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Anatomy and Physiology Final Review

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The back is my ____________ side

a)

super

b)

inferior

c)

ventral/anterior

d)

dorsal/posterior

2.

The forehead is my ____________ side

a)

inferior

b)

superior

c)

dorsal/posterior

d)

ventral/anterior

3.
My nose is ______________ to my shoulders
a)
inferior
b)
superior
c)
proximal
d)
distal
4.
My elbow is ______________ to my fingers
a)
proximal
b)
distal
c)
superior
d)
inferior
5.
My toes are _________________ to my femur
a)
proximal
b)
distal
c)
superior
d)
inferior
6.
Superficial
a)
Above
b)
Below
c)
Toward Surface
d)
Toward Core
7.

Deep

a)

Above

b)

Below

c)

Toward Surface

d)

Toward Core (internal)

8.

This position is known as?

a)

Resting Position

b)

Directional Terminiology

c)

Anatomical Postion

d)

Standing Position

9.
Name this part.
a)
Right atrium
b)
Left ventricle
c)
Right ventricle
d)
Left atrium
10.
Name this part.
a)
Left ventricle
b)
Pulmonary artery
c)
Right atrium
d)
Pulmonary veins
11.
Name this part.
a)
Right ventricle
b)
Aorta
c)
Right atrium
d)
Atrium
12.
Name this part.
a)
Right ventricle
b)
Pulmonary artery
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right atrium
13.
Which side of the heart pumps blood into the lungs?
a)
Right
b)
Left
14.
______ carry blood to the heart.
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
d)
Vena Cava
15.
a)
Quadriceps
b)
Satorius
c)
Hamstring
d)
Gastronecmius
16.
a)

Latissmius Dorsi

b)

Erectors

c)

Deltoids

d)

Abdominal

17.
a)
Tricep
b)
Deltoid
c)
Hamstring
d)
Bicep
18.
a)
Trapezius
b)
Gluteals
c)
Deltoid
d)
Hamstring
19.
a)

Hamstrin

b)

Quadricep

c)

Tibialis Anterior

d)

Gastrocnemius

20.
a)
Pectoral
b)
Tricep
c)
Bicep
d)
Deltoid
21.
a)
Biceps
b)
Triceps
c)
Occuli
d)
Trapezius
22.

What are the two major structural divisions of the nervous system?

a)

The brain and spinal cord

b)

The central nervous and peripheral nervous system

c)

The neurons and the dendrites

d)

The cerebrum and the medulla

23.
The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another.  It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite
a)
synapse
b)
axon terminal
c)
impulse
d)
myelin
24.

The type of bone tissue that resists compressive forces, looks smooth & uniform.

a)

trabecular bone

b)

spongy bone

c)

compact bone

d)

epiphyseal bone

25.

Mature bone cells that live in tiny cavities within the bone are called?

a)

osteocytes

b)

osteoblasts

c)

osteoclasts

d)

osteons

26.

The functional unit of a long bone is the:

a)

medullary cavity

b)

osteon

c)

periosteum

d)

trabeculae

27.

What are NOT functions of the skeletal system?

a)

store calcium and phosphorus

b)

structure and support

c)

make red cells (hematopoiesis)

d)

maintain body temperature

28.
Myofibrils are made up of two types of proteins known as?
a)
Actin and Myosin
b)
Troponin and Tropomyosin
c)
Myoglobin and hemoglobin
d)
none of these
29.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)
Neuron
c)
Gland
d)
None of the above
30.
What is the name of the contractile unit in a muscle cell?
a)
fascicle
b)
sarcomere
c)
tendon
d)
endomysium
31.
The neurotransmitter that signals muscle contraction is called...
a)
Ach
b)
Myosin
c)
Actin
d)
Calcium
32.
The mechanism of muscle contraction.
a)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
b)
fasciitis
c)
sliding filament mechanism
d)
muscle cramps
33.

The epidermis is made of:

a)

Simple squamous epithelium

b)

Stratified squamous epithelium

c)

Simple cuboidal epithelium

d)

Simple columnar epithelium

34.

The deepest layer of the epidermis is the

a)

stratum lucidum

b)

stratum corneum

c)

stratum granulosum

d)

stratus spinosum

e)

stratum basale

35.

This epidermal layer is 20-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells.

a)

stratum lucidum

b)

stratum corneum

c)

stratum granulosum

d)

stratus spinosum

e)

stratum basale

36.

These cells produce melanin, which protects the nucleus from sun damage

a)

keratinocytes

b)

dendritic cells

c)

melanocytes

d)

Merkel cells

37.

Uses hormones to regulate body processes

a)

Lymphatic System

b)

Digestive System

c)

Nervous System

d)

Endocrine System

38.

Picks up leaked fluid and returns it to blood.

a)

Lymphatic System

b)

Digestive System

c)

Cardiovascular System

d)

Urinary System

39.

Exchanges gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide

a)

Cardiovascular System

b)

Respiratory System

c)

Urinary System

d)

Integumentary System

40.

