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Cells Revision 1

Total questions: 112

Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
2.
I am only found in a plant cell. What am I?
a)
cell wall
b)
mitochondria
c)
cytoplasm
d)
chloroplast
3.
Consists of a jellylike substance that contains many organelles.
a)
ribosomes
b)
cytoplasm
c)
chloroplasts
d)
cell wall
4.
Which organelle uses energy from sunlight to make sugar?
a)
mitochondria
b)
nucleus
c)
chloroplasts
d)
vacuoles
5.
hold/store water, mainly found in plant cells
a)
nuclolus
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi bodies
d)
vacuoles
6.
Provides structure and support for plant cells.
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cell Wall
7.
Controls the cell and contains DNA
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Cell Wall
8.

packages and distributes proteins

proteins may be modified here

a)

golgi body

b)

chloroplast

c)

ribosomes

d)

lysosome

9.

uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make glucose and oxygen

a)

chloroplast

b)

nucleus

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

lysosome

10.

site of many cellular reactions

can be rough or smooth

transports proteins

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

golgi body

c)

ribosomes

d)

mitochondria

11.
Which organelle belongs in both plant and animal cells?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Membrane
12.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Membrane
13.

a metabolic pathway consists of ...

a)

a series of reactions

b)

a series of enzymes

c)

a series of chemical reactions

d)

a series of biological reactions

14.

what controls a metabolic pathway

a)

enzymes

b)

chemicals

c)

intermediates

d)

energy

15.

energy required to start off a chemical reaction sequence

a)

reaction rate

b)

activation energy

c)

reaction energy

d)

optimum energy

16.
Energy is released from ATP when
a)
a phosphate group is added
b)
adenine bonds to ribose
c)
ATP is exposed to sunlight
d)
a phosphate group is removed
17.

A feature of a catabolic reaction.

a)

Breaks down complex molecules into simple ones

b)

Builds up complex molecules from simple ones

c)

Breaks down simple molecules into complex ones

d)

Builds up simple molecules from complex ones

18.

A feature of an anabolic reaction

a)

Breaks down simple molecules into complex ones

b)

Builds up simple molecules from complex ones

c)

Builds up complex molecules from simple ones

d)

Breaks down complex molecules into simple ones

19.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
20.
All living things do which of the following?
a)
Chemosynthesis
b)
Respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
all of the answers
21.
______________ produces the most ATP.
a)
photosnthesis
b)
aerobic respiration
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
glycolysis
22.
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose and oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide and water
c)
Lactic acid
d)
Carbon monoxide
23.
What type of respiration requires oxygen?
a)
Aerobic
b)
Anaerobic
24.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
25.
Glycolysis results in a net gain of how many ATP?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
1
26.

What type of fermentation occurs in most organisms, including animals?

a)

Aerobic

b)

Alcoholic

c)

Citric Acid

d)

Lactic Acid

27.

What is the correct order for aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

glycolysis-->ETC--> Krebs Cycle

b)

ETC-->glycolysis-->Krebs Cycle

c)

glycolysis-->Krebs Cycle-->ETC

d)

