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Genetics Test Review

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 3hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
2.
The exact genetic makeup of an organism, such as RR, Tt, PP is its?
a)
phenotype
b)
dominance
c)
genotype
d)
trait
3.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body.  What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
4.
"The Great White Shark was 20 feet in length.  Phenotype or Genotype?
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
5.
Females-XX; MalesXY.  A couple has 4 girls.  What is the chance the next child will be a boy?
a)
75%
b)
100%
c)
25%
d)
50%
6.

Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?

a)

TT

b)

Tt

c)

tt

d)

ts

7.

Red (R) is dominant over white (r). How can a flower be white?

a)

It can have RR and be white.

b)

It has to have rr.

c)

It has to have rR

d)

There is no way it can be white until the third generation.

8.

Alternant or different genes that code for the same trait are called?

a)

chromosomes

b)

segments

c)

alleles.

d)

homozygous.

9.
A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?
a)
100% BB
b)
75% BB and 25%Bb
c)
50 % BB and 50% Bb
d)
50% Bb and 50% bb
10.
What law states that in Tt the person will only show the dominant allele
a)
law of segregation
b)
law of independent assortment
c)
law of dominance
d)
law of punnett squares
11.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
12.

Squidward has light blue skin, and his genotype for this trait is Bb. Which of the following would describe Squidward?

a)

Purebred

b)

Hybrid

c)

Homozygous

d)

Sex-linked

13.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
14.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
15.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
16.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
17.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
18.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
19.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
20.
Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100%short
21.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
22.
Which of the following cell types is formed by meiosis?
a)
muscle cells
b)
skin cells
c)
sperm cells
d)
blood cells
23.
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
offspring are identical to parents
b)
offspring are resistant to viruses
c)
offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs
d)
offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information
24.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; what you see.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
25.
The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
redigree
26.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
27.
A heterozygous yellow pea plant's genotype would be:
a)
YY
b)
yy
c)
Yy
d)
Yg
28.
A corn plant heterozygous for tall sprouts mates with a corn plant with short sprouts. If tall sprouts are dominant, how many different phenotypes are possible in the offspring?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
29.
If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotypic ratio?
a)
1:3
b)
3:1
c)
1:2:1
d)
2:2
30.
If a heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short pea plant, what are the possible genotypes of the future offspring?
a)
100% Tt
b)
50% Tt, 50% tt
c)
75%Tt, 25%tt
d)
25%TT, 50%Tt, 25%tt
31.

A nucleotide consists of

a)

DNA

b)

adenine and thymine

c)

A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

d)

genes

32.

In a double strand of DNA, the nitrogen bases only pair in a certain combination. Which combination is correct?

a)

A-C and T-G

b)

C-T and A-G

c)

A-T and G-C

d)

A-A C-C

33.

During meiosis, one parent cell gives rise to how many daughter cells?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

34.

When you cross two parents, each parent is responsible for passing _______ of their two alleles for each individual trait.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

35.

Grey (G) fur is dominant to brown (g) fur in mice. What would be the genotype of a mouse that is heterozygous?

a)

GG

b)

Gg

c)

gg

d)

GGG

36.

If Mom is type A, and Dad is type AB, can their kid be type o?

a)

Yes

b)

No

37.

What is AA

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

38.

What is Aa

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

39.

What is aa

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

40.

This is an example of ___________?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

41.

This is an example of ___________.

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

42.

What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

d)

Sex-Linked

43.

Both traits expressed TOGETHER (not blended)

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Mendelian trait

d)

Sex-linked

44.

Many genes determine 1 trait (ex: skin color)

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Polygenic

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple alleles

45.
For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait, she must have....
a)
two recessive alleles
b)
a Y chromosome 
c)
one recessive allele
d)
two dominant alleles
46.

Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of many genes, making it a(n)

a)

autosomal trait

b)

polygenic trait

c)

codominant trait

d)

sex-linked trait

47.

Which term is correctly matched with the description?

a)

Co-dominance occurs when two traits blend together to form a new phenotype.

b)

Human skin color is an example of codominant trait.

c)

Incomplete dominance occurs when traits blend producing a third phenotype.

d)

Human blood type is not an example of multiple alleles.

