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WorksheetsSeniors Chem Review
Total questions: 128
Worksheet time: 32hrs 0mins
standard temperature and pressure
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
molar volume
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
atomic mass
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
Avogadro’s number
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
Avogadro’s number
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
percent composition
the volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP (22.4 L)
the mass in amus of an atom of an element
the number of representative particles in a mole of a substance
the percent by mass of each element in a compound
0°C and 101.3 kPa
molar mass
the mass of a mole of a substance
the formula that gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound
an atom, a formula unit, or a molecule
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and presssure contain equal numbers of particles
6.02 x 1023 representative particles of a substance
empirical formula
the mass of a mole of a substance
the formula that gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound
an atom, a formula unit, or a molecule
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and presssure contain equal numbers of particles
6.02 x 1023 representative particles of a substance
representative particle
the mass of a mole of a substance
the formula that gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound
an atom, a formula unit, or a molecule
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and presssure contain equal numbers of particles
6.02 x 1023 representative particles of a substance
Avogadro’s hypothesis
the mass of a mole of a substance
the formula that gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound
an atom, a formula unit, or a molecule
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and presssure contain equal numbers of particles
6.02 x 1023 representative particles of a substance
mole (mol)
the mass of a mole of a substance
the formula that gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound
an atom, a formula unit, or a molecule
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and presssure contain equal numbers of particles
6.02 x1023 representative particles of a substance
How many hydrogen atoms are in 4 molecules of isopropyl alcohol, C3H8O?
4 x (6.02 x 1023)
32
4
32 x (6.02 x 1023)
The mass of a mole of NaCl is its:
molar mass
gram atomic mass.
empirical formula.
atomic mass.
The chemical formula of aspirin is C9H8O4. What is the mass of 0.200 mol of aspirin?
22.5 g
5.4 g
80 g
36.0 g
How many moles of SO3 are in 2.4 x 1024 molecules of SO3?
0.25
3.4 x 1022
4.0
2.9 x 10–23
What is the volume (in liters at STP) of 2.50 mol of carbon monoxide?
0.112 L
3.10 L
56.0 L
8.96 L
The molar mass of molecular oxygen (O2) is:
equal to the mass of one mole of oxygen atoms.
16.0 g.
32.0 g.
none of the above
At STP, 1 mol each of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine:
have different densities.
occupy different volumes.
are monatomic elements.
contain twice Avogadro’s number of representative particles.
a whole number that appears before a formula in an equation
coefficient
spectator ion
combustion reaction
reactant
skeleton equation
a particle not directly involved in a chemical reaction
coefficient
spectator ion
combustion reaction
reactant
skeleton equation
a reaction in which oxygen reacts with another substance, often producing heat or light
coefficient
spectator ion
combustion reaction
reactant
skeleton equation
a starting substance in a chemical reaction
coefficient
spectator ion
combustion reaction
reactant
skeleton equation
a chemical equation that does not indicate relative amounts of reactants and products
coefficient
spectator ion
combustion reaction
reactant
skeleton equation
an equation in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element
balanced equation
product
decomposition reaction
single-replacement reaction
a new substance formed in a chemical reaction
balanced equation
product
decomposition reaction
single-replacement reaction
a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into simpler substances
balanced equation
product
decomposition reaction
single-replacement reaction
a reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element
balanced equation
product
decomposition reaction
single-replacement reaction
A catalyst is:
a solid product of a reaction.
one of the reactants in a single-replacement reaction.
not used up in a reaction.
the product of a combustion reaction.
When the equation Fe + O2 ---> Fe2O3 is balanced, the coefficient for O2 is:
4
3
2
1
The reaction Fe + O2 --> Fe2O3 is an example of a(n):
aqueous reaction.
combination reaction.
single-replacement reaction.
decomposition reaction.
The equation H3PO4 + 3KOH ---> K3PO4 + 3H2O is an example of which type of reaction?
double-replacement
combination
decomposition
single-replacement
In a double-replacement reaction:
the reactants are usually a metal and a nonmetal.
the reactants are generally two ionic compounds in aqueous solution.
one of the reactants is often water.
energy in the form of heat or light is always produced.
