wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

CH:11 Groundwater

Total questions: 113

Worksheet time: 3hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following IS NOT true about groundwater?

a)

Groundwater is the largest freshwater source on Earth.

b)

Groundwater is freshwater beneath Earth’s surface.

c)

Groundwater is the largest liquid freshwater source for humans.

d)

Groundwater can maintain streamflow during times of drought.

2.

Much of the water that flows in river systems is direct runoff from precipitation.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Groundwater is thus a form of _________that _______________ streams during periods when rain does not fall.

a)

storage, sustains

b)

precipitation, dehydrates

c)

saltwater, dries up

d)

mineral, lithifies

4.

The zone of soil moisture is considered to be groundwater.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Which of the following implies the same thing as the word "aquifer"?

a)

zone of saturation

b)

zone of aeration

c)

zone of soil moisture

d)

zone of twilight

6.

The top of an aquifer is known as:

a)

the water table.

b)

an artesian well.

c)

the hydraulic gradient.

d)

a geyser.

7.

The two factors that influence the curved route of infiltrated water flow underground are:

a)

gravity and hydraulic pressure.

b)

gravity and electromagnetism.

c)

the Coriolis Effect and the prevailing winds.

d)

permeability and non-permeability.

8.

Which of the following are wells used for? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!

a)

Wells are used to determine the height of the water table.

b)

Wells are used to obtain water for crop irrigation.

c)

Wells are used to obtain water for human consumption.

d)

Wells are used to create barriers between aquifers, called aquatards.

9.

What does the quantity of groundwater that can be stored depend upon?

a)

It depends upon the porosity of the underground rock.

b)

It depends upon the pH of the groundwater.

c)

It depends upon the underground depth of the storage system.

d)

It depends upon the temperature of the underground rock.

10.

A place where the water table intersects the ground surface and where a natural flow of groundwater results is called:

a)

a spring.

b)

a geyser.

c)

an aquatard.

d)

a fissure.

11.

What is the source of heat for hot springs?

a)

It is provided by the cooling of igneous rock.

b)

It is provided by the transformation of metamorphic rock to sedimentary rock.

c)

It is provided by the warming process of soil moisture.

d)

It is provided by plate subduction at convergent boundaries.

12.

What is the most common method for removing groundwater?

a)

a well bored into the zone of saturation

b)

accessing the water table by use of low-grade explosives

c)

building a water tower

d)

damming up a river

13.

Which of the following is a hydrological problem currently facing the High Plains of the United States?

a)

over-pumping of the Ogallala aquifer

b)

compaction of the San Joaquin valley

c)

mass amounts of human contamination seeping into the aquifer

d)

flooding of Lake Mead

14.

Which of these images depict a Karst landscape? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!

a)
b)
c)
d)
15.

Identify which of the following are required to make a major cavern system. CHOOSE ALL THAT ARE NECESSARY.

a)

Groundwater is often mildly acidic as it contains a weak solution of carbonic acid.

b)

The acidic nature of groundwater will dissolve the calcite in limestone.

c)

Caverns are formed by dissolving rock beneath the Earth’s surface.

d)

Plate subduction can create caverns as one plate dives under another.

16.

Which of the following IS NOT a dripstone feature?

a)

sinkholes in Karst topography

b)

stalactites hanging from the ceiling of caverns

c)

stalagmites growing upward from the floor of caverns

17.

What is the best definition of a water table?

a)

The level to which a river rises when it floods

b)

The boundary between the land and the ocean

c)

The top of the saturated zone in an aquifer

d)

The bottom of the saturated zone in an aquifer

e)

The top of the unsaturated zone in an aquifer

18.

What would cause the water table to lower?

a)

High rates of evaporation and transpiration

b)

Low rates of evaporation and transpiration

c)

Increasing amounts of runoff

d)

A heavy rainstorm with a lot of precipitation

19.

What is infiltration?

a)

The process by which water sinks into the ground

b)

The zone where there are still air spaces left between the particles.

c)

The process by which water vapor turns into liquid water and forms fog or clouds.

d)

The process by which water does not sink into the ground, but rather travels along the surface.

20.