48.
How are Incomplete Dominance and Co Dominance different than a normal Mendelian cross?
a)
There is no difference
b)
The heterozygous genotype has a unique phenotype
c)
There is no heterozygous genotype
d)
There is only one phenotype regardless of genotype.
49.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
50.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that neither trait is dominant and the traits appear to blend together?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
51.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that both traits are dominant and both appear in the organism and neither trait is masked?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
52.

Trait determined by more than one gene, sometimes hundreds of genes.

a)

polygenic

b)

multiple alleles

c)

codominant

d)

sex linked

53.

Three or more alternative forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus.

a)

multiple alleles

b)

codominant

c)

polygenic

d)

incomplete dominance

54.
Snap dragon color is a incomplete dominant trait.  A pink flower (Rr) is crossed with white flower (rr)? What is the phenotype ratio expected 
a)
50% White: 50% Pink
b)
50: Red : 50% White
c)
25% Red : 50% Pink : 25% White
d)
100% Pink
55.

Based on the data on human height, it is reasonable to conclude that height is an example of a(n) ________ trait.

a)

polygenic

b)

codominant

c)

x-linked

d)

multallelic

56.

Choose all that apply.


Eye color is a trait coded by there separate genes and three different alleles (brown, green, blue). What type of inheritance pattern is eye color?

a)

X- Linked

b)

Multiple alleles

c)

Polygenic

d)

Incomplete dominance

57.

Check all that apply.

Human ABO blood type is a _________ trait.

a)

multiallelic

b)

polygenic

c)

codominant

d)

X-linked

58.

In the blood type Punnett square shown, what is the probability the offspring will inherit each blood type?

a)

50% A, 25% B, 0% AB, 25% O

b)

25% A, 50% B, 25% AB, 0% O

c)

50% A and 50% B

d)

25% AB, 50% A, 25% O

59.

If an allele for blue flower color (B) and an allele for yellow flower color (Y) are incompletely dominant, what color will a BY flower be?

a)

Blue

b)

Yellow

c)

Blue and Yellow

d)

Green

60.

If the allele for black feather color (B) and white feather color (W) in chickens are codominant, then a BW chicken will have:

a)

black feathers

b)

white feathers

c)

black and white feathers

d)

gray feathers

61.

In complete dominant inheritance, is it possible for two dominant parents to have a recessive phenotype offspring?

a)

Yes if they are both heterozygous

b)

No

c)

Not sure

d)

Yes if they are both homozygous dominant

62.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
63.
Which of the following genotypes belongs in the red box in the Punnett square?
a)
XBXB
b)
XbXb
c)
XbY
d)
XBY
64.
What is the phenotype of a person with the genotype AO?
a)
type A
b)
type O
c)
AA
d)
OO
65.

If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood (AO), what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood? Draw the Punnett Square. Do not guess.

a)

100 %

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

66.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHXH
d)
XhY
67.

Codominance occurs in calico cats, which allows for the Black and Tan colors to show. What percentage of the offspring will be calico (black and tan spotted)?

a)

25

b)

50

c)

75

d)

100

68.
What would indicate a normal human male?
a)
XX
b)
X
c)
XY
d)
XXY
69.
If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
70.

Which statement is true about X-linked genes?

a)

The male needs two copies of the gene but will express the trait regardless of whether the alleles are dominant or recessive.

b)

The male needs two copies of the gene but will express the trait only if both alleles are dominant.

c)

The male needs only one copy of the gene and will express the trait regardless of whether the allele is dominant or recessive.

d)

The male needs only one copy of the gene but will express the trait only if the allele is dominant.

71.

Do a Punnett Square.


A roan cow shows codominance in fur color (red and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected if a roan cow and a white cow reproduce?

a)

1 Red : 1 Roan

b)

1 White : 1 Roan

c)

1 Red : 1 White

d)

1: Red : 2 Red and White : 1 White

72.

Do a Punnett Square.


In a certain breed of chicken, feather color follows an incomplete dominance pattern. A heterozygous chicken is known as an Andalusian blue.


When a blue rooster mates with a black hen, what is the predicted probability for their offspring?

a)

100% Blue

b)

50% Blue, 25% White, 25% Black

c)

50% Black, 50% Blue

d)

50% White, 50% Black

73.

Do a Punnett Square.


In a cross between a white-eyed female fruit fly and a red-eyed male, what percent of the male offspring will have white eyes? (White eyes are X-linked and are recessive.)

a)

0%

b)

50%

c)

100%

d)

Impossible to tell

74.

