosphates

6.

The two strands of DNA are held together with

a)

covalent bonds

b)

hydrogen bonds

c)

nothing

7.

If a DNA molecule has 30% Guanine bases, how many Cytosine bases will it have?

a)

30%

b)

25%

c)

20%

d)

10%

8.

One function of DNA is to

a)

code for proteins

b)

code for lipids

c)

code for carbohydrates

9.

The first step in DNA replication is

a)

to unwind and unzip the two strands

b)

to break the backbone in half so the sequence can be copies

c)

to attach new nucleotides

d)

to proof read the sequence

10.

What does semiconservative replication mean?

a)

that the DNA is proof read at the end of the process

b)

that the newly made DNA has one strand from the original DNA and one new strand

c)

that the newly made DNA will send half of its strand to one cell and leave the old strand in the original cell

d)

that the original DNA strands come back together after replication is over

11.

Bacteria DNA looks the same as human DNA structurally speaking

a)

True

b)

False

12.

Human gene can be placed into a bacteria. The bacteria can then use it to make a human protein like hair.

a)

True

b)

False

13.

Which is this picture showing?

a)

Protein synthesis

b)

DNA replication

c)

Gene editing

14.

What is the name of this?

a)

DNA

b)

deoxyribose sugar

c)

nucleotide

d)

nitrogenous base

15.

The DNA sequence is TTA CCG What is the complementary sequence?

a)

TTA CCG

b)

AAT GGC

c)

GGC AAT

16.

The DNA sequence is ATG what is the complementary sequence?

a)

ATG

b)

GTA

c)

TAC

17.

What does the term antiparallel refer to?

a)

the two strands are connected upside down

b)

the the DNA is made of two strands

c)

DNA twists

d)

DNA copies itself from bottom up to the top of the strand

18.

The backbone is held with covalent bonds so the

a)

sequence doesn't get out of order

b)

base pairs don't separate

19.

Semiconservative replication is how DNA reproduces. What does it mean

a)

DNA will only partially copy itself

b)

One strand is kept as a template to build the other new strand

c)

One strand is upside down to the other strand.

d)

One strand is made of DNA while the other strand is made of proteins

20.

Which of the following are the bases for RNA?

a)

adenine, uracil, thymine, and guanine

b)

adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine

c)

adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine

d)

adenine, uracil, thymine, and cytosine

21.

The correct nucleotide match for DNA Replication from bottom to top would be ​ ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
A, G, C, T
T, C, G, A
A, G, C, U
A, C, G, U
22.

Match the following parts of DNA

a)
1.

Deoxyribose

Sugar

b)
2.

Nitrogen Base

c)
3.

Phosphate Group

d)
4.

Nucleotide

23.

Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?

a)

Ribose, Phosphate groups, and Adenine

b)

Deoxyribose, Phosphate groups, and guanine

c)

Phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine

d)

Phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine

24.

There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following is true?

a)

Several different codons can specify the same amino acid.

b)

Each codon specifies a different amino acid.

c)

Some amino acids have no link to a codon

d)

Each amino acid is specified by only one codon

25.

During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the

a)

codon on the rRNA and the anticodon on the rRNA

b)

anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

c)

anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA

d)

codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

26.

What is the order of protein synthesis?

a)

DNA transcribes to mRNA

b)

mRNA moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm

c)

mRNA binds to the rRNA

d)

mRNA codon's bond to the tRNA's anticodons to form amino acids

e)

amino acids build into proteins in the cytoplasm

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
27.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
28.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
29.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
30.
The 3 categories of carbohydrates are:
a)
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
b)
glucose, fructose, galatose
c)
starch, cellulose, chitin
d)
There are no categories of carbohydrates
31.

Carbohydrates that contain 10 monosaccharide units or more are called__________________ .

a)

Disaccharides

b)

saccharide

c)

polysaccharides

d)

monosaccharides

32.

How does the body use carbohydrates?

a)

The body breaks it down and converts it into glucose which your body uses as energy

b)

The body coverts it to protein to use when needed

c)

The body breaks it down and uses it to build and repair body tissue

d)

The body uses it to help transport vitamins and minerals throughout the body

e)

None of the above are true about how the body uses carbohydrates

33.