What process transforms the water vapor in the atmosphere to the liquid water in a cloud?

a)

evaporation

b)

infiltration

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

e)

condensation

21.

What process causes liquid water to evaporate from plant leaves and enter the atmosphere as water vapor?

a)

evaporation

b)

infiltration

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

e)

condensation

22.

Which soil would have the greatest permeability rate after a rainstorm?

a)

sand (0.02 cm)

b)

silt (0.002 cm)

c)

clay (0.0002 cm)

23.

Which soil would have the greatest capillarity?

a)

sand (0.02 cm)

b)

silt (0.002 cm)

c)

clay (0.0002 cm)

24.

What is capillarity?

a)

When water cannot infiltrate a substance

b)

Water being held onto by rock or sediment

c)

The ability of water to move upward against gravity in a material

d)

The percentage of empty space in a material

25.

These containers have the same volume of beads which are representing soil particles. What is the relative porosity and permeability of each?

a)

The container on the left has the higher permeability and porosity

b)

The container on the right has the higher permeability and porosity

c)

The container on the left has the higher permeability, but they both have the same porosity

d)

The container on the right has the higher permeability, but they both have the same porosity

26.

500 mL of water is added to each tube and allowed to drain out. Which container would have the highest retention of water after it drained? (particle size gets bigger as you move to the right)

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

They would all be the same in terms of retention

27.

How would the porosity of the poorly sorted sediment compare to the well sorted sediment?

a)

It would be greater in the poorly sorted sediment

b)

It would be less in the poorly sorted sediment

c)

It would be the same in both

28.

How does the porosity of frozen soil compare with unfrozen soil?

a)

It is less in the frozen soil

b)

It is greater in the frozen soil

c)

The porosity of both would be the same

29.

Which surface would have the most runoff from it after a rainstorm?

a)
b)
c)
d)
30.

Which surface would be impermeable?

