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Worksheets

A&P Semester 2

Total questions: 97

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When a nerve fiber is at rest, the concentration of

a)

sodium and potassium ions are higher on the inside of its membrane

b)

sodium and potassium ions are higher on the outside of its membrane

c)

sodium ions are higher on the inside of the membrane and potassium ions are higher on the outside

d)

sodium ions are higher on the outside of the membrane and potassium ions are higher on the inside

2.

Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?

a)

receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector

b)

effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron

c)

effector, sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron, motor neuron

d)

receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

3.

During an action potential, repolarization occurs as a result of

a)

potassium ions diffusing to the outside of the cell membrane

b)

potassium ions diffusing to the inside of the cell membrane

c)

sodium ions diffusing to the outside of the cell membrane

d)

sodium ion diffusion to the inside of the cell membrane

4.

Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron?

a)

synapse

b)

cell body

c)

dendrites

d)

axon

5.

The substance released at axonal endings is called a

a)

hormone

b)

neurotransmitter

c)

cholinesterase

d)

none of these

6.

The central nervous system refers to the

a)

brain

b)

brain and motor neurons

c)

brain and spinal cord

d)

motor neurons

7.

Which of these effectors is not controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

a)

smooth muscle

b)

cardiac muscle

c)

skeletal muscle

d)

most glands

8.

Neurons that pick up sensations from receptors and carry them into the brain or spinal cord are called

a)

motor neurons

b)

central neurons

c)

interneurons

d)

sensory neurons

9.

Astrocytes

a)

are scavenger cells

b)

circulate cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS

c)

anchor neurons to blood capillaries

d)

insulate neurons

10.

_____________ neurons carry nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands

a)

motor

b)

afferent

c)

association

d)

polar

11.

How are the nervous system and endocrine system alike?

a)

both communicate with nerve impulses

b)

both communicate electrically

c)

they are both continuous throughout the body

d)

they are both major communication systems in the body

12.

How is the endocrine system different from the nervous system?

a)

the endocrine system is anatomically discontinuous and the nervous system is continuous

b)

the endocrine system is a major communication system of the body and the nervous system is not

c)

the endocrine system responds to internal and external stimuli and the nervous system only responds to internal stimuli

d)

The endocrine system coordinates functions of highly differentiated cells and the nervous system does not

13.

This hormone causes our kidneys to absorb water and keeps our bodies from dehydrating

a)

ADH

b)

PTCH

c)

Oxytocin

d)

Thyroxine

14.

This gland is composed of 2 lobes, is located in the throat just below the Adam's apple, and secretes a hormone the controls the body's metabolism.

a)

adrenal

b)

pancreas

c)

pineal

d)

thyroid

15.

This endocrine glands is located on top of the kidneys and releases hormones that affect our sympathetic nervous system in its decision of fight or flight.

a)

thyroid

b)

parathyroid

c)

adreanal

d)

thalamus

16.

This organ plays a major role in the production of a hormone that affects diabetics and is also involved in digestion

a)

pineal

b)

hypothalamus

c)

pancreas

d)

thalamus

17.

The term used to describe an abnormally slow heart rate is

a)

tachycardia

b)

bradycardia

c)

fibrillation

d)

cardioversion

18.

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of parts through which blood moves in passing form the vena cava to the lungs?

a)

right atrium, pulmonary valve, right ventricle, tricuspid valve

b)

right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve

c)

tricuspid valve, right atrium, pulmonary valve, right ventricle

d)

pulmonary valve, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle

19.

Which of the following is true about blood pressure

a)

diastolic pressure is higher than systolic pressure

b)

it is lower in veins than arteries

c)

it increases as blood travels away from the heart

d)

none of these are true

20.

In an ECG pattern, the T wave is caused by

a)

repolarization of atrial muscle fibers

b)

repolarization of the ventricular muscle fibers

c)

depolarization of atrial muscle fibers

d)

depolarization of ventricular muscle fibers

21.

The medical term myocardial infarction is more commonly known as

a)

high blood pressure

b)

heart attack

c)

blocked arteries

d)

chest pain

22.

Which of the following serves as a primary pacemaker for the heart?

a)

A-V node

b)

Purkinje fibers

c)

S-A node

d)

A-V node and S-A node

23.

The renal artery carries blood to the

a)

liver

b)

kidneys

c)

legs

d)

brain

24.

Urine passes through the

a)

kidney hilus to bladder to ureter

b)

renal pelvis to ureter to bladder to urethra

c)

glomerulus to ureter to renal tubule

d)

hilum to urethra to bladder

25.

The fluid in the glomerulus is similar to plasma except that is has little

a)

glucose

b)

hormones

c)

protein

d)

electrolytes

26.

The trigone is a region of the

a)

urethra

b)

urinary bladder

c)

kidney

d)

loop of Henle

27.

Micturition refers to

a)

maintenance of homeostasis

b)

emptying the bladder

c)

regulation of water and salt balance

d)

increase in water reabsorption by renal tubules

28.