Match the following

a)

Monosaccharide

1.

One unit of sugar

b)

Disaccharide

2.

2 Units of sugar paired

c)

Polysaccharide

3.

chains of sugar,could have branches

34.

Match the following

a)

Glucose

1.

Monosccharide

b)

Starch

2.

Polysaccharide

c)

Lactose

3.

Disaccharide

35.
What atoms make up all carbohydrates?
a)
Carbon, Sulfur, Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus
c)
Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen
d)
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
36.

What is the monomer that makes up carbohydrates?

a)

Monosaccarides

b)

Fatty Acids

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Nucleotides

37.
Sugars all end with what three letter ending?
a)
-ote
b)
-ate
c)
-ase
d)
-ose
38.

Cellulose, starch and glycogen are examples of:

a)

monosaccharides

b)

disaccharides

c)

lipids

d)

polysaccharides

39.

What is the following molecule?

a)

alpha glcuose

b)

beta glucose

c)

amino acid

d)

disaccharide

40.

Glucose, fructose and galactose are examples of:

a)

monosaccharides

b)

disaccharides

c)

lipids

d)

polysaccharides

41.

Sucrose, maltose and lactose are examples of:

a)

monosaccharides

b)

disaccharides

c)

lipids

d)

polysaccharides

42.

Match the following

a)

Sucrose

1.

Glucose + fructose

b)

Lactose

2.

Glucose + galactose

c)

Maltose

3.

Glucose + glucose

43.

Which polysaccharide is used by plants to store glucose?

a)

glycogen

b)

cellulose

c)

starch

d)

chitin

44.

What is the polysaccharide used by animals to store glucose?

a)

glycogen

b)

fructose

c)

starch

d)

cellulose

45.

Which polysaccharide is used by plants to make their cell wall?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

cellulose

d)

chitin

46.
What type of carbohydrate is this?
a)
polysaccharide
b)
disaccharide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
it isn't a carbohydrate
47.
The scientific name for table sugar is ___
a)
lactose
b)
sucrose
c)
galactose
d)
glucose
48.
The simple sugar from fruit is called_____.
a)
sucrose
b)
lactose
c)
fructose
d)
maltose
49.
The simple sugar in milk is ________.
a)
lactose
b)
maltose
c)
sucrose
d)
fructose
50.

Which of the following elements are found in all macromolecules? (Select all that apply).

a)
b)
c)
d)
51.

Nucleic acids make up which of the two molecules listed below?

a)

FDA

b)

RNA

c)

DNA

d)

FDR

52.

What COLOR is the "Enzyme" in this picture?

a)

Green

b)

Blue

c)

Black

53.

Match the following

a)
1.

carbohydrate

b)
2.

lipid

c)
3.

protein

54.

Match the MACROMOLECULES and their MONOMERS.

Hint: Monomer = a single unit

a)

carbohydrate

1.

monosaccharide

b)

lipid

2.

fatty acid & glycerol

c)

protein

3.

amino acid

d)

nucleic acid

4.

nucleotide

55.

Match the following MONOMERS and MACROMOLECULES

a)
1.

Nucleic Acid

b)
2.

Protein

c)
3.

Lipid

d)
4.

Carbohydrate

56.

An enzyme is a ______________.

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

57.

Which macromolecule gives LONG-TERM energy?

a)

lipid

b)

carbohydrate

c)

nucleic acid

58.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
59.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
60.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
61.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
62.
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
a)
a substrate
b)
an enzyme
c)
a product
d)
an active site
63.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
64.
Enzymes provide a site where reactants called substrates can be brought together in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The site is called the
a)
enzyme substrate complex.
b)
reaction site.
c)
active site.
d)
lock and key.
65.

Monosaccharides are the monomers of which macromolecules?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

66.

What type of macromolecule is this?

a)

A polysaccharide

b)

a fatty acid

c)

an amino acid

d)

a nucleotide

67.

What is true about this macromolecule?

a)

It is a saturated triglyceride

b)

it is an unsaturated triglyceride

c)

It is likely from an animal fat, like butter

d)

It is likely from a plant fat, like olive oil

68.