a)
b)
c)
d)
31.
Large areas of Texas are made up of flat farm land covered by layers of soil.  Underground, there is a large aquifer that stretches beneath most of the region.  Over a period of many years, much of the water in the aquifer is removed through wells and used to irrigate crops. If the amount of precipitation does not increase over the same period of years, what effect could the irrigation of crops have on the aquifer?
a)
The groundwater will decrease
b)
The groundwater will increase.
c)
The groundwater will stay the same.
d)
The groundwater will expand.
32.
Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?
a)
Aquifers recharge slowly
b)
Lake water is reserved for recreation
c)
Increasing biomass decreases evaporation rates
d)
Tall buildings impede the development of rain clouds
33.
During droughts, lack of rain can lead to wells drying up. This is because the drought has lowered the ____.
a)
water trough
b)
zone of aeration
c)
water table
d)
zone of porosity
34.
Sinkholes, which are the result of caverns collapsing, are commonly associated with this kind of bedrock?
a)
Granite
b)
Limestone
c)
Gneiss
d)
Basalt
35.
In karst regions, caves are carved by the flow of water through limestone bedrock. How do the stalagmites and stalactites in the caves develop?
a)
They are granite intrusions that remain behind after water dissolves the surrounding limestone
b)
They are carbonate deposits formed by dripping water in air-filled cavities
c)
They are carvings made in limestone by the swirling water as it hollows out the cavern
d)
They are crystals that grow as water hollows out the cavern
36.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Splits in a rock due to tree roots
b)
Pulverized rock resulting from a landslide
c)
A rock broken into chunks after being carried by rapidly flowing water
d)
The dissolving of limestone by acid rain
37.
When water can pass through rock or sediment it is said to be ____.
a)
impermeable
b)
transparent
c)
permeable
d)
extrusive
38.
How does water move underground?
a)
trickles down between particles pulled by gravity
b)
moves up and down depending on the hemisphere
c)
is forced down through particles by pressure
d)
moves in and out of the ground due to the atmosphere
39.
If you install a well, what must you make sure of?
a)
the well is dug at least 100 ft deep
b)
the well is dug horizontally
c)
the well is dug at least 75 ft from the house
d)
the well is dug below the water table
40.
An artesian well relies on what to get the water to the surface?
a)
mantle
b)
atmosphere
c)
slope
d)
pressure
41.
If water cannot pass through a material easily then the material is considered what?
a)
permeable
b)
artesian well
c)
unsaturated zone
d)
impermeable
42.
Layer of ground not filled with water?
a)
permeable zone
b)
saturated zone
c)
unsaturated zone
d)
impermeable zone
43.
Layer of ground that is filled with water is considered the what?
a)
saturated zone
b)
permeable zone
c)
unsaturated zone
d)
impermeable zone
44.
What could happen if the water table lowers?
a)
There would be more precipitation.
b)
A lake could form in the valley. 
c)
The river level could lower.
d)
Transpiration would stop.
45.
Suppose there is a drought in this area. The level of the river drops because of it.
What else could happen here?
a)
The river will immediately rise again.
b)
The water table will rise. 
c)
The water table will fall. 
d)
A new aquifer will form.
46.
What is an aquifer?
a)
A place underground that stores water. 
b)
A water pump
c)
A water purifier
d)
A place that sells aquifers
47.
Because they have large connected pores, materials such as sand and gravel allow water to pass through.  This is known as 
a)
Permeable
b)
Impermeable
48.
An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water?
a)
Reservoir
b)
Aquifer
c)
Groundwater
d)
Watershed
49.
The materials that make up Aquifers A and B are
a)
permeable
b)
impermeable
50.
The ___________________ the grain size, the faster the water will move through the soil.
a)
more mixed
b)
smaller
c)
larger
51.
A material with a high porosity has:
a)
Little space
b)
A lot of space
52.
The amount of space between soil is:
a)
Porosity
b)
Permeability
53.
The top of the groundwater’s zone of saturation - E
a)
Zone of Aeration
b)
Aquifer
c)
Surface water
d)
Water table
54.
The area below the water table -D
a)
Zone of Saturation
b)
Aquifer
c)
Zone of Aeration
d)
Delta
55.
At some depth, the water reaches a level where the pores in the ground are saturated with water, called the 
a)
saturated zone
b)
unsaturated zone
56.
The pumping of well B causes a lowering around the well known as a
a)
perched water table
b)
sink cone 
c)
geyser
d)
cone of depression
57.
The small source of groundwater, in the upper left hand corner, is caused by a section of impermeable clay in the aeration zone.  The described feature is known as a/an
a)
aquifer
b)
cone of depression
c)
capillary fringe
d)
perched water table
58.
Which sediment would have the highest capillarity action?
a)
gravel
b)
sand
c)
silt
d)
clay
59.
Slow dripping from stalactites then create ___________ on the caves floor
a)
Stalactites 
b)
Stalagmites
60.
A deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave like an icicle. 
a)
Stalactite
b)
Stalagmite
c)
Weathering
61.
A sinkhole created by the collapsing of a cave is called _________________
a)
Karst Topography
b)
Groundwater
c)
Erosion
d)
Weathering
62.
Looking at the diagram, the different types of sediments show water going up the tubes against gravity.  This process is the result of water's attraction to other substances and is known as
a)
capillarity
b)
permeability
c)
porosity
d)
grain size
63.
Which sediment has the largest pore space?
a)
Gravel
b)
Sand
c)
Silt 
d)
Clay
64.
Capillarity is the attraction of water to sediment. After the columns have been drained. Which column of sediment would have retained the most capillary water?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
65.
The structure in the picture reprents
a)
an artesian well
b)
an ordinary well
c)
a spring
d)
a geyser
66.
For an artesian well to form, the aquitard must be trapped between two aquifers
a)
true
b)
false
67.
Stalactites and Stalagmites are depositional features
a)
True
b)
False
68.
Wetlands are important to humans because:
a)
they provide flood protection
b)
they improve water quality
c)
they act as a filter
d)
all of the above
69.
The ___________________ the grain size, the faster the water will move through the soil.
a)
more mixed
b)
smaller
c)
larger
70.
 96.5% of all water can be found...
a)
in oceans
b)
in glaciers
c)
in the ground
d)
in the atmosphere
71.
Which material would not be good for an aquifer?
a)
sandstone
b)
limestone
c)
clay
d)
gravel
72.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
73.
A ___________________ is the area of land that collects runoff and channels it into a main river.
a)
rill
b)
gully
c)
stream channel
d)
watershed
74.
Where is most freshwater on Earth?
a)
under ground
b)
in rivers
c)
in lakes
d)
frozen in polar ice caps
75.
What do all the sources of groundwater contamination shown have in common?
a)
caused by humans so it is preventable
b)
naturally occurring so it cannot be prevented
76.
Scientists recommend preserving a watershed by 
a)
increasing construction within the watershed
b)
creating lakes by damming up rivers in the watershed
c)
encouraging agricultural usage in the watershed
d)
preserving forests and wetlands within the watershed
77.
Wastewater collected from landfills should be ___________________ in order to prevent the pollution of groundwater.
a)
piped to nearby lakes and streams.
b)
treated before it is released.
c)
filtered by soil and plants.
d)
diluted by mixing it with drinking water.
78.
What is the source of most surface water and groundwater?
a)
Snow
b)
Precipitation
c)
Run-off
d)
Wastewater
79.
Groundwater is _________ that enters a watershed and is absorbed into the soil.
a)
Snow
b)
Precipitation
c)
Run-off
d)
Saturated
80.
Surface runoff in a watershed that empties into the Mississippi river has become polluted by sewage and fertilizers.
Which of the following environments might become polluted as a result?
   