Do a Punnett Square.


Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait. If a female carrier for hemophilia marries a normal male. If they produce a son, what are the chances he will have hemophilia?

a)

100%

b)

50%

c)

0%

d)

Impossible to tell

75.

Which of the following is used to cut DNA from organisms?

a)

Gel Electrophoresis

b)

Restriction Enzymes

c)

Karyotypes

d)

Haplotypes

76.

A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is called?

a)

Mutant DNA

b)

Polyploid DNA

c)

Diploid DNA

d)

Recombinant DNA

77.

A genetically engineered organism that contains a new gene from a different organism is called?

a)

Bacterial

b)

Genetic

c)

Transgenic

d)

Multigenic

78.

Two llamas are produced with the exact same DNA in a science lab. What is this known as?

a)

Stem Cell Therapy

b)

Genetically Modified Organisms

c)

Cloning

d)

Gene Therapy

79.

What is gene therapy?

a)

Inserting copies of a healthy gene directly into cells with a mutated gene

b)

Producing organisms with identical copies of DNA

c)

Crossing two individuals that have similar desirable characteristics or traits

d)

Crossing two individuals that have different characteristics or traits

80.

When genes from one organism are inserted into the genes of another organism that is know as...

a)

Stem Cell Therapy

b)

Genetic Engineering

c)

Cloning

d)

Selective Breeding

81.

If scientists engineer the DNA of tomatoes to make them survive in cold temperatures, what do type of technology do those tomatoes become?

a)

Human Genome Project

b)

Genetically Modified Organisms

c)

Punnett Squares

d)

Gene Therapy

82.

In the United States, there has been relatively little experimentation involving the insertion of genes from other species into human DNA. What is one reason for the limitations of these experiments?

a)

The subunits of human DNA are different from the DNA subunits of other species.

b)

Inserting foreign DNA into human DNA would require using completely new techniques.

c)

Human DNA always promotes human survival, so there is no need to insert foreign genes into it.

d)

There are many ethical questions to be answered before inserting foreign genes into human DNA.

83.

A farmer is considering the advantages of cloning a herd of cattle from a single cow. What is one advantage of a cloned herd?

a)

All cattle in the herd would have the most desired traits.

b)

All cattle in the herd would have more genetic variation.

c)

All cattle in the herd would have more resistance to diseases.

d)

All cattle in the herd would have much longer life spans.

84.

A great deal of information can now be obtained about the future health of individuals by examining the genetic makeup of their cells. There are concerns that this information could be used to deny an individual health insurance or employment. What do these concerns best illustrate?

a)

Scientific explanations are based on evidence collected mainly from a single source.

b)

Scientific inquiry involves the collection of information from a large number of sources.

c)

Acquiring too much knowledge about human genetics will discourage future research in this area of science.

d)

Values are essential to making ethical decisions when applying new research that adds to existing knowledge.

85.

GMO crops are regularly met with opposition, Golden Rice is grown and distributed in regions where rice consumption is high and variety in diet is low. Which of the following explains a benefit of using Golden rice in these areas?

a)

Golden Rice is bio-engineered and is yellow as a result.

b)

Golden Rice allows regions with a low variety of food to receive necessary nutrients.

c)

Beta-carotene is a lab-created nutrient that has unknown effects.

d)

Producing Golden Rice will result less variety of food grown.

86.
What goes in box 3
a)
Aabb
b)
AABB
c)
AAbb
d)
aaBb
87.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r  = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
88.
What is the genotype for a pea plant heterozygous for round seeds (R), and homozygous recessive for green seeds (y)?
a)
Ry
b)
RRyy
c)
RrYy
d)
Rryy
89.
In a dihybrid cross
a)
one trait is crossed.
b)
two traits are crossed.
c)
four boxes are needed for the punnett square.
d)
mom's alleles are dominant.
90.

Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?

a)

9/16

b)

3/16

c)

1/16

d)

16/16

91.

Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, green seeds?

a)

9/16

b)

3/16

c)

1/16

d)

16/16

92.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
93.
parent 1: GgBB
parent 2: ggBb
Find the gametes for parent 1.
a)
GB, GB, gB, gB
b)
gB, gb, gB, gb
c)
Gg, BB, GB, GB
d)
gg, Bb, gB, gb
94.
Which of the following identifies the gametes?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
95.
Which of the following identifies the phenotypes?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D

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