Which of the following macromolecules provides structure in plants?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

69.

Match the following macromolecule to the image

a)

1.

Carbohydrate

b)

2.

Lipid

c)

3.

Protein

d)

4.

Nucleic Acid

70.

Which of the following is a function of lipids?

a)

stores energy

b)

provides energy

c)

structure in plants

d)

waterproofs surfaces

e)

makes cell membranes

71.

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

a)

Starch

b)

Glucose

c)

Enzymes

d)

RNA

72.

Wax is a highly hydrophobic lipid polymer. What is it's main function?

a)

Make cell membranes

b)

Waterproof surfaces

c)

Provide Energy

d)

Part of the immune system

e)

Stores genetic instructions

73.

Which of the following elements is not needed to make an amino acid, and thus a protein?

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Sodium

d)

Nitrogen

e)

Oxygen

74.

Select all of the following that are proteins:

a)

Antibodies

b)

Enzymes

c)

Keratin

d)

Fructose

e)

Fatty Acids

75.

What happened to the protein?

a)

It was polymerized

b)

It was denatured

c)

It was unsaturated

d)

It was saturated

76.

Which macromolecule monomer is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

77.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

a)

Long Term Energy Storage

b)

Structure in plants

c)

Store and Transmit Genetic Information

d)

Forms animal structures like hair and skin

78.

Which of the following is an example of a nucleic acid polymer?

a)

Starch

b)

Triglyceride

c)

Keratin

d)

Ribonucleic Acid

79.

What are the building blocks of lipids?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Fatty Acids

d)

Nucleotides

80.

Which part of the cell produce proteins?

a)

mitochondria

b)

ribosome

c)

nucleus

d)

vacuole

81.

This are fatty deposits/ build up in your arteries that causes atherosclerosis. These deposits are made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood). As it builds up, the wall of the blood vessel thickens.

a)

Flake

b)

Plaque

c)

Cavity

d)

Lump

82.

Triglycerides are

a)

Natural fats and lipid

b)

Oil and natural fats

c)

Lipid and oil

83.

What is the label 1?

a)

phosphate

b)

hydrophobic tail

c)

glycerol

d)

hydrophobic head

84.

Which label is the phospholipid bilayer ?

a)

Y

b)

X

c)

Z

85.

Three main types of lipids

a)

triglycerides

b)

phospholipids

c)

waxes

d)

all of the above

86.

Which molecule makes up the basic structure of a cell membrane?

a)

carbs

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

87.

Which of the following are examples of lipids (check all that apply)?

a)

cellulose

b)

fats

c)

starch

d)

oils

e)

waxes

88.

Many monomers bond together to form _____________ through the process of ________________________.

a)

dimers, dehydration synthesis

b)

polymers, dehydration synthesis

c)

polymers, hydrolysis

d)

dimers, hydrolysis

89.

How can you tell if a chemical formula is a lipid or a carbohydrate?

a)

only carbohydrates have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

b)

carbohydrates will have a 1 carbon to 1 water molecule ratio

c)

only lipids have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

d)

you can't tell the difference, because they both have carbon hydrogen, and oxygen.

90.

This molecule is a ____________.

a)

carbohydrate

b)

nucleic acid

c)

protein

d)

lipid

91.
Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
a)
liquid
b)
gases
c)
plasma
d)
solid
92.
Which of the following elements is NOT found in carbohydrates?
a)
Carbon
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Nitrogen
d)
Oxygen
93.

The characteristic that all lipids have in common is ______.

a)

made of lots of double bonds

b)

acidic when mixed with water

c)

no high energy content

d)

do not dissolve in water

94.
Unsaturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
a)
liquids
b)
solids
c)
toxic
d)
saturated
95.
_________ is a carbohydrate polymer that humans cannot digest and that make up cell walls of plants.
a)
Starch
b)
Cellulose
c)
Glucose
d)
Lactose
96.
Which of the following about UNSATURATED fats is true?
a)
They are more common in animals than in plants.
b)
They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains.
c)
They generally solidify at room temperature.
d)
They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.
97.
A fatty acid chain with only C-C bonds (single bonds) is ________________ and makes the molecule a solid at room temperature, like butter or lard.
a)
saturated
b)
unsaturated
98.