I. aquatic environments downstream of the watershed
II. land environments along the banks of the river
III. environments upstream
a)
II only
b)
IIII only
c)
I, II, and III
d)
I and II only
 
81.
Lucas built a model to show the effect of human population growth on an aquifer that supplies water for a growing city.   He placed a tub under a stream of water until the tub filled and began to overflow. Then he used a water pump to begin removing water from the tub. At first he pumped slowly, and the water still overflowed. Then he pumped harder until, eventually, the water level in the tub began to go down.   What is represented by the tub in this model?
a)
The containment of the water in an underground area
b)
The water that enters the aquifer due to precipitation and runoff
c)
The amount of water that flows out of the aquifer as natural springs
d)
The amount of water from the aquifer that is used by the city
82.

The picture shows a simple well that was dug down to the groundwater. What probably caused the lower level of groundwater, known as a "cone of depression," in the vicinity of the well?

a)

The weight of the atmosphere presses down on the groundwater in the well.

b)

The ground below the well acts as a vacuum sucking out the water.

c)

Gravity pulls down the water beneath the well.

d)

As water is drawn from the well, it takes time for the groundwater to percolate through the soil and restore the level.

83.

Which of the following is a typical feature of karst topography?

a)

landslides

b)

moraines

c)

dunes

d)

sinkholes

84.

In the diagram below, the area labeled X is called the __________.

a)

zone of infiltration

b)

recharge zone

c)

zone of saturation

d)

zone of permeability

85.

According to the diagram, the water supply will be most consistent in well....

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

86.

Organize best to hold water to least able to hold water.

Sample Porosity

A 30%

B 8%

C 16%

a)

C, A, B

b)

B, C, A

c)

A, B, C

d)

A, C, B

87.

Sample A is most likely _____________.

Sample Porosity

A 30%

B 8%

C 16%

a)

well-sorted small grains of sand

b)

unsorted small grains of sand

c)

well-sorted large grains of sand

d)

unsorted large grains of sand

88.

Which solution will NOT protect the water from contamination?

a)

Build a well between the two wells that goes deeper into Earth.

b)

Close the wells and use an alternative.

c)

Build an impermeable barrier to stop oil flow.

d)

Pump out water from the wells and treat it chemically to remove pollution.

89.

Which two wells are at risk of being contaminated by the oil leak?

a)

B and C

b)

A and D

c)

A and B

d)

C and D

90.

Groundwater flows through permeable layers called ____.

a)

aquifers

b)

aquicludes

91.

Which term BEST links groundwater and the water cycle?

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

infiltration

d)

glaciers

92.

Which of the following is the measure of space in the ground?

a)

permability

b)

porosity

c)

viscosity

d)

aquifer

93.

