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WorksheetsPreAP Biology Final Exam Review 2019
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 54mins
All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access to:
Water
Food
Shelter
Mates
Studies of the finches of the Galapagos Islands have shown that:
DNA will change to produce structures needed by birds to survive intense competition
a bird’s beak changes annually in response to the type of food that is most abundant each year
natural selection occurs when there are scarce resources and intense competition
the beak of a finch will change if the environment of the bird remains stable
How does natural selection lead to the appearance of adaptations?
adaptations can be taught to offspring
better adapted organisms live longer and have more offspring than other organisms
better adapted organisms kill competing organisms off
adaptations can be traded between organisms.
How does habitat fragmentation reduce genetic diversity in species?
Habitat fragmentation makes nonnative species introduction possible.
Habitat fragmentation opens migration routes.
Habitat fragmentation isolates a large population into smaller groups.
Habitat fragementation encourages open gene flow.
In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what does the variable q represent?
Frequency of the heterozygote genotype
Frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype
The frequency of the recessive allele
The frequency of the dominant allele
If 49 out of 100 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, 49/100 or 0.49 would represent
p
p2
q
q2
Hardy-Weinberg: If you know that 12 out of 100 individuals express a recessive phenotype, you can take 12/100 to give you q2. Now that you know q2, solve for p. (Remember that p + q = 1)
0.12
0.35
0.65
0.88
The number of times a particular allele appears in a gene pool is known as the
population of the allele
relative percentage of the allele
frequency of the allele
evolution of the allele
Evolution can be defined as a ____________
change in the frequency of an allele in a population over time
change in the frequency of reproduction in a population
change in the frequency of an allele in an individual
A mutation is defined as:
A change in the cell's structure
Anything that changes in an embryo
Any change in the physical features of a human
A change in the DNA sequence
Mutations are random.
True
False
Name the process happening at number 1 in the diagram.
DNA Replication
Translation
Mutation
Transcription
TRUE or FALSE. The removal of one base to the DNA sequence might lead to a change on the succeeding (next) codon.
True
False
What is the evolutionary explanation for the high toxicity of some prey organisms?
Their environment was becoming more toxic
Humans were collecting them
Its main predator was developing a tolerance for the prey's poison
The females preferred more toxic males
What is this a picture of?
Pedigree
Cladogram
Family Tree
Oak Tree
A virus killed most of the seals in the North Sea (e.g. dropped the population from 8,000 to 800). In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 of the remaining seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Which of the following statements would accurately describe the new population?
The new seal population is genetically less diverse than the original population
The new seal population is genetically more diverse than the original population
There is equal genetic variety compared to the original population
None of the answers
Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?
Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.
Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.
Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year. This results in larger apples from year to year.
Which chemical reaction is described here?
Carbon dioxide, water and sunlight are converted into oxygen and glucose.
Photosynthesis
Fermentation
Cellular Respiration
All of these issues can occur if a cell gets too large EXCEPT;
nutrients take longer to reach the cell
messages cannot pass to the nucleus
a high surface to volume ratio
cellular wastes take longer to remove
A person with swollen gums rinses their mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
give permission for a reaction to begin
raise activation energy
speed up reactions
control how many reactions occur
If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water in the glass is _______ compared to the cell.
hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
Female water frogs tend to be attracted to the males with the loudest and most distinctive mating call (an acoustical display). What type of selection is this?
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
What is sexual dimorphism?
Mate competition
Mate choice
Where male animals display certain mating behaviors
Where the different sexes have different traits
Which one has the highest surface area to volume ratio?
a whole green onion
a green onion cut in half
a green onion diced into pieces
they are all the same
Chi-squared example: from this data set, how many degrees of freedom will be present? (*Remember, it is number of variables - 1)
4
5
6
7
Chi-Squared: If the critical value = 5.99 and the
χ2 calculated value = 6.65 do you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?
reject
fail to reject
there is not enough info to decide
Chi-squared: if you were using this data set, what could you write for the null hypothesis?
Injury type is not related to the position played
Injury type is dependent on the position played
The fox in this food web would be considered a:
producer
primary consumer
secondary Consumer
tertiary consumer
The mouse in this food web would be considered a:
primary consumer
producer
tertiary consumer
secondary consumer
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUG CCA GUA UGA
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
Met-Pro-Val- stop
Tyr-Gly-His- stop
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram
below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are
larger, and move slower
larger, and move faster
smaller, and move faster
smaller, and move slower
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments on the basis of which property?
size
color
functions
chromosomes
Which of these correctly describes the cellular processes?
top half = meiosis / bottom half = mitosis
top half = mitosis / bottom half = meiosis
top half = produces gametes / bottom half = produces body cells
What explains the sharp drop in the amount of DNA at square I?
the cell is undergoing synthesis and copying its DNA
the cell is dividing into two cells
the cell is undergoing mitosis
the cell has died
On this phenology graph, what is causing the mismatch on the today graph compared to 1980?
bird eggs are hatching later
bird fledgling is happening earlier
the peak biomass of caterpillars happens before hatching
the peak biomass of caterpillars happens after hatching