The liquid part of blood is mostly water and is called

a)

platelets

b)

plasma

c)

red blood cells

d)

white blood cells

29.

Oxygen is carried in the blood by:

a)

platelets

b)

plasma

c)

red blood cells

d)

white blood cells

30.

Type B blood has the _____ antibodies in the plasma

a)

A

b)

B

c)

O

d)

none of these

31.

Which of the following blood groups is known as the universal acceptor?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

O

32.

The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs is called the

a)

systemic circulation

b)

oxygenated circulation

c)

pulmonary circulation

d)

none of these

33.

Which valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

a)

tricuspid

b)

aortic

c)

mitral

d)

pulmonary

34.

Blood is prevented from flowing back into the left ventricle by the:

a)

aortic valve

b)

tricuspid valve

c)

pulmonary valve

d)

mitral valve

35.

All oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the:

a)

pulmonary artery

b)

pulmonary veins

c)

aorta

d)

vena cava

36.

The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to

a)

accommodate a greater volume of blood

b)

expand the thoracic cage during diastole

c)

pump blood against greater resistance

d)

pump blood a greater distance

37.

The layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle is the

a)

endocardium

b)

myocardium

c)

epicardium

d)

parietal pericardium

38.

An ECG measures

a)

electrical activity of the heart

b)

opening of the valves

c)

mechanical activity of the heart

d)

closure of the valves

39.

The lupp-dupp heart sounds heard while listening to the hear are associated with:

a)

the SA node firing

b)

the heart valves opening

c)

the heart valves closing

d)

blood flowing from the atria to the ventricles

40.

Systole is the term for

a)

heart at rest

b)

heart at work

c)

heart sounds

d)

heart ache

41.

Another name for high blood pressure is

a)

hyperthyroid

b)

hypertrophy

c)

hysteria

d)

hypertension

42.

The four organs of the urinary system are

a)

kidney, nephron, urinary bladder, and ureters

b)

kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, uterus

c)

ureters, kidney, urethra, urinary bladder

d)

nephron, kidney, urinary bladder, uretha

43.

The outermost portion of the kidney is the

a)

cortex

b)

pelvis

c)

medulla

d)

pyramids

44.

The smallest functional structure within the kidney is the

a)

nephron

b)

glomerulus

c)

peritubular capillary

d)

cortex

45.

Continue the sequence: glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule...

a)

distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, distal convoluted tubule

b)

loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

c)

collecting duct, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle

d)

distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct

46.

The endocrine system uses chemical messengers and as such works closely with the __________ system to deliver hormones and coordinate the activity of the body's cells.

a)

Cardiovascular

b)

Nervous

c)

Respiratory

d)

Integumentary

47.

This gland controls various other glands in the endocrine system and is also responsible for many hormones necessary for life and development.

a)

anterior pituitary

b)

adrenal

c)

thyroid

d)

thymus

48.

This part of your body couples the endocrine system and nervous system together. It also stimulates the pituitary gland

a)

hypothalamus

b)

thyroid

c)

parathyroid

d)

pancreas

49.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

a)

senses changes in internal and external environments

b)

coordinates and integrates data

c)

initiates and transmits action potentials

d)

supplies nutrients to the brain via osmosis

50.

Cells that produce myelin for the cells of the brain and spinal cord are the

a)

Schwann cells

b)

Microglia

c)

Astrocytes

d)

Oligodendrocytes

51.

The _________ are the functional and structural units of the nervous system and conduct electrical signals

a)

neurons

b)

neuroglial cells

c)

spinal nerves

d)

brain nerves

52.

Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is:

a)

dendrite, axon, cell body, receptor

b)

dendrite, cell body, axon

c)

cell body, axon, dendrite

d)

receptor, axon, cell body

53.

A synapse is

a)

a neuron cell division resulting in two cells

b)

the junction between two neurons

c)

the part of the neuron releasing neurotransmitters

d)

a synonym for cell body

54.

How many spinal nerves are there

a)

32

b)

32 pairs

c)

31

d)

31 pairs

55.

Ascending pathways in the spinal cord convey:

a)

motor impulses

b)

sensory impulses

c)

voluntary impulses

d)

all of the above

56.

The four main portions of the brain are the

a)

cerebrum, diencephalon, pons and cerebellum

b)

cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

c)

cerebellum, brain stem, diencephalon, pons

d)

cerebrum, pons, cerebellum, brain stem

57.

The largest region of the brain is

a)

cerebrum

b)

diencephalon

c)

brain stem

d)

cerebellum

58.

The right and left sides of the cerebrum are connected by the

a)

corpus callosum

b)

sulcus

c)

gyrus

d)

basal ganglia

59.

The coordination of muscle movement and the maintenance of equilibrium occurs in the

a)

hypothalamus

b)

thalamus

c)

medulla oblongata

d)

cerebellum

60.

Tendons connect bone to bone

a)

True

b)

False

61.

Skeletal muscle cells are typically multinucleate.

a)

True

b)

False

62.