In a double-replacement reaction:
one of the products is always a gas.
one of the products must be an element.
positive ions are exchanged between two compounds.
all of the above
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient in front of HCl is:
Ba(s) + HCl(aq) ---> BaCl2(aq) + H2(g)
6
3
1
2
the amount of product formed when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory
actual yield
limiting reagent
theoretical yield
stoichiometry
the calculated amount of product that might be formed during a reaction
actual yield
limiting reagent
theoretical yield
stoichiometry
the reactant that determines the amount of product that can be formed in a reaction
actual yield
limiting reagent
theoretical yield
excess reagent
the calculation of quantities in chemical equations
actual yield
limiting reagent
theoretical yield
stoichiometry
the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage
actual yield
percent yield
theoretical yield
stoichiometry
Which of these expressions is an incorrect interpretation of the balanced equation? 2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
2 atoms S + 3 molecules O2 → 2 molecules SO3
2 g S + 3 g O2 → 2 g SO3
2 mol S + 3 mol O2 → 2 mol SO3
none of the above
In a chemical reaction, the mass of the products
is less than the mass of the reactants.
is greater than the mass of the reactants.
is equal to the mass of the reactants.
has no relationship to the mass of the reactants.
How many liters of oxygen are required to react completely with 1.2 liters of hydrogen to form water?
2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2(g)
1.2 L
0.6 L
2.4 L
4.8 L
How many liters of CO2(g) at STP are produced when 68.0 g of CaCO3(s) is heated according to the following equation?
CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
0.679 L
15.2 L
68.0 L
30.4 L
A reaction that has been calculated to produce 60.0 g of CuCl2 actually produces 50.0 g of CuCl2. What is the percent yield?
0.833%
96.1%
83.3%
120%
In any chemical reaction, the quantities that are conserved are
the number of moles and the volumes.
the number of molecules and the volumes.
mass and number of atoms.
mass and moles.
3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) → 3Cu(NO3)2(s) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)
Calculate the number of moles of water produced when 3.3 mol of Cu(NO3)2 are formed in the reaction.
4.4 mol
6.6 mol
4.9 mol
8.8 mol
3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) → 3Cu(NO3)2(s) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)
How many grams of Cu would be needed to react with 2.0 mol HNO3?
95.3 g
63.5 g
47.6 g
1.50 g
describes a solid that lacks an ordered internal structure
amorphous
unit cell
crystal
normal boiling point
atmospheric pressure
the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the shape of the crystal
amorphous
unit cell
crystal
normal boiling point
atmospheric pressure
a solid in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three-dimensional pattern
amorphous
unit cell
crystal
normal boiling point
atmospheric pressure
the temperature at which a liquid boils at a pressure of 101.3 kPa
amorphous
unit cell
crystal
normal boiling point
atmospheric pressure
the pressure resulting from the collision of particles in air with objects
amorphous
unit cell
crystal
normal boiling point
atmospheric pressure
the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid
melting point
sublimation
boiling point
kinetic theory
the change of a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state
melting point
sublimation
boiling point
kinetic theory
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure
melting point
sublimation
boiling point
kinetic theory
states that the tiny particles in all forms of matter are in constant motion
melting point
sublimation
boiling point
kinetic theory
one of two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state
allotrope
vapor pressure
evaporation
vacuum
a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid
allotrope
vapor pressure
evaporation
vacuum
the conversion of a liquid to a gas or vapor at a temperature below the boiling point
allotrope
vapor pressure
evaporation
vacuum
an empty space with no particles of matter
allotrope
vapor pressure
evaporation
vacuum
The average kinetic energy of water molecules is greatest in
steam at 200°C.
liquid water at 90°C.
liquid water at 373 K.
ice at 0°C.
According to the kinetic theory of gases,
the particles in a gas move rapidly.
the particles in a gas are relatively far apart.
the particles in a gas move independently of each other.
all are true.
The temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases is
0°C.
273°C.
–273 K.
0 K.
The average kinetic energy of particles of a substance
is not affected by the temperature of the substance.
increases as the temperature of the substance decreases.
is directly proportional to the temperature of a substance.
is equal to 0.
Which of these statements is not true, according to kinetic theory?
There is no attraction between particles of a gas.
Only particles of matter in the gaseous state are in constant motion.
The particles of a gas collide with each other and with other objects.
All collisions between particles of gas are perfectly elastic.
Standard conditions when working with gases are defined as
0 K and 101.3 kilopascals.
0 K and 1 mm Hg.
0°C and 101.3 kilopascals.