Krebs Cycle-->glycolysis-->ETC

28.
what is the stroma
a)
type of plant
b)
liquid in a chloroplast
c)
the outside of a mitochondria
d)
what traps the sunloght in a chloroplast
29.
what is a stack of thylakoids called
a)
granum/grana
b)
cellular wall
c)
lysosome
d)
starch grain
30.
mitochondria have their own ____ and DNA floating in the matrix
a)
ions
b)
ATP
c)
water
d)
ribosomes
31.
what type of sugar does photosynthesis create
a)
glucose
b)
galactose
c)
fructose
32.
Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?
a)
passive transport by diffusion
b)
active transport using ATP 
c)
passive transport by osmosis
d)
 osmosis
33.
The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called
a)
perforated
b)
semi-permeable
c)
non-conducive
d)
permeable
34.
 Look at the diagram of a cross-section of a cell membrane below. The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane? 
a)
simple osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
simple diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
35.
Look at the cross section of a cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell. H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. How do you describe this type of transport across the cell membrane?
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
co-transport
36.
 In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
 mitochondrion
d)
nucleus
37.
Which activity can occur without the use of energy?
a)
contraction of muscle tissue
b)
protein synthesis in a cell
c)
active transport of minerals
d)
movement of water across a membrane
38.
The diagram below represents a cell and some molecules in its environment. Which molecule would require the use of energy in order to be brought into the cell?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
39.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called 
a)
active transport
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
phagocytosis
40.
During diffusion molecules tend to move 
a)
   up the concentration gradient
b)
 from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
c)
 in a direction that doesn’t depend on concentration
d)
 down the concentration gradient
41.
Endocytosis is defined as
a)
the movement of large molecules from the inside of the cell to the outisde of the cell using channel proteins. 
b)
the movement of large molecules from the inside of the cell to the outisde of the cell membrane vesciles. 
c)
 the movement of large molecules from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell using membrane vesciles.
d)
the movement of large molecules from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell using channel proteins. 
42.
Exocytosis is the movement of
a)
any type of substance from outside the cell to the inside of the cell. 
b)
very large substances from outside the cell to the inside of the cell. 
c)
any type of substance from inside the cell to the outside.
d)
very large substances from inside the cell to the outside.
43.
Active transport _______ and is the movement of a substance from _____ to _____ concentration
a)
requires energy, high to low
b)
requires no energy, low to high
c)
 requires no energy, high to low
d)
 requires energy, low to high
44.
Passive transport
a)
 always occurs slowly
b)
 does not require energy
c)
requires energy
45.
In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion 
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis 
46.
What process does a multi-cellular organism use to replace its damaged body cells?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
transcription
47.
Which of these lists presents the stages of the cell cycle in the correct order?
a)
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
b)
cytokinesis, mitosis, interphase
c)
mitosis, interphase, cytokinesis
d)
interphase, cytokinesis, mitosis
48.
Which of these phases of mitosis take place first?
a)
anaphase
b)
telophase
c)
prophase
d)
metaphase
49.
Matt uses a microscope to look at slides of plant cells.  He sees a cell with two nuclei that have visible chromosomes. In which stage of cell division is this cell?
a)
anaphase
b)
prophase
c)
telophase
d)
interphase
50.
During interphase, the DNA is in the form of
a)
chromatin
b)
chromosomes
c)
chromatids
d)
centromeres
51.

Which of the following images shows a cell in Telophase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
52.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
53.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
54.

Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called

a)

replication

b)

meiosis

c)

mitosis

d)

binary fission

55.
In binary fission how does the DNA of the daughter cells compare to the DNA of the parent cell? 
a)
It is only half of the amount of DNA found in the parent.
b)
It is identical.
c)
It is a mix of the parent's DNA.
d)
It has some similarities and some differences.
56.

DNA begins to replicate at the origins of replication.

a)

Step 1

b)

Step 2

c)

Step 3

d)

Step 4

e)

Step 5

57.

Replication continues and the cell begins to elongate.

a)

Step 1

b)

Step 2

c)

Step 3

d)

Step 4

e)

Step 5

58.

A cell continues to elongates and pinches inward

a)

Step 1

b)

Step 2

c)

Step 3

d)

Step 4

e)

Step 5

59.

A new cell wall is deposited between the two forming cells

a)

Step 1

b)

Step 2

c)

Step 3

d)

Step 4

e)

Step 5

60.

The cells separate (cytokinesis) into two identical daughter cells

a)

Step 1

b)

Step 2

c)

Step 3

d)

Step 4

e)

Step 5

61.

The two daughters cells formed from binary fission...

a)

Are identical and contain their own copy of the chromosome, ribosomes, cell wall, etc.

b)

Are genetically unique from each other

62.
This organelle is a rigid outer layer that protects plant cells.
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Nucleus
d)
Chloroplast 
63.
The _____________ stores food, water, wastes, and other materials in both plant and animal cells.
a)
Vacuole
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Chromatin
64.
The _________ ____________ can be found in plant and animal cells, and receive proteins and materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them.
a)
ER
b)
Golgi Bodies
c)
Cell Membrane
65.
The _____________ holds the DNA, and controls the functions of plant and animal cells.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Nuclear Membrane
c)
Nucleolus
d)
New Moon
66.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
67.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid cells
b)
Diploid Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
68.
Diploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
4n
d)
1/2 n
69.
If the Diploid number of Carrots is 18, the haploid number is
a)
18
b)
9
c)
27
d)
36
70.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
71.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
72.
When homologous chromosomes match up, they form a structure call a ___________.
a)
tetrad (pair of chromosomes, one from mom and one from dad)
b)
triad
c)
diploid
d)
quad (group of 4 replicated chromosomes, 2 from mom and 2 from dad)
73.
Crossing over creates
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation (differences)
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
74.
Which cellular process is shown?
a)
meiosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
mitosis
d)
phagocytosis
75.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
76.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
77.
What phase is  shown in the picture?
a)
metaphase 2
b)
anaphase 2
c)
metaphase 1
d)
telophase 1
78.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
79.
A human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.
a)
46
b)
23
c)
92
d)
64
80.
Which of the following represents chromosome # during fertilization?
a)
n+n=2n
b)
n=n
c)
2n=n+n
d)
2n=2n
81.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
82.
How many daughter cells does Meiosis create?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
8
d)
1
83.