During an action potential positively charged sodium ions rush out of the cell.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

Each muscle cell is wrapped in dense connective tissue called

a)

epimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

d)

superficial fascia

64.

The I band is

a)

thick myofilaments only

b)

thin myofilaments only

c)

thick and thin myofilaments

d)

the darker band only

65.

The number of muscle fibers stimulated by one motor axon is

a)

neuromuscular spindle

b)

motor end plate

c)

prime mover

d)

motor unit

66.

What chemical is released from the synaptic vesicles of a motor neuron

a)

calcium

b)

acetylcholine

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

67.

A slow and forcefully contracting muscle with no striations is

a)

cardiac muscle

b)

skeletal muscle

c)

smooth muscle

d)

longitudinal muscle

68.

The orbicularis oculi acts to

a)

close and protude the lips

b)

close the eyelids

c)

close the jaw

d)

elevate eyebrows

69.

The insertion of the supraspinatus is

a)

supraspinous fossa

b)

greater tubercle of humerus

c)

lesser tubercle of humerus

d)

coracoid tubercle of scapula

70.

The posterior group of muscles of the lower leg act to

a)

dorsiflex the foot

b)

invert the foot

c)

plantarflex the foot

d)

extend the toes

71.

The gastrocnemius muscle inserts on the

a)

fifth metatarsal

b)

calcaneus

c)

tarsal and metatarsal bones

d)

cuneiform

72.
What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?
a)
Niacin and Potassium
b)
Calcium and ATP
c)
Sodium and Potassium
d)
Ach and Potassium
73.
___ and ___ are regulatory proteins bound to actin. 
a)
Troponin and tropomyosin
b)
Myosin and actin
c)
Calcium and Oxygen
d)
Glycogen and hemoglobin
74.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)
Neuron
c)
Gland
d)
None of the above
75.
What is the structure that stores the Calcium in the muscle cell.  
a)
Sarcoplasm
b)
Sarcolemma
c)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Myoglobin
76.
The functional unit of the muscle cell is the: 
a)
Sarcomere
b)
Osteon
c)
Myofilament
d)
Muscle fiber
77.
Which of the following types of muscle is voluntary?
a)
Smooth 
b)
Cardiac 
c)
Skeletal 
78.
Connective tissue surrounding the entire muscle.
a)
Epimysium
b)
Endomysium
c)
Perimysium
d)
sacroplasm
79.
A bundle of muscle cells.
a)
sacromere
b)
fiber
c)
fasicle
d)
Tendon
80.
Thin connective tissue enclosing each muscle cell.
a)
Epimysium
b)
Endomysium
c)
Perimysium
d)
Sacromere
81.
Connective tissue that surrounds the fascicle.
a)
Perimysium
b)
Endomysium
c)
Epimysium
d)
Periosteum
82.
Dark bands are also called the
a)
I band
b)
A band
c)
Z disc
d)
H zone
83.
Thick filaments are made of
a)
ATPase
b)
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
Actin
d)
Myosin
84.
During a muscle twitch _______________ is the period when tension is decreasing to baseline.
a)
latent
b)
contraction
c)
relaxation
85.

twitch

a)

double contraction followed by relaxation

b)

triple contraction followed by stress

c)

single contraction followed by relaxation

d)

any number of contractions followed by relaxation

86.
The mechanism of muscle contraction.
a)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
b)
fasciitis
c)
sliding filament mechanism
d)
muscle cramps
87.

List the structures of a muscle from smallest to largest

a)

myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle

b)

fascicle, muscle, myofibril, muscle fiber

c)

fascicle, sarcomere, muscle, muscle fiber

d)

myofibril, muscle, fascicle, sarcomere

88.
Which are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder?
a)
Adrenal tubes
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureters
d)
Urethras
89.
The _________ is/are responsible for urine storage.
a)
Bladder
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureter
d)
Urethra
90.
The major organ of the urinary system is the
a)
Gallbladder
b)
Ureter
c)
Kidney
d)
Nephrons
91.
The nephron loop, or loop of Henle, is indicated by ________.
a)
Label J
b)
Label I
c)
Label K
d)
Label M
92.
The glomerulus is indicated by ________.
a)
Label O
b)
Label I
c)
Label F
d)
Label M
93.
The blood vessel carrying blood from the aorta into the kidney is the ________.
a)
renal artery
b)
hepatic artery
c)
renal vein
d)
glomerulus
94.
Which one of the following terms describes the location of the kidneys?
a)
retroperitoneal
b)
retroperineal
c)
intraperitoneal
d)
suprarenal
95.
What region of the kidney is deep to the renal cortex?
a)
renal medulla
b)
renal hilum
c)
renal fascia
d)
renal column
96.
Starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is ________.
a)
proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (loop of Henle), distal convoluted tubule
b)
distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (loop of Henle)
c)
nephron loop (loop of Henle), proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
d)
proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (loop of Henle)
97.
Most nephrons are located within the renal ________.
a)
cortex
b)
pelvis
c)
pyramids
d)
medulla

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