How do we access groundwater?

a)

recharge

b)

wells

c)

rivers

d)

acid rain

94.

Where is the water table the highest?

a)

on a high mountain

b)

in the sandy desert

c)

in a soggy wetland

d)

on a flat grassland

95.

What would most likely make the water table's level change?

a)

drought, with no rain for several weeks

b)

condensation in the atmosphere

c)

evaporation on a sunny day

d)

a thirsty deer drinking in a lake

96.
As pore space decreases, what happens to the rate at which groundwater moves?
a)
it increases
b)
it decreases
c)
it stays the same
97.
a fountain of water that intermittently shoots up from the ground at intervals is called 
a)
spring
b)
hot spring
c)
geyser
d)
artesian well
98.
What process is taking place at number 2?
a)
precipitation
b)
condensation
c)
evaporation
d)
transpiration
99.
When water evaporates from plants or trees it is called
a)
transpiration
b)
condensation
c)
precipitation
d)
runoff
100.
A substance has a low permeability when:
a)
Water can flow through easily
b)
Water CAN'T Flow through easily
101.
What is a place where groundwater seeps out of the ground called?
a)
Well
b)
Reservoir
c)
Aquifer
d)
Spring
102.
What are sources of water pollution?
a)
Precipitation as Acid rain
b)
Runoff water & Groundwater
c)
Industry & Household waste
d)
All of these
103.
What mechanism controls the flow of water in runoff?
a)
gravity
b)
temperature
c)
permeability
d)
porosity
104.
Which well(s) end(s) in a saturated zone?
a)
1 and 2
b)
1 only
c)
4 and 5
d)
1,3 and 5
105.
The materials that make up Aquifers A and B are
a)
permeable
b)
impermeable
106.
Water from precipitation soaks down through permeable rock and soil layers.  These layers contain air as well as water, so they are not saturated, or filled, with water.  This top layer is thus called the 
a)
unsaturated zone
b)
saturated zone
107.
At some depth, the water reaches a level where the pores in the ground are saturated with water, called the 
a)
saturated zone
b)
unsaturated zone
108.

Why is groundwater so important?

a)

Water is ancient and can't be replaced, only recycled

b)

It's all the water we have

c)

Desalination is expensive and can't be used in the central plains

d)

Most water on earth isn't freshwater and most freshwater comes from groundwater sources

109.

How old are the water molecules in your glass or bottle of water?

a)

Several days

b)

around 1,000 years

c)

a million years

d)

thousands of millions of years

110.

Groundwater in the US is

a)

found everywhere

b)

is primarily found in the central plains

c)

is found all across the nation, but some areas have little to none

d)

is only found along the coastlines

111.

Where is most of the freshwater on Earth found?

a)

in underground aquifers

b)

in low salt oceans

c)

in groundwater

d)

locked up in ice, snow, and glaciers

112.
What two groundwater structures can result from this geological situation?
a)
Aquifer and Hot Springs
b)
Geyser and Hot Springs
c)
Artesian Well and Geyser
d)
Caves and Karst
113.
What is the term used to refer to cave and sinkhole topography?
a)
Sinking springs
b)
Karst
c)
Chambers
d)
Aretes

Similar Resources on Wayground

Teks Editorial Campuran

114 questions

Teks Editorial Campuran

quiz

Worksheet

•

12th Grade

AICE MARINE EXTRA Exam REVIEW PT 1

110 questions

AICE MARINE EXTRA Exam REVIEW PT 1

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

Chemistry Unit 2

111 questions

Chemistry Unit 2

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

Test 1 Review: SEV1

113 questions

Test 1 Review: SEV1

quiz

Worksheet

•

10th - 12th Grade

A & P 3rd Nine Weeks REVIEW

110 questions

A & P 3rd Nine Weeks REVIEW

quiz

Worksheet

•

10th - 12th Grade

Physical Science Semester 2 Review

108 questions

Physical Science Semester 2 Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

7th - 12th Grade

BIOLOGY EOC Review Part 1

112 questions

BIOLOGY EOC Review Part 1

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

NHA CET practice

109 questions

NHA CET practice

quiz

Worksheet

•

12th Grade