WorksheetsChapter 5 Cellular Reproduction
Total questions: 117
Worksheet time: 59mins
Identify the phase of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
anaphase
Telophase
Identify the phase of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
anaphase
Telophase
Identify the phase of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
anaphase
Telophase
Identify the phase of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
anaphase
Telophase
Which stage of the cell cycle is the most critical in ensuring that daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and their parent cell?
G1
S
prophase
G2
How many times do chromosomes separate during the process of mitosis?
0
1
2
4
Which stage of the cell cycle divides the nucleus?
Interphase
Mitosis
endocytosis
Cytokinesis
Which of the following statements best explains why most of the cells are observed in interphase?
Cytokinesis hasn’t happened yet
The cells are stuck in interphase
Interphase is the shortest phase of the cell cycle
Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle
In the image, how many cells are in anaphase?
1
3
6
23
Which of the following best describes the purpose of chemotherapy drugs used to fight against cancer?
Chemotherapy drugs allow cells to live a normal lifespan by preventing the cells from dying prematurely
Chemotherapy drugs work to normalize the cell cycle by changing the cells’ genetic code
Chemotherapy drugs work to disrupt the cell cycle of rapidly dividing cancer cells
Chemotherapy drugs are used to boost the immune system and increase the white blood cell count
A cell plate is forming in one of the cells that you are observing. Which of the following type of cells could you be viewing?
Human skin cells
Bristles of an earthworm
a fly’s eye
Carrot root tip cells
Which three of the following terms are most associated with the formation and growth of cancer cells?
Oncogene
Kinase
cyclin
Mutation
Metastasis
In which part of interphase are the chromosomes replicated?
G0
G1
S
G2
The p53 gene in mammalian cells is known to stop the cell cycle in response to damaged DNA. if this gene is damaged without repair, which of the following is most likely to occur?
The cell will immediately undergo apoptosis
The cell cycle will be disrupted in the defective cell
Growth factors will allow the cell to divide normally
Damaged DNA will remain unrepaired and a tumor may form
Why are the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis necessary for cellular health?
These Processes create the additional genetic material needed for proper cell function
Mitosis halves the number of chromosomes found in the nucleus and cytokinesis divides the number of organelles found in the cytoplasm so that a daughter cell can function with less cellular material
Cell division keeps cells efficient by optimizing the cell volume to surface area ratio
These processes allow a cell to grow larger without having to use the energy necessary to divide
A cell enters the G1 phase of the cell cycle. At the end of the phase, DNA damage is detected. If the G1 checkpoint functions correctly, what will happen next?
The cell will proceed directly to the S phase
The cell will skip directly into mitosis
The cell will stop the cell cycle until the damage is corrected
The cell will produce growth factors to promote the proliferation of surrounding cells
In which of the following circumstances would a cell undergo apoptosis?
DNA damage in a cell cannot be repaired at a cellular checkpoint
A cell becomes cancerous
A cell successfully completes the G1 phase of the cell cycle
A cell successfully completes the M phase of the cell cycle
A diagram of a parent hydra and its budding offspring is shown.
The parent hydra has 30 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will the offspring have?
15
30
45
60
If an organism’s somatic cells have 26 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its gametes have?
26
13
52
8
In what type of cells does meiosis occur?
Liver cells
Reproductive cells
all living cells
Somatic cells
Which two of the following represents an advantage of binary fission?
Offspring can survive in water or on land
Offspring have different DNA than the parent organism
Offspring can be produced quickly
Offspring have half the number of chromosomes as the parent
Offspring can be produced in large numbers
Cells that contain a diploid number of chromosomes
somatic cells
sex cells
sex chromosomes
reproductive cells
The process that produces diploid cells
meiosis
crossing over
mitosis
sexual reproduction
The process that produces haploid cells
mitosis
meiosis
replication
crossing over
Cells that contain a haploid number of chromosomes
body cells
somatic cells
sex cells
liver cells
Having half of the usual number of chromosomes
asexual
aerobic
diploid
haploid
The pair of chromosomes that determines gender
autosomes
sex chromosomes
somatic cells
A pair of homologous chromosomes lined up side by side during prophase I of meiosis
quadrad
tetrad
trisomy
bitrad
A pair of chromosomes that contains similar genetic information
homologues
replicates
trilogoues
An exchange of DNA between two homologues
crossing over
replication
duplication
nondisjunction
Prokaryotic cells reproduce when a single cell splits into two cells. This process is known as which of the following?