0°C and 1 mm Hg.
A phase diagram gives information on
volumes of gases.
conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, and gas.
volumes of liquids and solids.
changes in mass of solids, liquids, and gases.
An increase in the temperature of a contained liquid
causes the vapor pressure above the liquid to increase.
decreases the vapor pressure above a liquid.
causes fewer particles to escape the surface of the liquid.
has no effect on the kinetic energy of the liquid.
Water could be made to boil at 105°C by
applying a great deal of energy.
increasing the air pressure above the water.
heating the water more gradually.
decreasing the air pressure above the water.
The escape of molecules from the surface of an uncontained liquid is
boiling.
sublimation.
evaporation.
condensation.
8.31 (L x kPa) / (K x mol)
ideal gas constant (R)
Boyle’s law
Dalton’s law of partial pressures
ideal gas law
For a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of gas varies inversely with the pressure.
ideal gas constant (R)
Boyle’s law
Dalton’s law of partial pressures
ideal gas law
At constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases.
ideal gas constant (R)
Boyle’s law
Dalton’s law of partial pressures
ideal gas law
P × V = n × R × T
ideal gas constant (R)
Boyle’s law
Dalton’s law of partial pressures
ideal gas law
P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 x V2 / T2
combined gas law
Charles’s law
diffusion
partial pressure
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume is kept constant.
combined gas law
Charles’s law
diffusion
partial pressure
the contribution each gas in a mixture makes to the total pressure
combined gas law
Charles’s law
diffusion
partial pressure
A gas tends to move to an area of lower concentration until the concentration is uniform throughout.
combined gas law
Charles’s law
diffusion
partial pressure
As the temperature of a fixed volume of gas increases, the pressure will
vary inversely.
be unchanged.
decrease.
increase.
A breathing mixture used by deep-sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at 101.3 kPa total pressure if PHe = 84.0 kPa and Pco2 = 0.10 kPa?
10.3 kPa
34.4 kPa
17.2 kPa
185.4 kPa
Increasing the volume of a given amount of gas at constant temperature causes the pressure to decrease because
the molecules are striking a larger area with the same force.
there are fewer molecules.
the molecules are moving more slowly.
there are more molecules.
When a container is filled with 3.00 mol of H2, 2.00 mol of O2, and 1.00 mol of N2, the pressure in the container is 465 kPa. The partial pressure of O2 is
78 kPa.
116 kPa.
155 kPa.
212 kPa.
The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. The pressure of the gas
remains unchanged.
is reduced by one half.
is doubled.
depends on the kind of gas.
The high surface tension of water is due to the:
small size of water molecules.
low mass of water molecules.
hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
covalent bonds in water molecules.
Salts and other compounds that remove moisture from air are said to be:
efflorescent.
surfactant.
colloidal.
hygroscopic.
The density of ice is less than the density of water because:
ice has a lower molecular mass than water.
the same mass occupies a smaller volume.
the molecules are more closely packed.
hydrogen bonding in ice produces an open framework.
A solution is a mixture:
from which the solute cannot be filtered.
that is colloidal.
that is heterogeneous.
in which a solid solute is always dissolved in a liquid solvent.
Which of the following is not an electrolyte?
cane sugar(aq)
HCl(aq)
KCl(aq)
(NH4)2SO4(aq)
An electric current is conducted by:
a solution of NaCl.
a sugar solution.
solid NaCl.
solid sugar.
Which of these would you expect to be soluble in the nonpolar solvent carbon disulfide, CS2?
MgCl2
CBr4
CaCO3
H2O
Gelatin would best be classed as:
a colloidal dispersion.
a suspension.
a heterogeneous mixture.
an aqueous solution.
A typical kind of emulsion is:
muddy water.
mayonnaise.
sea water.
smoke.