Two proteins responsible for serving as the signal to promote cells through the cell cycle.

a)

cyclin

b)

tumor

c)

CDK

d)

contact inhibition

84.

Cell-to-cell communication that tells cells when to stop growing.

a)

apoptosis

b)

contact inhibition

c)

differentiation

d)

carcinogen

85.

Cancer causing agent

a)

apoptosis

b)

contact inhibition

c)

differentiation

d)

carcinogen

86.

Programmed cell death

a)

apoptosis

b)

contact inhibition

c)

differentiation

d)

carcinogen

87.

Collection of cancer cells

a)

tumor

b)

metastasize

c)

interleukin

d)

melanin

88.
1. What do you call part A?
a)
chromatin
b)
sister chromatids
c)
centriole
d)
centromere
89.
1. What do you call part B?
a)
chromatin
b)
sister chromatids
c)
centriole
d)
centromere
90.
In which phase is DNA replicated?
a)
cytokinesis
b)
S phase
c)
metaphase
d)
prophase
91.
What are the names of the proteins that control the cell cycle or regulate how fast it works?
a)
chromatin
b)
centromere
c)
centriole
d)
cyclins
92.

Most prokaryotic organisms reproduce mainly by the process of

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

budding

d)

production of spores

93.

Sister chromatids are

a)

found only when a cell is not actively dividing

b)

tightly linked together at the centromere

c)

formed when chromatids separated during cell division

d)

made only of DNA

94.

When a eukaryotic cell is not dividing, its genetic material can be found in the form of very long thin fibers called

a)

chromatin

b)

chromosomes

c)

the nucleolus

d)

RNA

95.

The cell cycle control system

a)

receives messages from the outside of the cell that influence cell division

b)

triggers and controls major events in the cell cycle

c)

is influenced by growth factors that bind to cell receptors

d)

all of the above

96.

A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that a benign tumor

a)

is cancerous

b)

spreads from the original site

c)

does not metastisize

d)

never causes health problems

97.

What is the purpose the the cell cycle checkpoints?

a)

To repair damaged cells before they enter cell division.

b)

To remove damaged cells from an organism.

98.

How many cell cycle checkpoints are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

99.

What is the first checkpoint of the cell cycle?

a)

Mitosis checkpoint

b)

G1 checkpoint

c)

G2 checkpoint

100.

When is apoptosis initiated?

a)

When DNA damage is repaired.

b)

When cells are removed from the cell cycle.

c)

When DNA damage cannot be repaired.

101.
Uncontrolled cell division is stopped by...
a)
tumor suppressor genes
b)
oncogenes
102.
Which is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?
a)
apoptosis
b)
proto-oncogenes
c)
p53
d)
oncogenes
103.
p53 activates which of the following?
a)
Tumor suppressor genes
b)
cell cycle
c)
DNA repair proteins
d)
uncontrolled cell division
104.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure environmental conditions are ideal for cell survival.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
105.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure DNA has been replicated correctly during S phase.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
106.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure the correct number of chromosomes are present and attached to microtubules.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
107.
The checkpoints that regulate the cell cycle can fail when ____ becomes damaged.
a)
DNA 
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Ribosomes
108.

Name the 3 checkpoints of the cell cycle

a)

Anaphase checkpoint, mitosis/metaphase checkpoint, and telophase checkpoint

b)

Interphase checkpoint, S phase checkpoint, and M phase checkpoint

c)

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and S phase checkpoint

d)

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and mitosis/metaphase checkpoint

109.
What kind of transport does not require energy?
a)
Active 
b)
Vacuole 
c)
Passive 
d)
Na/K Pump 
110.
What structure of the cell forms a frame that holds the cell up in the cytoplasm?
a)
centrioles 
b)
cell wall 
c)
flagella 
d)
cytoskeleton 
111.
What is something that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
a)
They have a nucleus. 
b)
They are multi-cellular. 
c)
They have DNA. 
d)
They have organelles that are membrane-bound.
112.
What is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. 
b)
Movements of substances through a membrane. 
c)
When molecules spread from High to Low concentration on their own. 
d)
When pressure pushes something through a membrane. 

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