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WorksheetsA&P11 Nervous System II
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 37mins
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of
the brain and spinal cord.
spinal and cranial nerves.
the cerebrum and cerebellum.
nerves in the upper and lower limbs
The epidural space contains
loose connective tissue, blood vessels, and adipose tissue
dense connective tissue and cartilage
no tissue, that is why it is a space
collagen, elastin, and keratin
The meninges consist of
the brain and spinal cord.
the membranes that delineate all of the major brain parts
the pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater.
nerve tracts that run up and down the spinal cord
Cerebrospinal fluid is
clear and liquid
white and thick
red
yellow in the CNS and clear in the PNS
In a subdural hematoma resulting from a blow to the head, blood accumulates between the
dura mater and skull
dura mater and arachnoid mater
pia mater and brain
arachnoid mater and brain
An inflammation of the meninges called meningitis usually affects the
dura mater only
dura mater and arachnoid mater
arachnoid mater and pia mater
pia mater only
The ____________ is the thin meninx attached to the surface of the brain, containing many nerves and blood vessels.
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
subdural mater
Most cerebrospinal fluid is secreted from the choroid plexuses in the
lateral ventricles
third ventricle
fourth ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
The fourth ventricle is in the
left cerebral hemisphere
brainstem
midline of the brain, beneath the corpus callosum
right cerebral hemisphere
Cerebrospinal fluid
informs the autonomic centers in the brainstem and hypothalamus about the internal environment
provides a pathway for waste to enter the blood
protects the brain and spinal cord
all of these
The human body secretes about __________ milliliters of cerebrospinal fluid daily
10
60
300
500
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ______ and it __________.
dura mater; maintains a stable ionic concentration in the CNS
choroid plexuses in the ventricles; protects the brain from blows to the skull
arachnoid villi in the dura sinus; provides a pathway to the blood for waste
capillaries in the dura mater of the ventricles; moistens the surface of the brain
Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?
Receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector
Effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron
Effector, sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron, motor neuron
Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
Reflexes help to control
heart rate and blood pressure
respiratory rate.
digestive activities
all of these
When the flexor muscles of one arm contract in a withdrawal reflex, the extensor muscles of the other arm contract. This phenomenon is called
flexor extensor reflex
ipsilateral reflex
crossed extensor reflex
crossed flexor reflex
Stephanie is in a car accident, flung from her vehicle and landing on her back on pavement. At the scene, an emergency medical technician checks her Babinski reflex, in which the great toe extends upward and the smaller toes fan apart. This reflex
may indicate aging of the corticospinal tract
may indicate an injury to the corticospinal tract
is normal in adults
is meaningless in assessing an emergency situation
The expected response to the triceps-jerk reflex is
flexion of the forearm
extension of the forearm
plantar flexion
plantar extension
The spinothalamic tract conducts impulses
from the thalamus to the cerebral cortex
up the spinal cord to the thalamus
down the spinal cord from the thalamus.
that stimulate skeletal muscles.
Gray matter of the spinal cord is mostly composed of
interneurons
cerebrospinal fluid
axons
myelin
The pattern of gray matter in the spinal cord is divided into
horns
funiculi
meninges
roots of spinal nerves
Which of the following are descending tracts in the spinal cord?
Spinothalamic
Spinocerebellar
Fasciculus gracilis
Rubrospinal
The corticospinal tracts control
sweat glands
posture
voluntary muscle movements
spinal reflexes
If the right lateral spinothalamic tract is severed
muscles on the left side are paralyzed
muscles on the right side are paralyzed
pain impulses from the left side are blocked
pain impulses from the right side are blocked
If the left corticospinal tract is severed in the neck near the first cervical vertebra
muscles in the right arm and leg are paralyzed
muscles in the left arm and leg are paralyzed
pain impulses from the right side are blocked
pain impulses from the left side are blocked
The spinal cord has
31 segments.
a cervical and lumbar enlargement.
a core of gray matter surrounded by white matter
all of these
All reflexes
have association neurons
have a reflex arc
have interneurons
occur in the spinal cord
The simplest level of CNS function is the
ability to talk.
ability to work.
spinal reflex
cerebral reflex
Over the course of several months, Morris has experienced difficulty speaking coherently, clumsiness, muscle fasciculations, and increasing weakness in his limbs. These symptoms are most consistent with those of
Parkinson disease
Hodgkin's disease
muscular dystrophy
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
The part of the brain that coordinates voluntary muscular movements is the
cerebrum
brainstem
cerebellum
corpus callosum
Which of the following is a major portion of the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Cerebral aqueduct
Cerebral peduncles
Midbrain
The complex network of tiny islands of gray matter in the brain, that upon receiving incoming sensory impulses responds by activating wakefulness in the cerebral cortex, is the
dentate nucleus
reticular formation
limbic system
corpora quadrigemina
A newborn has a CT scan of the brain to identify a cause of seizures. The scan showed no convolutions (gyri) of the cerebral cortex. She has
lissencephaly
anencephaly
spina bifida
leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.
If the area of the cerebral hemisphere corresponding to Broca's area is damaged,
memory is lost.
motor control to the right leg is impaired.
eyesight is lost.
motor control of the muscles associated with speech is lost.
The primary motor area of the brain is in the
postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe.
precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe.
posterior sulcus of the temporal lobe.
lateral part of the occipital lobe.