When sodium chloride is mixed with water, it forms:
a dispersion.
an emulsion.
a solution.
a suspension.
a solution containing the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature
saturated solution
colligative properties
miscible
molarity
unsaturated solution
depend upon the number of particles of solute in solution
saturated solution
colligative properties
miscible
molarity
describes liquids that dissolve in each other
saturated solution
colligative properties
miscible
molarity
unsaturated solution
the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution
saturated solution
colligative properties
miscible
molarity
unsaturated solution
contains less solute than can theoretically be dissolved
saturated solution
colligative properties
miscible
molarity
unsaturated solution
describes liquids that are insoluble in each other
immiscible
concentrated solution
supersaturated solution
dilute solution
a solution with a large amount of solute compared to solvent
immiscible
concentrated solution
supersaturated solution
dilute solution
contains more solute than can theoretically be held at a given temperature
immiscible
concentrated solution
supersaturated solution
dilute solution
contains only a small amount of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature
immiscible
concentrated solution
supersaturated solution
dilute solution
Increasing the temperature of a liquid–solid solution will:
a. always increase the rate at which a crystalline solute dissolves.
b. often increase the amount of crystalline solute that dissolves.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
Which of the following operations usually makes a substance dissolve faster in a solvent?
agitation
crushing the substance to a powder
raising the temperature
all of the above
To increase the solubility of a gas at constant temperature and 202 kPa pressure from 0.85 g/L to 5.1 g/L, the pressure would have to be increased to:
1212 kPa.
606 kPa.
505 kPa.
17.2 kPa.
If the pressure of a gas above a liquid is decreased (at constant temperature), the solubility of the gas in the liquid:
remains unchanged.
increases.
decreases.
would change but in an unpredictable direction.
How many mL of alcohol are in 240 mL of 95.0% (v/v) alcohol solution?
12 mL
145 mL
228 mL
142 mL
If more solvent is added to a solution:
the molarity decreases.
the solution becomes less dilute.
the percent (v/v) increases.
all of the above
What is the molarity of a 200-mL solution in which 0.2 mole of sodium bromide is dissolved?
0.20M
0.40M
1.0M
4.0M
Which of the following is not a colligative property of a solution?
boiling-point elevation
vapor-pressure lowering
solubility
freezing-point depression
the amount of heat required to change the temperature of an object by exactly 1°C
heat capacity
law of conservation of energy
heat of reaction
energy
In any chemical or physical process, energy is neither created nor destroyed.
heat capacity
law of conservation of energy
heat of reaction
energy
The heat absorbed or released by a chemical reaction
heat capacity
law of conservation of energy
heat of reaction
energy
the capacity to do work or to supply heat
heat capacity
law of conservation of energy
heat of reaction
energy
energy that always flows from a warmer object to a cooler object
heat
standard heat of formation
calorie
exothermic process
specific heat
the quantity of heat that raises the temperature of 1 g of pure water 1°C
heat
standard heat of formation
calorie
exothermic process
specific heat
the change in enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a compound from its elements, with all substances in their standard states at 25°C
heat
standard heat of formation
calorie
exothermic process
specific heat
a process that loses heat to the surroundings
heat
standard heat of formation
calorie
exothermic process
specific heat
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1°C
heat
standard heat of formation
calorie
exothermic process
specific heat
The SI unit of energy is
heat capacity.
joule.
calorie.
enthalpy.
How many calories are required to raise the temperature of 75.0 g of water from 20°C to 50°C?
1.50 × 103 cal
3750 cal
2250 cal
75.0 cal
The temperature of a 6.0-g sample of glass changed from 20°C to 45°C when it absorbed 550 J of heat. What is the specific heat of this glass sample?
3.7 J/g•°C
2300 J/g•°C
0.27 J/g•°C
130 J/g•°C
The enthalpy of a system is the same as its:
specific heat.
heat of combustion.
heat of reaction.
heat content.
When your body is warmed by an electric blanket during the winter, this process is said to be
endothermic.
isothermic.
exothermic.
none of the above
A student mixes two water solutions with an initial temperature of 25.0°C to form a final solution with a mass of 65.0 g at 30.0°C. What is the heat change, in kJ, for this reaction?
325 kJ
1.36 kJ
272 kJ
1.95 kJ
Given the equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) ---> 2MgO(s) + 72.3 kJ, which of the following is true?
The reaction is endothermic.
delta H = +72.3 kJ
delta H = –72.3 kJ
The reaction absorbs heat.
Given the equation Si(s) + 2Cl2(g) ®SiCl2(g) ---> SiCl2(l) + 687 kJ, how much heat is produced when 106 g of Cl2 react?
7.28 × 104 kJ
360 kJ
513 kJ
180 kJ
How much heat, in kJ, is required to melt 54.0 g of ice at 0°C into water at 0°C if deltaHfus for water = 6.01 kJ/mol?
0.111 kJ
18.0 kJ
325 kJ
8.99 kJ