Budding
Binary fission
vegetative propagation
Fragmentation
Gametes created by the process of meiosis are not identical to the parent cell for which of the following two reasons?
Sister chromatids are separated into two different cells
Chromosomes are replicated but never divided in the process of meiosis
Meiosis creates mutations in the DNA
Sex cells have only half the DNA as the parent cell
Different combinations of DNA are created by crossing over
The diagram illustrates the process of conjugation in E. coli bacteria
Which of the following statements best explains what takes place in this process?
This union will produce 2 genetically identical offspring to the parents
This union will produce 2 genetically unique offspring to each of the parents
This union allows for the exchange of genetic material, but produces no new offspring
This union does not allow genetic material to be exchanged, but produces new offspring
If a student constructs a model to demonstrate meiosis, what should be represented in the finished product?
4 haploid cells
2 diploid cells
2 identical cells
2 haploid cells
After fertilization, which type of cellular division is responsible for the growth and development of a complex multicellular organism?
Conjugation
Meiosis
oogenesis
Mitosis
Crossing over refers to which of the following?
Sister chromatids exchange sections of DNA
Homologous chromosomes change position at the equator
Non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange sections of DNA
Homologous chromosomes separate and travel to opposite ends of the cell
How does sexual reproduction produce genetically unique offspring?
Offspring contain all the DNA from both father and mother organisms, double the amount as the parents
Differentiation after fertilization creates cells that have specific specialized functions
Fertilization produces a combination of DNA, half from the father and half from the mother
Fertilization produces offspring with half the amount of DNA as present in the father and mother
How does meiosis contribute to genetic variation?
By producing daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
By increasing the lethal mutation rate for daughter cells
By producing daughter cells that are genetically unique from the parent cell
By forming new DNA sequences that can resist environmental change
Which process is responsible for producing the haploid cell that makes up a sperm or an egg?
Meiosis
Conjugation
mitosis
Fertilization
Is conjugation sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
Is fragmentation sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
Is pollination sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
Is regeneration sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
is binary fission sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
is binary fission sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
Is fertilization sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
Is vegetative propagation sexual or asexual?
sexual
asexual
A row of strawberry plants have identical DNA. how is it possible for multiple plants to have the same DNA?
The plants were produced asexually through mitotic cell division
The plants were produced from two parents that had similar DnA
The plants were produced sexually through the process of meiosis and fertilization
The plants were produced from the seeds of the same parents
Which provides the best explanation for why sexual reproduction has an advantage over asexual reproduction in a hostile environment?
Because sexual reproduction results in identical offspring
Because sexual reproduction results in larger numbers of offspring
Because sexual reproduction produces a greater number of male offspring
Because sexual reproduction provides greater genetic variation
A potato is a tuber, an underground stem, of a potato plant. If potato plants are produced by mitosis from “eyes” that develop from the parent tuber, which of the following is a true statement?
The new potato plant has half the number of chromosomes as the potato
The new potato plant is the result of sexual reproduction
The new potato plant is a result of conjugation
The new potato plant will produce potatoes that are genetically identical
The diagram represents a dividing cell.
Which cell reproduction process is illustrated in this diagram?
Mitosis
Meiosis
replication
Reproduction
In which type of cells would meiosis occur?
Liver cells
Nerve cells
muscle cells
Sex cells
The cell cycle is shown in the diagram.
Which point in the cell cycle represents its completion before it begins again?
After M phase
After G1 phase
after S phase
After G2 phase
Which type of reproduction involves only one organism as a parent?
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
heterosexual reproduction
Monosexual reproduction
Which two ways explain how the process of meiosis produces offspring that are genetically different from the parents?
The number of chromosomes is doubled in the offspring so that it has twice as much DNA as its parents
Only one parent is needed to produce offspring by meiotic cell division
The offspring receive genetic material from two parents with different DNA
Crossing over during the process of meiosis produces additional variation in the DNA
Meiosis preserves the number of chromosomes in the dividing cells so that they remain diploid
Sexually reproducing organisms always produce what type of gametes?
Haploid
Diploid
identical
Bipolar
Which statement best describes the purpose of meiosis in creating gametes?
To reduce the chromosome number and allow for genetically identical offspring
To maintain the chromosome number and allow for genetically identical offspring
To increase the chromosome number and allow for genetically unique offspring
To reduce the chromosome number and allow for genetically unique offspring
Meiosis produces sperm cells in males and egg cells in females. Which processes that occur in meiosis contribute the most to genetic variation in offspring?
Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over
DNA and RNA replication during interphase
Tetrad formation of paired homologous chromosomes and their alignment at the equatorial plate
Disjunction and polar migration of homologous chromosomes
Which of the following best describes the process modeled in the diagram?
The process of meiosis creates a sex cell
The process of mitosis creates an identical daughter cell
The process of cellular differentiation creates a mature somatic cell from a stem cell
The process of fertilization creates a zygote
During interphase of the cell cycle, a growing cell undergoes DNA replication. What is the primary function of DNA replication?
To create haploid sex cells to be used in reproduction
To edit the DNA code and correct mistakes
To add genetic variation through mutations and the process of crossing over
To provide an exact copy of DNA to daughter cells once the cell divides
Which of the following processes might result in the incorrect number of chromosomes in a gamete?
Pollination
Mitosis
meiosis
Binary fission
If the body cells of an animal contain 14 chromosomes, then the gametes of that animal cell would contain how many chromosomes?
2
7
14
28
Fruit flies have 8 chromosomes in their somatic cells. The diagram shows the results of meiosis and fertilization in fruit flies.
After meiosis is complete, how many chromosomes will be in the sperm cell?
2
4
8
16
Which of the following represents a form of reproduction that results in genetically diverse offspring?
The division of bacterial cells by binary fission to create new bacterial cells
The formation of a new plant from the buried stem of a parent plant by the process of mitotic division
The random fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell during sexual reproduction
The reproductive cloning of an organism by replacing the contents of an egg cell with genetic information from a parent cell
A diagram of a parent hydra and its budding offspring is shown.
How would you compare the cells from the parent to the cells of the offspring?
The cells of the offspring will have half the original number of chromosomes as the parent
The cells of the offspring will be genetically identical to the cells of the parent
The cells of the offspring will contain double the genetic information as the cells of the parent
The cells of the offspring will be genetically similar to the cells of the parent with only slight variations
Which is true of asexual reproduction?
It usually results in large numbers of genetically identical offspring
It usually results in larger, more robust offspring
It usually results in large amounts of genetic variation
It usually results in individuals with special adaptations
A biology student sketch the following cell during a lab as he observed it in the last stage of mitosis.
What type of cell did he observe?
Animal cell
Bacterium cell
fungal cell
Plant cell
What stage of mitosis is shown in the diagram?
Metaphase
Anaphase
prophase
Telophase
By which method do bacteria reproduce quickly and in large numbers?
Vegetative propagation
Budding
binary fission
Sexual reproduction
What best describes the diagram?
Nondisjunction results in a genetic mutation
Disjunction separated sister chromatids at the centromere
Mitosis results in identical daughter cells
Crossing over results in greater genetic variation
A yeast cell contains 32 chromosomes. Yeast normally reproduce by budding. If a parent yeast cell produces a daughter cell by budding, how many chromosomes will the daughter cell contain?
8
16
32
64
If a cell that has eight chromosomes goes through mitosis, how many chromosomes will the Daughter cells have?
4
8
16
32
At the end of meiosis, how many haploid cells have been formed from the original cell?
1
2
3
4
During what phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes cross over?
prophase I
anaphase I
telophase I
telophase II
The longest phase of the cell cycle is ___.
prophase
interphase
metaphase
Mitosis
When an area of a chromatid is exchanged with the matching area in a chromatid of its homologous chromosome, ___ occurs.
crossing over
mutagenesis
hybridization
fertilization
The gamete that contains genes contributed only by the father is ___.
the sperm
an egg
a zygote
dominant
Cells containing two alleles for each trait are described as ___.
haploid
gametes
diploid
homozygous
The gamete that contains genes contributed only by the mother is ___.
the sperm
an egg
a zygote
dominant
Crossing over results in ___.
female genotype
male genotype
genetic recombination
phenotype replication
Mitosis is the stage during which ___.
the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei
the cell’s DNA is replicated
the cell divides into two new cells
the cytoplasm divides
Using the figure below, which process would result in the formation of chromosome C from Chromosomes A and B?
asexual reproduction
independent assortment
crossing over
segregation
What happens during cytokinesis in animal cells?
a new round of mitosis begins
the cytoplasm divides
each organelle divides into two parts
a cell plate forms in the middle of the cell
During what stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
interphase
cytokinesis
prophase
mitosis
What is the final phase of mitosis?
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
interphase
The cell grows to its mature size during ___.
mitosis
prophase
telophase
interphase
How many new cells are formed from one cell after it has undergone mitosis?