A soldier suffers a brain injury, and becomes unable to speak. The damage is likely in
Broca's area.
the hippocampus.
the brainstem.
the basal nuclei
The function of the cerebral association areas is
to analyze sensory experiences.
reasoning and judgment.
to interpret sensations.
all of these
The basal nuclei include the
putamen
pons
midbrain
corpus callosum
Which lobe of your brain are you using when you answer this question?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Which of the following is not a part of the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary gland
Posterior pituitary gland
Which of the following parts of the mature brain develops from the forebrain?
Midbrain
Pons
Cerebellum
Thalamus
The ___________ separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
lateral sulcus
central sulcus
longitudinal fissure
transverse fissure
Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?
Regulation of body temperature
Control of hunger and thirst
Production of hormones
Control of postural reflexes
Spina bifida is a(n)
abnormality in neural tube development
open vertebral column and exposed spinal cord
exposed spinal cord
all of these
Aphasia is loss of the ability to
speak
move the hands
walk
think
Interruption of blood flow to the brain that can damage the cerebrum is called a
concussion
contusion
cerebrovascular accident.
myocardial infarction
Injury to the visual cortex of the right occipital lobe can cause
partial blindness in the right eye only.
total blindness in the left eye only
partial blindness in both eyes.
total blindness in both eyes
If the general interpretative area of the dominant hemisphere is damaged in a child, the
corresponding region on the opposite side of the brain may take over the interpretative functions.
child will fail to learn language.
child will do very poorly in math.
child will have difficulty concentrating.
Brain waves are recordings of activity in the
medulla oblongata
cerebellum
cerebral cortex
brainstem
Which of the following terms and definitions is correct?
Cerebral cortex-a thin layer of gray matter forming the outermost part of the cerebrum
Hemisphere dominance-the largest cerebral hemisphere with the thickest cerebral cortex
Limbic system-interconnected brain structures that activate skeletal muscle
Cerebral cortex-a thick layer of white matter forming the innermost part of the cerebrum
The consequence of sensory nerve fibers crossing over is that the
brain cannot tell from which side of the body a sensory impulse originated.
right hemisphere of the cerebrum receives sensory impulses originating on the left side of the body and vice versa.
left hemisphere of the cerebrum receives sensory impulses originating on the left side of the body and the right hemisphere receives sensory impulses originating on the right side of the body.
impulses never reach the appropriate lobe of the brain to be interpreted.
Basal ganglia are located in the ______ and ______.
brainstem; relay motor impulses from the cerebral cortex
frontal lobe; aid in control of motor activities
deep regions of the cerebral hemispheres; aid in control of motor activities
cerebral hemispheres; control the senses
If the reticular formation is injured, the person might exhibit signs of
hyperactivity
increased metabolism
increased sympathetic system responses
unconsciousness, or coma
The part of the brain that assigns value to a memory is the
cerebral cortex
amygdala
medulla oblongata
pons
Dopamine is secreted by the ___________ and is deficient in ______ disease.
cerebral cortex; Alzheimer
amygdala; Lou Gehrig's
medulla oblongata; Huntington
substantia nigra; Parkinson
A spinal nerve passing through the intervertebral foramen is
associated with the vertebra above.
composed of afferent fibers only
composed of efferent fibers only
associated with cranial nerve C1.
The phrenic nerves arise from the
cervical plexuses
brachial plexuses
lumbar plexuses
sacral plexuses
The area of skin that sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve innervate is called a
dermatome
myotome
sensory body
nerve body
The somatic nervous system consists of nerve fibers that connect the CNS to the ______, whereas the autonomic nervous system consists of fibers that connect the ______.
skin and skeletal muscles; brain to the spinal cord
visceral organs; CNS to the skin and skeletal muscles
heart and intestines; CNS to the cardiac and smooth muscles
skin and skeletal muscles; CNS to the visceral organs
Which of the following are generally adrenergic fibers?
Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers
Sympathetic postganglionic fibers
Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers
Bob witnesses an auto accident and impulses from the ___________ division of the autonomic nervous system increase his heart rate.
spinal
parasympathetic
sympathetic
cranial
The drug atropine influences the autonomic nervous system by
stimulating the release of norepinephrine
blocking the action of norepinephrine
stimulating the release of acetylcholine
blocking the action of acetylcholine
Aging of the brain begins
before birth
at birth
at age 30.
after age 50.
Over a lifetime, the brain shrinks by about ___ percent.
1
5
10
40
A person in a persistent vegetative state
craves vegetables
cannot move, but is aware of self.
can move, but seems unaware of self.
repeats the same phrases over and over.
Symptoms of concussion include all except
disturbed sleep.
decreased sensitivity to light and sound
memory lapse
balance problems
A lumbar puncture is
an infection of the cerebrospinal fluid
a blockage in peripheral nerve transmission
a test of the pressure that the cerebrospinal fluid is under
a procedure to correct a spinal cord injury
In spastic paralysis
muscle tone increases and the muscles atrophy
muscle tone increases and the muscles do not atrophy
muscle tone decreases and the muscles atrophy
muscle tone decreases and the muscles do not atrophy
A traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from
an open head wound
mechanical force
an infection
poisoning
The part of the brain that is overactive in post traumatic stress disorder is the
amygdala
brainstem
hippocampus
thalamus
Melinda has Parkinson disease. Her movements are slowing and she has difficulty initiating voluntary muscular actions. The region that is affected in her brain is the
frontal lobe
parietal lobe
basal ganglia
amygdala
Brain waves during sleep are ____ waves
alpha
beta
theta
delta
The brain waves most closely associated with mental activity are
alpha waves
beta waves
theta waves
delta waves
Spinal nerve injury may result from
fracture of vertebrae, dislocations, or birth injuries
too little dopamine in the basal ganglia
excess acetylcholine in synapses
a drug overdose
