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Honors Biology Spring Semester Review 2019

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

From this pedigree, what can you determine?

a)

The disease is recessive

b)

The disease is dominant

c)

The disease just popped up

d)

The disease is X-Linked

2.

Look at this pedigree. What can you determine?

a)

The disease is sex-linked recessive

b)

The disease is autosomal recessive

c)

The disease is sex-linked dominant

d)

The disease is autosomal dominant

3.
If one of your parents is blood type A and the other is type B, which of the following blood types would you likely be?
a)
O
b)
AB
c)
A or B
d)
Any
4.

A father is heterozygous for his type A blood and a mother is heterozygous for her type B blood. What percentage of their offspring would you expect to have?

a)

50% all blood types

b)

25% Type A, 50% Type B, 25% Type O

c)

50% Type A, 50% Type B

d)

Type A 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type O 25%

5.
If a woman is a carrier for a sex linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true? Make a punnett square!
a)
All sons will have hemophilia
b)
all daughters will have hemophilia
c)
50% of daughters and 50% of sons have hemophilia
d)
100% of sons have hemophilia and 100% of daughters are carriers
6.
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection? 
a)
People selectively breeding hamsters.
b)
Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
c)
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.
d)
Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.
7.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
8.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
9.

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

DNA

d)

Homologous Structures

10.
The similarities of the bones in the diagram provide evidence that---
a)
The organisms shown lived in the same natural envionrment
b)
The organisms shown may have developed from a common ancestor
c)
The organisms shown have the same genetic diseases
d)
All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs
11.

The process by which two populations of the same species become so different that they can no longer interbreed.

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

speciation

d)

fossilization

12.

Which form of evolution can occur quickly?

a)

gradualism

b)

punctuated equilibrium

c)

allopatric speciation

d)

sympatric speciation

13.
a model that describes evolution as a slow, ongoing process by which one species changes to a new species. 
a)
osmosis
b)
gradualism
c)
homologous
14.
Antibiotics work against most
a)
Bacteria
b)
Bacteria & Viruses
c)
Vaccines
d)
Viruses
15.
Vaccinations are used for
a)
Curing the illness
b)
Preventing the Illness
c)
Getting the illness
16.
What do B cells produce?
a)
antigens
b)
macrophages
c)
T cells
d)
antibodies
17.
What cell type does HIV target?
a)
cytotoxic T cells
b)
helper T cells
c)
B cells
d)
neutrophils
18.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
19.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
20.
Long tongues (T) are dominant to short tongues in green tree frogs.  What is the probability that two frogs that are heterozygous for long tongues could produce offspring with short tongues?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
21.
What is the phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross of 2 heterozygous parents?
a)
3:4:3:6
b)
1:2:3:4
c)
9:3:3:1
d)
8:4:3:1
22.
Which of the three graphs shows stabilizing selection?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
23.
Which of the three graphs shows disruptive selection?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
24.
A virus killed most of the seals in the North Sea (e.g. dropped the population from    8000 to 800).  In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 of the   remaining seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific   Ocean.  Which of the following statements would accurately describe the new   population?  
a)
The new seal population is genetically less diverse than the original population 
b)
The new seal population is genetically more diverse than the original population
c)
There is equal genetic variety compared  to the original population 
d)
None of the answers
25.
 Genetic Drift is more likely to happen in... 
a)
aquatic populations
b)
small populations
c)
terrestrial populations
d)
older populations
26.
On island chains like the one shown below, animal populations that spread from the main island to the other islands can evolve into separate species. Which of the following best explains why speciation can occur in this situation? 
a)
Predators on the main island can easily migrate to follow the populations to the other islands.
b)
The physical separation of the islands from the main island limits gene flow and interbreeding between the populations.
c)
Lack of disease on the other island enables the populations to grow and change without limits.
d)
The climatic conditions of the islands allow the populations to breed all year long and produce several generations.
27.
Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?
a)
jaws
b)
mammary glands & hair
c)
terrestrial during all life stages
d)
opposable thumbs
28.
What do protists, plants, fungi, and animals ALWAYS have in common? They are all...
a)
Multicellular
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Consumers
29.
All of the following have a nucleus except...
a)
Bacteria
b)
Animalia
c)
Plantae
d)
Protista
30.
This kingdom includes complex, multicellular organisms that are usually green, have cell walls, and make sugar by photosynthesis
a)
fungi
b)
bacteria
c)
plantae
d)
archaea
31.

What do archaea and bacteria have in common?

a)

Their cells have a nucleus (eukaryotic).

b)

They are multicellular.

c)

They are found in extreme environments.

d)

Their cells do not have a nucleus (prokaryotic).

32.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

33.

According to this diagram, plants absorb

a)

nitrates

b)

nitrogen fixing bacteria

c)

animals

d)

decomposers

34.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
35.

Which organisms are most closely related?

a)

Equus caballas (Horse) & Equus burchellii (Zebra)

b)

Cyanea artica (Jellyfish) &

Ctenodiscus crispatus (Mud Starfish)

c)

Naja naja (cobra) & Glycine max (soya bean)

d)

Ophiocomina nigra (black brittle star) & Brassica nigra (black mustard)

36.