1
2
3
4
Which of the following lists the stages of mitosis in the correct order?
metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase
anaphase, telophase, prophase, metaphase
telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
The human species has ___ chromosomes.
23
46
92
26
A cut frog’s foot will repair itself using the process of __.
mitosis
meiosis
phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Meiosis results in greater genetic variation than mitosis because it ___.
is a lengthy process full of errors
results in a greater number of offspring
is more common in higher order species
allows the recombination of genetic information
The leaf cells of the White Oak contain 24 chromosomes. After meiosis is complete
How many chromosomes are in the new cells?
12
20
24
48
The final products of meiosis are ___.
haploid cells
diploid cells
triploid cells
polyploid cells
Examine the process illustrated in the diagram.
What process has occurred here?
asexual reproduction
cellular growth
sexual reproduction
vegetative propagation
Which statement is correct about cells B and C?
Cells B and C are not identical to cell A.
Cells B and C are not identical to one another
Cells B and C are identical to one another but not to cell A.
Cells B and C are identical to one another and to cell A.
Examine the process illustrated in the diagram.
What term best describes the four cells produced at stage 4?
diploid
haploid
heterozygous
homozygous
What is the name of this process?
meiosis
mitosis
replication
Translation
Which statement about meiosis is true?
meiosis makes two identical cells with the diploid number of chromosomes
meiosis makes two different cells with the diploid number of chromosomes
meiosis makes four identical cells with the haploid number of chromosomes
meiosis makes four different cells with the haploid number of chromosomes
What evidence is there that cancer is a disorder of the cell cycle?
cancer can affect multiple regions of the body
cancerous cells divide rapidly and uncontrollably
cancer can cause a variety of symptoms and even death
cancer can be treated with radiation or drugs
The centromeres split and the chromatids separate.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
The chromatin condenses to form chromosomes. The nuclear membrane disappears.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
A new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes and two new cells are formed.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
DNA makes a copy of itself during this time.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
interphase
The chromosomes line up across the equator or middle of the cell.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Pollen contains the male gamete for plants. What kind of cells are pollen cells?
Haploid
Diploid
homologous
clones
Which of the following best describes the process and outcome illustrated in the diagram?
DNA replication producing identical daughter cells
DNA replication producing non-identical daughter cells
Mitosis producing identical daughter cells
Meiosis producing non-identical daughter cells
By which process do human liver cells regenerate themselves?
Mitosis
Meiosis
budding
Conjugation
During mitosis, a parent cell that has eight chromosomes will produce two daughter cells that each contain how many chromosomes?
2
4
8
16
Which of the following statements correctly identifies an advantage to sexual reproduction?
The offspring are better able to survive because they are genetically identical to their parents
All offspring will always be better adapted to their environment since they are genetically identical to their parents
Genetic variation among offspring may enable some individuals to be better adapted than others to survive harsh conditions
The offspring can change their genetic makeup when required to survive harsh conditions
Which of the following happens when a cell divides by mitosis?
The cell has difficulty getting enough oxygen and nutrients
Each new daughter cell receives a copy of the parent cell’s DNA
The cell’s volume increases
Each new daughter cell has double the amount of DNA as the parent cell
Which of the following is a result of crossing over?
Birth defects
Offspring identical to parent(s
greater genetic variation
Larger number of offspring produced
A microbiologist analyzed ten separate samples of E. coli bacteria and found them to be genetically identical. Which statement below could be his logical conclusion?
The bacteria reproduced sexually
The bacteria reproduced asexually
The bacteria had a mutation
The bacteria were infected with a virus
The liver cells of an alligator have 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in an alligator sperm cell?
8
16
32
64
As a cell grows, its volume increases, but the cell becomes less efficient in transporting materials into and out of the cell. What process allows the cell to remain efficient?
Apoptosis
Meiosis
mitosis
Mutation
A student is conducting a laboratory experiment to identify the chromosomes and various stages of the cell cycle in an onion cell. Which of the following phases would be best for the student to visualize the chromosomes?
G1 phase
S phase
mitosis
G2
Meiosis produces sperm cells in males and egg cells in females. Which processes that occur in meiosis contribute the most to genetic variation in offspring?
Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over
DNA and RNA replication during interphase
Tetrad formation of paired homologous chromosomes and their alignment at the equatorial plate
Disjunction and polar migration of homologous chromosomes
Based on the diagram, which of the following best describes the process and the offspring?
Sexual reproduction producing identical offspring
Asexual reproduction producing identical offspring
Sexual reproduction producing non-identical offspring
Asexual reproduction producing non-identical offspring