These are examples of

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

99.

What is the storage(s) form of carbohydrate found in mammals?

a)

Glucose and glycogen

b)

Glycogen

c)

starch

d)

Fiber and glycogen

100.
Your body breaks down most complex carbohydrates into:
a)
fructose
b)
sucrose
c)
glucose
d)
starch
101.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
102.
Which of the following nutrients is important for body, cell, and muscle growth and repair?
a)
vitamins
b)
fats
c)
proteins
d)
carbohydrates
103.
Which nutrient should be eaten before, during and after exercise for quick energy? 
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate 
c)
Fat
d)
Water
104.
What is the main reason for eating a wide variety of foods? 
a)
to learn the food label
b)
to provide all the nutrients you need 
c)
to keep from getting bored with your diet 
d)
to help improve physical fitness 
105.

Which type of Amino Acids can not be produce by the body, so you must get them from foods with protein.

a)

Essential Amino-Acids

b)

Non-Essential Amino Acids

106.

These are the building blocks of proteins.

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Fatty Acids

d)

Nucleotides

107.

What is the monomer or building block of proteins?

a)

glucose

b)

nucleotides

c)

amino acids

d)

lipids

108.
What is an example of a protein?
a)

Strawberries

b)

Bread

c)

Pasta

d)

Pork

109.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
110.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

111.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

112.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

113.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
114.

The mRNA reads UAG, what will the tRNA carry?

115.

The mRNA reads CCA: what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying?

116.

the bond that loosely hold together the nitrogenous bases on each strand of DNA

a)

covalent

b)

ionic

c)

hydrogen

d)

james

117.

All amino acids have the same basic structure. Which part of the amino acid makes each each one unique?

a)

amino group

b)

carboxyl group

c)

R-group (side chain)

118.

Dehydration synthesis is the reaction that occurs, allowing amino acids to bond. What happens during this process?

a)

add water to build a bond

b)

add water to break a bond

c)

remove water to build a bond

d)

remove water to break a bond

119.

What happens during transcription?

a)

a new strand of DNA is made

b)

a mRNA strand is made from a DNA template

c)

an amino acid chain is made from a mRNA strand

120.

The ribosome reads the mRNA in sets of three bases called the:

a)

anticodon

b)

codon

c)

amino acid

121.

Which protein transports oxygen through the bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of the bloodstream.

a)

Hemoglobin

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Actin

d)

Gluten

122.

Through dehydration synthesis two or more amino acids are linked together by

a)

a ionic bond

b)

a polar covalent bond

c)

a nonpolar covalent bond

d)

peptide bond

123.

Which of the following is not an enzyme?

a)

Maltase

b)

Maltose

c)

Lactase

d)

Sucrase

124.

Haemoglobin is a quartenary protein because;

a)

It has more than one peptide bonds

b)

Its shape is globular

c)

It consists of more than one polypeptide chains

d)

It has iron in each heme group

125.

Based on the diagram, the side chain of amino acid alanine is;

a)

NH2

b)

COOH

c)

H

d)

CH3

126.

Label the parts of the reaction using the list provided below.

a)

product

b)

substrate

c)

active site

d)

enzyme (pre)

e)

enzyme (post)

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
127.

An enzyme is a type of molecule that speeds up chemical reactions, which is referred to as a/an –

a)

Inhibitor

b)

Catalyst

c)

Reactant

d)

Product

128.

Circle the enzyme

129.

Circle the substrate

130.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)

Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.

b)

Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 

c)

Extreme pH can denature enzymes.

d)

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 

131.

What happens to the pepsin enzyme in alkaline conditions

a)

The reaction rate increases

b)

The enzyme collides with more substrate

c)

The enzyme will denature and no longer work

d)

The shape of the enzyme does not change and still has activity

132.

Sickle cell anemia is a ​ ​ (a)   disease that affects the red ​ (b)   cells and is the result of two ​ (c)   genes. ​

Choose from the below words
Genetic
blood
recessive
cancerous
shapeless
dominant
133.
When something is 'water loving' it is.....
a)
Hydrophobic
b)
Hydrophilic 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
Hydroloric

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