Which 2 organisms would be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring?

a)

2 organisms in the same class

b)

2 organisms in the same family

c)

2 organisms in the same genus

d)

2 organisms in the same species

37.
What is the 1st step of virus infection?
a)
Entry
b)
Attachment
c)
Replication
d)
Assembly
38.
Which best describes the basic structure of a virus?
a)
nucleic acid strand surrounded by a protein coat
b)
a tail surrounded by a protein coat
c)
a tail surrounded by a carbohydrate coat
d)
nucleic acid strand surrounded by a carbohydrate coat
39.

When a person receives a vaccine, his or her body

a)

receives antibodies against a specific pathogen.

b)

creates Memory B cells that can produce antibodies against the specific pathogen.

c)

creates antigens to fight the specific pathogen.

d)

immediately begins fighting the infection caused by the pathogens.

40.
What three things does a plant need to take in to be able to go through photosynthesis?
a)
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
b)
sunlight, water, and oxygen
c)
oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen
d)
water, oxygen, and glucose
41.
What is the name of the organelle in the leaves of plants that absorbs the Sun's energy?
a)
roots
b)
chlorophyll
c)
chloroplast
d)
stomata
42.
What causes the stoma to open?
a)
Leaves placed in dark areas.
b)
Water moving into the guard cells.
c)
Leaves that are suffering in a drought.
d)
Water moving out of the guard cells.
43.
the products of photosynthesis are...
a)
glucose and sunlight
b)
carbon dioxide and water
c)
glucose and chlorophyll
d)
oxygen and glucose
44.

Glucose is a ...

a)

sugar

b)

carbohydrate

c)

source of quick chemical energy

d)

all are correct

45.
The formula for glucose is...
a)
C12 H22 O11
b)
NaCl
c)
NaOH
d)
C6 H12 O6
46.
This is ...
a)
mitochondria
b)
chloroplast
c)
cell
d)
phloem
47.
Which of the following groups of plants lacks the vascular tissues xylem and phloem?
a)
Bryophytes
b)
Pteridophytes
c)
Gymnosperms
d)
Angiosperms
48.

Which group of plants were the first to have vascular tissue?

a)

Bryophytes (moss)

b)

Pteridophytes (primitive seedless vascular)

c)

Gymnosperms (conifers)

d)

Angiosperms (flowers)

49.
Which plant structure houses the male and female reproductive structures and is designed to attract pollinators?
a)
Root
b)
Stem
c)
Leaf
d)
Flower
50.

What type of vascular tissue is responsible for transporting water, with dissoved minerals and nutrients, from the roots to the leaves and flowers

a)

Cuticle

b)

Phloem

c)

Stomata

d)

Xylem

51.
Breaks seed dormancy and promotes growth (can make fruit bigger)
a)
Auxin
b)
Gibberellin
c)
Cytokinins
d)
Ethene
52.
Hormone related to the growth of the plant in response to tropisms
a)
Auxin
b)
Cytokinins
c)
Ethene
d)
Absisic acid
53.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + glucose
b)
CO2 + glucose + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + glucose
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ glucose
54.

Helps fruit ripen

a)

Auxin

b)

Gibberellin

c)

Cytokinins

d)

Ethylene

55.

The purpose of seed dispersal is for the seeds to __________.

a)

germinate at the same time

b)

move to the same place and grow

c)

move away from the parent plant to an environment where it can grow

d)

compete with one another for minerals in the soil

56.

Which of the following characteristics would be found on a plant that lives in the desert?

a)

A waxy coat to prevent water loss

b)

Broad leaves for photosynthesis

c)

Stomata that stay open during the day

d)

A shallow root system to gather water

57.
Which of the following would have affect the rate of photosynthesis?
a)
amount of water
b)
carbon dioxide concentration
c)
temperature
d)
all of these
58.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
59.
My main goal is to produce a lot of ATP energy. 
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
60.

The disks in the chloroplast are called _____________ and they contain __________________:

a)

Lamellae, grana

b)

Grana, stroma

c)

Stroma, chlorophyll

d)

Thylakoids, chlorophyll

61.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
62.

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not. What type of symbiosis?

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

competition

d)

parasitism

63.

Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that often feed on parasites that infest impala. This is an example of _______ symbiosis.

a)

commensalistic

b)

mutualistic

c)

neutralistic

d)

parasitic

64.
What type of symbiosis?
*Skunks often live in burrows that have  been dug and abandoned by woodchucks.
*Woodchucks abandon holes which are later used by skunks.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
65.
What does NOT produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
66.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
67.
How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?
a)
100%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
75%
68.

The fox in this food web is feeding at which trophic levels?

a)

3, 4

b)

2, 3

c)

1, 2

d)

3 only

69.

What is the role of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?

a)

To kill any remaining organisms from before the disturbance

b)

To break down rock and rebuild soil

c)

To provide food for large animals

d)

To put fresh oxygen into the air

70.

The picture shows what type of succession?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quadanary

71.

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

a)

primary succession

b)

ecological succession

c)

secondary succession

d)

intermediate species

72.

Secondary succession forms after a catastrophic event like a forest fire and has a ___________ growth rate than primary succession because soil already exists with seeds that will regrow.

a)

extremely slower

b)

slower

c)

faster

73.

What type of respiration requires oxygen and is the most efficient at procucing ATP?

a)

Aerobic

b)

Anaerobic

74.
 The expression "feel the burn" means that a person exercising is goes through...
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
alcoholic fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
aerobic respiration
75.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
76.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
77.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
78.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
79.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
80.

Which organism in the food web would

contain the highest concentration of chemical pollutants?

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

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