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

a)

Digestive System

b)

Urinary System

c)

Lymphatic System

d)

Endocrine System

41.
Which blood cells are most abundant in the body?
a)
erythrocytes
b)
platelets
c)
lymphocytes
d)
eosinophils
42.
The three step process that stops blood flowing from a cut is called _________
a)
hemostasis
b)
homeostasis
c)
coagulation
d)
agglutination
43.
Antibodies binding to antigens on RBCs causes a clumping known as __________
a)
agglutination
b)
coagulation
c)
clotting cascade
d)
hemolysis
44.
What type of tissue is blood?
a)
nerve
b)
muscle
c)
epithelial
d)
connective
45.
What is the oxygen carrying pigment in blood?
a)
hematocrit
b)
hemopoesis
c)
hemoglobin
d)
hemostasis
46.
Which is NOT a function of blood?
a)
protection
b)
communication
c)
regulation
d)
transportation
47.
Which blood type is the UNIVERSAL DONOR?
a)
O+
b)
O-
c)
AB+
d)
AB-
48.
Which blood type is the universal recipient?
a)
AB+ 
b)
AB-
c)
O+
d)
O-
49.

The structure and shape of the body:

a)

physiology

b)

anatomy

c)

irritability

d)

homeostasis

50.

The study of function body function

a)

physiology

b)

anatomy

c)

negative feedback

d)

homeostasis

51.
What is mean by homeostasis?
a)
Controls and coordinates body activities through chemical 
b)
controls and coordinates body activities through electrical impulses
c)
For maintenance of a steady state in the internal environment
d)
remove metabolic waste products from the cel
52.

The midsagittal plane separates the body into...

a)

top and bottom

b)

left and right

c)

front and back

53.

The frontal plane separates the body into...

a)

anterior and posterior

b)

medial and lateral

c)

proximal and distal

d)

cranial and caudal

54.

The transverse plane separates the body into...

a)

anterior/posterior

b)

superior/inferior

c)

medial/lateral

d)

proximal/distal

55.

Gap junctions

a)

allow small particles through a cell wall in plant cells

b)

allow small ions into adjacent cells

c)

creates a "water tight" seal between intestinal cells

d)

creates a place to anchor cytoskeleton filaments within the cell

56.

Which type of muscle tissue has striations, one nucleus, and intercalated discs?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Cardiac muscle

d)

Bicep muscle

57.

Which type of muscle tissue is long cylindrical tubes, multinucleate, and striations?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Cardiac muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

d)

Bone muscle

58.

What type of cell junction anchors adjacent cells together so they don't get pulled apart?

a)

Tight junctions

b)

Gap junctions

c)

Desmosomes

d)

Cytoplasm

59.

What membrane junction prevents the leaking of fluids between cells?

a)

Gap junctions

b)

Tight junctions

c)

Desmosomes

d)

Microvilli

60.

Which type of tissue contains extracellular matrix?

a)

nervous

b)

connective

c)

muscle

d)

epithelial

61.

What body tissue is commonly called fat?

a)

adipose

b)

bone

c)

reticular

d)

dense fibrous

62.

Which type of tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?

a)

epithelial tisssue

b)

muscle tissue

c)

nervous tissue

d)

connective tissue

63.
What's another name for your knee?
a)
Knee
b)
Nutella
c)
Patella
d)
Nee
64.
part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons
a)
axon
b)
dendrites
c)
myelin sheath
d)
synapse
65.
a signal molecule that transmits nerve impulses across synapses
a)
neuron
b)
neurotransmitter
c)
nerve
d)
action potential
66.
This is the electrical charge that travels down an axon when a neuron is firing
a)
Resting Potential
b)
Action Potential
c)
Threshold
d)
Refractory Period
67.
When a neuron is not engaged in an impulse.
a)
Resting potential
b)
Action potential
c)
Neural potential
d)
Synaptic potential
68.
What is the normal resting potential of a neuron cell membrane?
a)
+40mV
b)
-30mV
c)
+55mV
d)
-70mV
69.
An organ that produces secretions called hormones is known as a :
a)
chemical
b)
gland
c)
hormone
d)
duct
70.
The _____ _____ is the master gland of the body because it releases hormones that stimulate other glands.  It is located at the base of the brain. 
a)
gonads
b)
thymus gland
c)
thyroid gland
d)
pituitary gland
71.

Produces the hormone insulin and glucagon, which controls the level of glucose in the blood.

a)

Thyroid Gland

b)

Pancreas

c)

Thymus Gland

d)

Pituitary Gland

72.

What organ is responsible for the majority of the absoption that occurs in the digestive system?

a)

large intestine

b)

small intestine

c)

stomach

d)

oral cavity

73.

The teeth and tongue of the oral cavity break foodstuff down physically. This is an example of

a)

mechanical digestion

b)

chemical digestion

c)

absorption

d)

peristalsis

74.
Digestive organ where most chemical digestion and absorption of food takes place through villi
a)
esophagus 
b)
rectume
c)
large intestine
d)
small intestine
75.
Urine production takes place in the:
a)
nephrons
b)
bladder
c)
ureter
d)
renal pelvis
76.
Which organ of the excretory system stores urine until the body is ready to eliminate it?
a)
ureters
b)
urethra
c)
urinary bladder
d)
urea
77.
Urine flows out of the kidneys through narrow tubes called
a)
Gallbladder
b)
Ureter
c)
Nephrons
d)
Urethra
78.
Where does fertilization usually occur?
a)
ovary
b)
uterus
c)
vagina
d)
fallopian tube
79.
The Pathway of the Sperm:
a)
testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, urethra
b)
seminal vesicles, vas deferens, testes, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, urethra
c)
vas deferens, testes, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, urethra
80.
hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ
a)
uterus
b)
semen
c)
vagina
d)
ejaculation 

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